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W14 - Filters

This document discusses different types of filters and their uses. Filters are used to selectively allow or block frequencies in components. There are low-pass, high-pass, band-pass and band-stop filters that determine which frequency ranges are passed or stopped. Ideal filters perfectly pass or stop frequencies but practical filters have transition regions between the passband and stopband where attenuation occurs. Analog filters that approximate ideal responses include Butterworth and Chebyshev filters.

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HermyraJ Robert
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18 views

W14 - Filters

This document discusses different types of filters and their uses. Filters are used to selectively allow or block frequencies in components. There are low-pass, high-pass, band-pass and band-stop filters that determine which frequency ranges are passed or stopped. Ideal filters perfectly pass or stop frequencies but practical filters have transition regions between the passband and stopband where attenuation occurs. Analog filters that approximate ideal responses include Butterworth and Chebyshev filters.

Uploaded by

HermyraJ Robert
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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14 Filters

Filters

What are
examples of “
filters” in our daily
life?

What do you think it is


being used for?
= remove unwanted
components
Frequency Selective Filters

if components are
described in
frequencies
ω
ω1 ω2

and you are able to select


WHICH frequencies you like !
Frequency Selective Filters
| H(ω) | | H(ω) |
low-pass high-pass

Pass Stop Stop Pass


band band band band

0 ω 0 ω

| H(ω) | band-pass | H(ω) | band-stop

Stop Pass Stop Pass Stop Pass


band band band band band band

0 ω 0 ω
Ideal Filters
Passband = range of
What do frequencies passed without
you mean attenuation.
IDEAL?? = perfect Stopband = range of
frequencies that are not
passed.

| H(ω) |

| H(ω) | = 1
Pass stop | H(ω) | = 0
band band

ω
Ideal Filters

X
HOWEVER

ideal filters do not exist .. (in


the real world)
Practical Filters
| H(ω) | Low pass filter

   p 1  1  H ( )  1  1
1+δ1
s   H ( )   2
1-δ1

passband stopband

δ2 transition

0 ωp ωs ω
Analog Filters
| H(ω) | *good approximation | H(ω) |
2
*sharper cutoff
nearing 0
1 1

0.707

N= 1
N= 3
N= 5
0 ωc ω 0 1 ωs ω
Butterworth Filter Chebyshev Filter
Thank You

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