MACLAURIN SERIES

• A Maclaurin series is a Taylor series expansion of a

function about 0,

• The Maclaurin theorem was founded by the

British mathematician Colin Maclaurin
( 1698 – 1746).
 MACLAURIN SERIES
1. Representation of functions as Maclaurin
Series.
2. Using the standard series to find series
expansions.
3. Differentiation and Integration of Power
Series.
4. Finding the limit of a function by using series
expansion.
 REPRESENTATION OF FUNCTION AS
MACLAURIN SERIES

𝑟
𝑓′ (0) 𝑓′′(0) 2 𝑓 (0 ) 𝑟
𝑓 (𝑥 )= 𝑓 (0 )+ 𝑥+ 𝑥 +…+ 𝑥 +…
1! 2! 𝑟!
 CHECKPOINT 11.1 – QUESTION 1(a)
Let

Using the Maclaurin Theorem,

Let

Using the Maclaurin Theorem,

 CHECKPOINT 11.1 – QUESTION 1(e)
Let
=
=

=
=
 =
=
+
= +
= +
=
Hence,

=
=
1. What is the Maclaurin Series all about ?
Answer : It’s a way to represent a function in a
different manner.
2. Why and when do we use this representation?
Answer : Some functions are difficult to integrate on
their own but the representation of that function
using the Maclaurin theorem can be integrated
easily.
Nevertheless, the values of
STANDARD SERIES
 STANDARD SERIES

+…
 CHECKPOINT 11.2 – QUESTION 1 (c )

By using the Maclaurin series for find the first

four terms in the series expansion of each of the
following functions.

𝑥 𝑥2 𝑥3
𝑒 =1+ 𝑥+ + +…
2! 3!
CHECKPOINT 11.2 – QUESTION 2 (c )

=
=
=
=

+…
 CHECKPOINT 11.2 – QUESTION 2 (d )

+…
 CHECKPOINT 11.2 – QUESTION 4 (b )

By using the Maclaurin series for find the first

three terms in the series expansion of each of
the following functions.

=+
=+
=
Note :

=
=
 CHECKPOINT 11.2 – QUESTION 7 (c )

Find the first three terms in the series expansion of

each of the following functions.

=
=
=
=
+…
 CHECKPOINT 11.2 – QUESTION 8
If is very small such that the terms in and
higher can be neglected, show that
[ shown ]

+…
 CHECKPOINT 11.2 – QUESTION 10
If is very small such that the terms in and
higher can be neglected, show that
=
=

+…
 STPM 2013 REPEAT PAPER

Using the Maclaurin theorem,

find the expansion of up to the term in .
[5
marks ]
Hence, evaluate .
[ 2 marks ]

 
Let ,

,
Using the quotient rule,

=
=
=
= ,
Using the quotient rule :

= ,

Using the Maclaurin Theorem,

+ +…

= 0 +(1) +(1) + …

=
=

=
 STPM 2014 REPEAT PAPER
If show that
(1
[ 3 marks ]
Show that the Maclaurin’s series for is

[ 7 marks ]
……………. 1

………………….
Square both sides, 2
=
= [ shown ]
By differentiating implicitly,
2+
Divide by
2+
20………………
3
By differentiating implicitly again,
20

2
4
When
From 1 ,
From 2 ,
From 3 , 2
From 4 ,
 Using the Maclaurin Theorem,
+ +…

=
=
STPM 2015 REPEAT PAPER
Show that 1 satisfies the differential equation
=.
Deduce that

and [ 7 marks ]
Find the Maclaurin series for 1 in ascending powers of up to the term in .
[3
marks ]

Hence,
Determine [ 2 marks ]
Approximate the value of correct to five decimal places.
 
[ 3 marks ]
 −1
sin 𝑥
𝑦 =𝑒 −1 … … …1

……………………..
By squaring both sides, 2

=
= [ shown]
 By differentiating implicitly,
2+= 2(
Divide by 2
= (…….. [ shown]

3
 By differentiating implicitly,
=
=…………..
= 4
=……………… [ shown ]

5
 Using the Maclaurin Theorem,
+ +…
When
From 1 , 0

From 2 , ,1

From 3 , 1

From 4 ,

From 5 ,
= 0 + 1( + + +…

=
 =

=
=
= 1
0.1 0.1

∫ (𝑒 −1 ) 𝑑𝑥 ≈ ∫ ( 1 2 1 3 5 4
)
−1
sin 𝑥
𝑥+ 𝑥 + 𝑥 + 𝑥 + … 𝑑𝑥
0 0 2 3 24
+

+]