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Measure of Relative Position

The document discusses z-scores and how they are used to measure the distance of a data point from the mean in units of standard deviation. A z-score is calculated by taking the difference between an observation and the mean and dividing by the standard deviation. Positive z-scores indicate a value above the mean, zero is the same as the mean, and negative is below the mean. An example is provided of calculating z-scores for different IQ test scores given the mean and standard deviation.

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Lance Frago
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239 views5 pages

Measure of Relative Position

The document discusses z-scores and how they are used to measure the distance of a data point from the mean in units of standard deviation. A z-score is calculated by taking the difference between an observation and the mean and dividing by the standard deviation. Positive z-scores indicate a value above the mean, zero is the same as the mean, and negative is below the mean. An example is provided of calculating z-scores for different IQ test scores given the mean and standard deviation.

Uploaded by

Lance Frago
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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MEASURE OF RELATIVE

POSITION (Z - SCORES)
MEASURE OF RELATIVE POSITION

z - score
• A z – score measures the distance between an observation and the mean,
measures in units of standard deviation.
FORMULA:

• If the z – score is positive, the positive score is above the mean. If the z –
score is 0, the score is the same as the mean. If the z – score is negative,
the score is below the mean.
MATHEMATICS IN THE MODERN WORLD
MEASURE OF RELATIVE POSITION
An IQ test has a mean of 105 and a standard deviation of 20.
Find the corresponding z-scores for each IQ.
a) 88 b) 122 c) 110
Solution: Solution: Solution:
𝒙− 𝒙 𝒙−𝒙 𝒙−𝒙
𝒂 ¿ 𝒛 𝒙= 𝒃 ¿ 𝒛 𝒙= 𝒄 ¿ 𝒛 𝒙=
𝒔 𝒔 𝒔

88 − 105 122 − 105 110 − 105


¿ ¿ ¿
20 20 20

𝐳=−𝟎 . 𝟖𝟓 𝐳=𝟎 . 𝟖𝟓 𝐳=𝟎 . 𝟐𝟓

MATHEMATICS IN THE MODERN WORLD


MEASURE OF RELATIVE POSITION
Raul has taken two test in his chemistry class. He scored 72 on the first test, for
which the mean of all scores was 65 and the standard deviation was 8. He
received a 60 on a second test, for which the mean of all scores was 45 and the
standard deviation was 12. In comparison to other students, did Raul do better
on the first test or the second test?
For a score of 72: For a grade of 60:
𝒙−𝒙 𝒙−𝒙
𝒛 𝒙= 𝒛 𝒙=
𝒔 𝒔
72 −65 60 − 45
¿ ¿
8 12
𝐳=𝟎 . 𝟖𝟕𝟓 𝐳=𝟏 . 𝟐𝟓
Raul scored better on the second test than he did on the first test.
MATHEMATICS IN THE MODERN WORLD
MEASURE OF RELATIVE POSITION
A consumer group test a sample of 100 light bulbs. It found that the mean life
expectancy of the bulbs was 842 h, with a standard deviation of 90. One
particular light bulb from the DuraBright Company has a z –score of 1.2. What
was the life span on this light bulb.
𝒙−𝒙
𝒛 𝒙=
𝒔

𝒛 𝒙 =𝟏 .𝟐 𝒙=𝟖𝟒𝟐 𝐬=𝟗𝟎
𝒙 −𝟖𝟒𝟐
𝟏 .𝟐=
𝟗𝟎
𝟏𝟎𝟖=𝐱 −𝟖𝟒𝟐
𝟏𝟎𝟖+𝟖𝟒𝟐=𝐱 −𝟖𝟒𝟐
𝐱=𝟗𝟓𝟎
MATHEMATICS IN THE MODERN WORLD

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