UTILIZING

TEXTUAL AIDS
IN READING
TEXTS
MELC WEEK 1 COVERAGE
CAN YOU
GUESS
THESE
STORIES?
CAN YOU
GUESS
THESE
STORIES?
CAN YOU
GUESS
THESE
STORIES?
CAN YOU
GUESS
THESE
STORIES?
QUESTIONS!
 How do you remember stories or events?
 When you read a text, or listen to music, or listen to
stories, what do you do to remember them?
 As
a student, when you study for an oral recitation or for an
exam, what do you do to remember important points?
 OBJECTIVES
a. Know what textual aids are and their purpose in
understanding texts;
b.Enumerate different kinds of textual aids; and
c. use appropriate textual aid in understanding a
text
 UNDERSTANDING A TEXT
TEXTUAL AIDS

 LINEAR  GRAPHIC
 NON-LINEAR  TITLES (Advanced)
ORGANIZERS
Humpty Dumpty sat on the wall.
Humpty Dumpty had a great fall.
All the King’s horses and all the
King’s men,
Could not put Humpty Dumpty
again.
EXAMPLES OF NON-LINEAR TEXTS

PIE CHART
a circular chart which
is divided into
slices or portions to
illustrate proportions.
EXAMPLES OF NON-LINEAR TEXTS

BAR GRAPH
A common type of chart
which presents data with
rectangular bars that differ
in their sizes.
It is usually scaled so all
data could fit on the chart.
EXAMPLES OF NON-LINEAR TEXTS

LINE GRAPH
a common type of
chart which
displays information
as a series of data
points connected by
straight line segments
EXAMPLES OF NON-LINEAR TEXTS

HISTOGRAM
A graphical
distribution of the
numerical data. It
has no gaps
between the bars.
EXAMPLES OF NON-LINEAR TEXTS
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 UNDERSTANDING A TEXT
TEXTUAL AIDS

 LINEAR  GRAPHIC
 NON-LINEAR  TITLES (Advanced)
ORGANIZERS
TITLES
 CAN GIVE YOU AN OVERVIEW OF WHAT THE STORY
IS ABOUT.
 IT
HELPS READERS DECIDE WHETHER YOU CONTINUE
READING OR NOT.
 IT
ALSO PROVIDES CLUES TO THE WRITER’S
ATTITUDE, PERSONAL VIEWPOINT OR APPROACH.
LET’S TRY!
What catchy title can you give them?
 UNDERSTANDING A TEXT
TEXTUAL AIDS

 LINEAR  GRAPHIC
 NON-LINEAR  TITLES (Advanced)
ORGANIZERS
GRAPHIC ORGANIZERS
A graphic organizer is a visual display
that demonstrates relationships between
facts, concepts or ideas.
A graphic organizer helps you illustrate
ideas and facts to make them easier to
understand for the reader.
EXAMPLES OF GRAPHIC ORGANIZERS
TO SHOW
RELATIONSHIP
Cause and Effect Diagram /
Problem-Solution Map /
Fish bone
a relationship between events or
things where one is the result of
the other or others, displays the
nature of problem and how it can
be solved. It contains a problem’s
description, causes and effects.
EXAMPLES OF GRAPHIC ORGANIZERS
TO PUT INTO
CATEGORIES
Concept Map / Spider Web /
Semantic Web
a diagram that depicts suggested
relationship between concepts. It
provides students with the opportunity
to organize conceptual information in
the process of defining a word.
EXAMPLES OF GRAPHIC ORGANIZERS
TO PUT INTO
CATERGORIES
a
EXAMPLES OF GRAPHIC ORGANIZERS
TO PUT INTO
CATEGORIES
Main Ideas and Details
Chart
a chart that shows the hierarchical
relationship between major
concepts and their subordinate
elements.
EXAMPLES OF GRAPHIC ORGANIZERS
TO COMPARE and
CONTRAST
VENN DIAGRAM
comprises of two overlapping
circles and shows all the possible
logical relationship between a set
of items. Introduction by John
Venn in 1980.
 EXAMPLES OF GRAPHIC ORGANIZERS

