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Binary Numbers and Logic Gates

This document discusses binary numbers, logic gates, and their applications. It defines binary numbers as a base-2 numeral system using only 0 and 1. It explains the place values in binary numbers and how to convert them to decimal. It then describes seven common logic gates - AND, OR, NOT, NAND, NOR, XOR, and XNOR - through their symbols, logic expressions, and truth tables. It provides examples of converting binary numbers to decimal and completing truth tables for logic gates. The goal is to understand binary numbers, logic gates, and their use in applications like home alarm systems.

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John Paulo De Leon
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© © All Rights Reserved
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Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
109 views

Binary Numbers and Logic Gates

This document discusses binary numbers, logic gates, and their applications. It defines binary numbers as a base-2 numeral system using only 0 and 1. It explains the place values in binary numbers and how to convert them to decimal. It then describes seven common logic gates - AND, OR, NOT, NAND, NOR, XOR, and XNOR - through their symbols, logic expressions, and truth tables. It provides examples of converting binary numbers to decimal and completing truth tables for logic gates. The goal is to understand binary numbers, logic gates, and their use in applications like home alarm systems.

Uploaded by

John Paulo De Leon
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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BINARY NUMBERS

AND LOGIC GATES


Quarter 2- Module 1
Lesson Objectives
At the end of this module, you are expected to:
1. identify the place value for each bit in a binary number;
2. convert binary numbers to decimal numbers;
3. differentiate the seven logic gates such as AND, OR, NOT,
NAND, NOR, XOR, and XNOR in terms of their symbol,
logic expression, and truth table; and
4. appreciate the importance of utilizing AND gates in the
home alarm systems.
BINARY
Binary

◦ Binary is a number system having only two symbols,


0 and 1. It is sometimes called base 2 or radix 2.
◦ “ Ones ” is the digit to the left of the radix point.
◦ The next digit to the left is a “twos” digit; then the
“fours” digit.
Binary

◦ Going farther to the left, the digits represent 8, 16,


32, 64, 128, and so on, increasing twice as much
every time.
◦ To the right of the radix point, the value of each digit
is divided in two, again and again, that is, ½, ¼, 1/8,
1/16, 1/32,1/64, and so on.
Example

◦ Example: 1101000
A single binary digit (like "0" or "1") is called a
"bit". For example, 1101000 is seven bits long. In the
decimal system, there are ones, tens, hundreds, etc.
While in the binary there are ones, twos, fours, eights,
and so on.
Seatwork Number 1.

Convert the following to decimal:


1.101101.0101
2.001101.1001
3.10101.111
4.1000111.1001
5.10111.00111
Seatwork Number 1.

Convert the following to decimal:


1.101101.0101= 45.03125
2.001101.1001= 13.5625
3.10101.111= 21. 875
4.1000111.1001= 71.5625
5.10111.00111= 23.11875
LOGIC GATES
Logic Gates

◦ Logic gates perform logical functions and are


fundamental building blocks of digital integrated
circuits.
◦ Most logic gates consist of two inputs and one output
and are based on Boolean algebra.
Logic Gates

◦ Binary numbers can be used to represent the result of


logical operations. The inputs and outputs to logic
gates are either 1 or 0, which stands for ON and OFF,
high or low voltage, yes or no, and true or false.
AND Gate

◦ The AND gate


forms an output of
1, only when all its
inputs are 1s.
OR Gate

◦ An OR gate gives
a 1 output if any of
its inputs are 1s.
NAND Gate

◦ A NAND gate
forms from a
combined AND
gate and NOT
gate.
NAND Gate

◦ A NOR forms from


the combined OR
gate and inverter.
XOR Gate

◦ The exclusive OR
is different when
both inputs are 1s
or 0s. In that case,
the output is a 0.
XNOR Gate

◦ Another less
common and still
important gate is
the XNOR gate
(exclusive NOR).
Seatwork Number 2

Completion of the truth table by analysis.


◦ Directions: Complete the truth tables by writing 1 if
the light bulb is ON, and 0 if the light bulb is OFF.
Then, answer the questions that follow.

ON (1) and OFF (0)


AND Gate
XOR Gate
NAND Gate

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