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Tenses

The document discusses the different tenses in English including present, past, and future tenses. It explains that there are three main tenses - present, past, and future - which each have four forms: indefinite, continuous, perfect, and perfect continuous. For each tense and form, it provides examples of affirmative, negative, interrogative, and negative interrogative sentences.

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Anand Kumar
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24 views29 pages

Tenses

The document discusses the different tenses in English including present, past, and future tenses. It explains that there are three main tenses - present, past, and future - which each have four forms: indefinite, continuous, perfect, and perfect continuous. For each tense and form, it provides examples of affirmative, negative, interrogative, and negative interrogative sentences.

Uploaded by

Anand Kumar
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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TENSES

TENSES : MEANING
Tenses are the form taken by a verb to show the
time of an action or the state of an event.

 There are three tenses :


The Present Tense
The Past Tense
The Future Tense.
 Each of the three tenses has four forms or sub-
divisions to show continuity or completeness of
the action and time. These are :
1. Indefinite
2. Continuous or Imperfect
3. Perfect
4. Perfect Continuous
Table Of English Tenses

Tense Indefinite Continuou Perfect Perfect


s Continuou
s
Present Play (s) Is / Am / Are Has / Has / Have
Playing Have been Playing
Played

Past Played Was / Were Had Had been


Playing Played Playing

Future Will / Shall Will / Shall Will / Will / Shall


Play be Playing Shall have been
Have Playing
Played
o The Indefinite Tense does not indicate whether the
action is complete or not.

o The Continuous (Imperfect) Tense that the action is


still going on.

o The Perfect Tense indicates that the action is


complete , finished or perfect.

o The Perfect Continuous Tense indicates that the


action began in the past and is still continuing.
SIMPLE PRESENT TENSE
Subject + Verb1 + Object

Expresses a general truth or an action that is


occurring now
Eg : The sun rises from the east.
Expresses an action that occurs regularly or
habitually
Eg : She goes to the school regularly.
 Affirmative Sentences : They play.

 Negative Sentences : They do not play.

 Interrogative Sentences : Do they play ?

 Negative Interrogative Sentences : Do they not


play ?
PRESENT CONTINOUS TENSE
Subject + Is/Am/Are + V1 + ing +
Object.

The present continuous tense is


used to express an action which is
happening at a particular time in
the present or extending over a
period of present time.
 Affirmative Sentences : You are playing.

 Negative Sentences : You are not playing.

 Interrogative Sentences : Are you playing ?

 Negative Interrogative Sentences : Are you not


playing ?
PRESENT PERFECT TENSE
 Subject + has/have + V3 + Object.
 Has -> Singular , Have -> Plural.

 The present perfect tense denotes an action


that was started in the past and has just been
completed.
 Affirmative Sentences : I have played.

 Negative Sentences : I have not played.

 Interrogative Sentences : Have I played ?

 Negative Interrogative Sentences : Have I not


played ?
PRESENT PERFECT CONTINUOUS
TENSE
 Subject + has/have + been + V1 + ing + Object

 The present perfect tense is used when an


action that started in the past is still
continuing.
 Affirmative Sentences : We have been playing.
 Negative Sentences : We have not been playing.
 Interrogative Sentences : Have we been
playing ?
 Negative Interrogative Sentences : Have we not
been playing ?
SIMPLE PAST TENSE
 Subject + V2 + Object.

 The simple past tense is used for an action


which happened at a particular time in the past.
 Affirmative Sentences : I played.

 Negative Sentences : I did not play.

 Interrogative Sentences : Did I play ?

 Negative Interrogative Sentences : Did I not


played ?
PAST CONTINUOUS TENSE
 Subject + was/were + V1 + ing + Object.

 The past continuous tense is used for an action


which was happening at a particular time in the
past.
 Affirmative Sentences : Boys were playing.

 Negative Sentences : Boys were not playing.

 Interrogative Sentences : Were boys playing ?

 Negative Interrogative Sentences : Were boys


not playing ?
PAST PERFECT TENSE
 Subject + had + V3 + Object.

 The past perfect tense is used to express an


action that was completed before another
action started in the past. It is used with the
earlier of the two actions. The simple past tense
is used with the other action.
 Affirmative Sentences : Sheila had played.

 Negative Sentences : Sheila had not played.

 Interrogative Sentences : Had Sheila played?

 Negative Interrogative Sentences : Had Sheila


not played ?
PAST PERFECT CONTINUOUS TENSE
 Subject + had + been + V1 + Object.

 The past perfect continuous tense is used for an


action that began before a certain point in the
past and continued up to that point.
 Affirmative Sentences : Ria had been playing.

 Negative Sentences : Ria had not been playing.

 Interrogative Sentences : Had Ria been playing?

 Negative Interrogative Sentences : Had Ria not been


playing ?
SIMPLE FUTURE TENSE
 Subject + will/shall + V1 + Object.

 The simple future tense is used for an action


that will take place at particular time in the
future.
 Affirmative Sentences : Ravi will play.

 Negative Sentences : Ravi will not play.

 Interrogative Sentences : Will Ravi play ?

 Negative Interrogative Sentences : Will Ravi not


play ?
FUTURE CONTINUOS TENSE
 Subject + will/shall + be +V1 + ing + Object

 The future continuous tense is used to express


an action which will be in progress at a
particular time in the future.
 Affirmative sentences : I will be playing.

 Negative sentences : I will not be playing.

 Interrogative sentences : Shall I be playing?

 Negative Interrogative Sentences : Shall I not


be playing?
FUTURE PERFECT TENSE
 Subject + shall/will + have + V3 + Object.

 Future perfect tense is used to indicate the


completion of an action by a certain period of
time in the future.
 Affirmative Sentences : She will have played.

 Negative Sentences : She will not have played.

 Interrogative Sentences : Will she have played?

 Negative Interrogative Sentences : Will she not


have played?
FUTURE PERFECT CONTINUOUS
TENSE
 Subject + shall/will +have been + V1 + ing +
Object.

 The future perfect tense is used when an action


is to continue up to a certain point of time in
the future.
 Affirmative Sentences : Raj will have been
playing.

 Negative Sentences : Raj will not have been


playing.

 Interrogative Sentences : Will Raj have been


playing ?

 Negative Interrogative Sentences : Will Raj not


have been playing ?

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