Parvatibai Genba Moze College of Engineering in Wagholi, Pune (412207)

Department of Information technology

TOPIC NAME:
SMART CROP AND FERTILIZER PREDICTION SYSTEM
Presented By:
HOD IT: Prof. Abidali Shaikh - Kajal Patil
- Ganesh Mundlik
Project Co-ordinator: Prof. Supriya More - Akshada Gaikwad
Project Guide: Prof. Geeta Makhija - Pradnya Avhad
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Group ID :11
 Table of Contents
1. Abstract
2. Literature Survey
3. Introduction
4. Objectives
5. Proposed System
6. Dataset Details
7. Methodology/Models
8. System Architecture
9. Waterfall model
10. DFD
11. Result
12. Conclusion
13. Reference
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 Abstract
Agricultural industry plays a major role in the process of economic development
as well as the Gross Domestic Product of India. The lack of scientific approaches
to soil fertility has become a major challenge for the industry. Since most of the
farmers are not familiar with the concepts of soil nutrients, they tend to start their
cultivations by assuming myths and assumptions. The project aims at suggesting
the best crop based on the soil fertility and also recommends a fertilizer plan to
minimize the amount of fertilizers that are needed. The project developed a cross-
platform web application to suggest the best crops according to available soil
fertility. Further, a fertilizer plan will be suggested on the basis of the contents of
NPK Nitrogen (N), Phosphorus (P) and Potassium (K) values to optimize fertilizer
usage in order to increase profitability and avoid soil degradation.

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 Literature Survey
Sr. No. Name of Researchers Paper title Methodology Adopted / Modules Observations Noted
Used

1 Prof. Rakesh Shirsath Agriculture decision 1. Subscription based system 1. Android app with a login module.
support system using 2. ANN 2. Previously planted crops known to
data mining 3. Android application system
4. Personalized content 3. User feedback mechanism
4. Maintenance of crop.

2 Ji-chun Zhao, Jian-xin Big Data Analysis 1. Inference engine. 1. Large database of crops.
Guo Technology 2. Domain expertise 2. Processed using Hadoop.
Application in 3. Knowledge engineering 3. Professional knowledge.
Agricultural 4. Knowledge acquisition 4. Past experiences.
Intelligence Decision module 5. Feature selection using HDFS.
System 5. Knowledge base for 6. Future Scope: Using Hadoop with
recommendation system Artificial Neural Networks.

3 Miftahul Jannat RSF: A 1. Location Detection. 1. Physiographic, thermal, crop growing

Mokarrama Recommendation 2. Data analysis and storage. period, crop production rate
System for Farmers 3. Similar location detection. 2. Seasonal crop database
4. Recommendation generation 3. Similar location detection
module. 4. Generating the set of crops 4
 Literature Survey
Sr. No. Name of Paper title Methodology Adopted / Modules Observations Noted
Researchers Used

4 S.Pudumalar, Crop 1. Random tree 1. Pre-processing of data

E.Ramanujam Recommendation 2. CHAID 2. Handling missing and out-of-range
System for Precision 3. KNN values
Agriculture 4. Naïve Bayes 3. Feature extraction
5. WEKA tool 4. Ensemble model to get higher
accuracy
5. Rule generation

5 Yogesh Gandge, A Study on Various 1. Attribute selection 1. Selection of agricultural field

Sandhya, Data Mining 2. Multiple Linear Regression 2. Selection of crop previously planted
Techniques for Crop 3. Decision Tree using ID3 3. Input from user
Yield Prediction 4. SVM 4. Preprocess
5. Neural Networks 5. Attribute Selection
6. C4.5 6. Classification algorithm on data
7. K-means and KNN 7. Crop is recommended

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 Introduction
● Farming is one of the major sectors that influences a country’s economic growth.
● Many new technologies, such as Machine Learning and Deep Learning, are being
implemented into agriculture so that it is easier for farmers to grow and maximize their
yield.
● In this project, we present a website in which the following applications are
implemented; Crop recommendation and Fertilizer recommendation respectively.
1. In the crop recommendation application, the user can provide the soil data from
their side and the application will predict which crop should the user grow.
2. For the fertilizer recommendation application, the user can input the soil data
and the type of crop they are growing, and the application will predict what the
soil lacks or has excess of and will recommend improvements. 6
 Objectives
● Agriculture is a business with risk and reliable crop yield prediction is vital for decisions related to
agriculture risk management.