TO SHOW SEQUENCE
FLOW CHART/SEQUENCE
CHART
a picture of the separate steps of a
process in sequential order. It is a generic
tool that can be adapted for a wide
variety of purposes, and can be used to
describe various process, such as a
manufacturing process, an administrative
or service process or a project plan.
 EXAMPLES OF GRAPHIC ORGANIZERS

TO SHOW SEQUENCE
STORY BOARD/MAP
a strategy that uses a graphic organizer
to help students learn the elements of
a book or story. By identifying story
characters, plot, setting, problem and
solution, students read carefully to
learn the details.
OTHER GRAPHIC ORGANIZERS

LADDER CHART
OTHER GRAPHIC ORGANIZERS

CHAIN CHART
OTHER GRAPHIC ORGANIZERS

CYCLE
CHART
ACTIVITY 1
STUDY THE CHART BELOW AND ANSWER THE QUESTIONS.
1. What is the data about?
2. What kind of graph is being used to present the data?
3. What is the title of the graph?
4. What conclusion can you make from the graph?
Public opinion on receiving vaccinations against coronavirus
(COVID-19) in the Philippines as of May 2021
Directions: Study the given information below and answer the questions
that follow.
According to a May 2021 survey in the Philippines, the
perception of Filipinos in receiving coronavirus (COVID-
19) vaccines were split. During the face-to-face interview
of 1,200 adults, 32 percent of respondents said they were
willing to be vaccinated against the virus with 33 percent
stating they were unwilling to do so. On the other hand,
35 percent of Filipinos were uncertain about it.
1. What is being measured from the survey
conducted?
A. effect of covid-19 to the economy
B. covid-19 cases in the country
C. Filipinos’ willingness in getting vaccinated
D. vaccines administered in the Philippines
 
2. What is the total number of
respondents of the face-to-face survey?
A. 100
B. 120
C. 35
D. 1,200
3. Which of the following reported the highest
percentage?
A. people willing to get vaccinated
B. people uncertain about getting vaccinated
C. people who will probably get the vaccine
D. people expressing certainty in not getting the
vaccine
4. What percentage of people
will surely take the vaccine
when they are called to have
it?

A. 26%B. 23% C. 9% D. 35%

5. From the table above, what can we infer about
Filipinos’ perception on vaccination against covid-19?
A. Filipinos prefer a US-based vaccine.
B. Only few Filipinos believe in vaccines.
C. Many Filipinos are undecided in getting
vaccinated or not.
D. Most Filipinos are confident in getting
vaccinated against covid-19 virus.
QUIZ!
Choose the letter of the correct answer.
1. What type of graph is shown in the illustration at
the right?
A. Line Graph
B. Pie Chart
C. Bar Graph
D. Venn Diagram
2. Which graph plots data using rectangular bars or
columns?
A. Line Graph
B. Bar Graph
C. Pie Chart
D. Venn Diagram
 
 3. Which textual aid highlights the direct
relationship between different events or concepts?
A. Sequence Chart
B. Concept Map
C. Cause-and-Effect Diagram
D. Compare and Contrast Chart
4. Which chart begins with a central idea and
then branches into more and keeps
branching until the main idea is exhausted?
A. Venn Diagram
B. Story Map
C. Flow Chart
D. Main Idea and Details Chart
5. Which graphic organizer is perfect for
writing or reading a short story, understanding
the flow of a series of events, or
understanding how flashbacks fit into a novel?
A. Venn Diagram
B. Story Map
C. Flow Chart
D. Main Idea and Details Chart
6. Which textual aid is appropriate to
use if a learner wants to share the steps
of writing an informative speech?
A. Sequence/Flow Chart
B. Concept Map
C. Cause-and-Effect Diagram
D. Semantic Web
7. Diana’s assignment was to trace the
history of creating vaccines. What textual aid
can help her do her task?
A. Histogram
B. Line Graph
C. Timeline
D. Cause and Effect Diagram
8. Which of the textual aid is
NOT used for showing
sequence?
A. Flow Chart C. Ladder Chart
B. Story Map D. Spider Web
9-10. Give ONE comparative
descriptions between LINEAR
and NON-LINEAR textual aid.
Example: Linear text– read from beginning to end
Non-linear text – it is up to the reader where to start reading.