● The vision of meeting world's food demands for the increasing population throughout the world is
becoming more important in these recent years.

● Eventually, helps in achieving ZERO hunger.

● Predictions could be used by crop managers to minimize losses when unfavorable conditions may
occur.

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 Proposed System
● The aim of proposed system is to help farmers to cultivate crop for better yield. The crops selected in this
work are based on important crops from selected location.
● The selected crops are Rice, Jowar, Wheat, Soyabean, and Sunflower, Cotton, Sugarcane, Tobacco,
Onion, Dry Chili etc.
● There are 3 process in proposed work:
1. Crop Yield Prediction
2. Fertilizer Recommendation
3. Plant Disease Detection .

Third Party applications are used to get Weather information, Temperature information as well as
Humidity and rainfall.

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 Dataset Details
Dataset We are using is -
Crop Recommendation Dataset -
● This dataset was build by augmenting datasets of rainfall, climate and fertilizer data available for
India.
● Data fields
1. N - ratio of Nitrogen content in soil
2. P - ratio of Phosphorus content in soil
3. K - ratio of Potassium content in soil
4. temperature - temperature in degree Celsius
5. humidity - relative humidity in %
6. ph - ph value of the soil
7. rainfall - rainfall in mm

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 Methodology
We used different Methodology/ML Models and compared them:

1. Decision Tree
2. Random Forest
3. XGBoost

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Decision Tree
● Decision Tree algorithm is to
create a training model that
can use to predict the class or
value of the target variable by
learning simple decision rules
inferred from prior
data(training data). belongs
to the family of supervised
learning algorithms. The goal
of using a Decision Tree
● Accuracy is 90.0 %

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Random Forest
● Random forest is a supervised
learning algorithm. The "forest"
it builds, is an ensemble of
decision trees, usually trained
with the “bagging” method. T
● he general idea of the bagging
method is that a combination of
learning models increases the
overall result.
● Accuracy is 99.09 %

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XGBoost

● XGBoost is a
decision-tree-based
ensemble Machine
Learning algorithm
that uses a gradient
boosting framework.
● Accuracy is 99.31 %

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System Architecture

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Work-flow diagram

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Data Flow diagram (Level 1)

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Data Flow diagram (Level 1)

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 Used Technology

• Front-end: HTML 5, CSS, JavaScript, ReactJS.

• IDE: Visual Studio CODE.

• Backend: Python

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Result Slides ->Home Page

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Home Page (down slide)

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Crop Prediction

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Analyse Result

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Fertilizer

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Fertilizer Result

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Plant Disease Detection

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Plant Disease Detection Result

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 Conclusion
This project highlighted the limitations of current systems and their practical usage on
yield prediction. Then walks through a viable yield prediction system to the farmers, a
proposed system provides connectivity to farmers via a web application. The web
application includes multiple features that users can leverage for the selection of a crop.
The inbuilt predictor system helps the farmers to predict the yield of a given crop. The
inbuilt recommender system allows a user exploration of the possible crops and their yield
to take more educated decisions. For yield to accuracy, various machine learning
algorithms such as Decision Tree, Random Forest, XGBoost were implemented and
tested on the given datasets. Results indicate that XGBoost gives best result.

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 References
➢ [1] S. M. PANDE, P. K. RAMESH, A. ANMOL, B. R. AISHWARYA, K.
ROHILLA and K. SHAURYA, "Crop Recommender System Using
Machine Learning Approach," 2021
➢ [2] S. Bhanumathi, M. Vineeth and N. Rohit, "Crop Yield Prediction and
Efficient use of Fertilizers," 2020
➢ [3] C. P. Wickramasinghe, P. L. N. Lakshitha, H. P. H. S. Hemapriya, A.
Jayakody and P. G. N. S. Ranasinghe, "Smart Crop and Fertilizer
Prediction System," 2019
➢ Etc.

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