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Biomass Recovery

This document discusses biomass recovery and provides information about rice biomass residues. It describes that rice straw, hull, and bran are common rice biomass residues that can be used. The document then discusses various ways that rice residues like straw and hull can be utilized, such as for organic fertilizer, fuel, animal bedding, and making carbonized rice hull which has multiple agricultural and household uses. It also discusses processing food waste into fermented kitchen garbage using effective microorganisms to reduce odor and produce a nutrient-rich fertilizer.

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Rayge Harbsky
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31 views

Biomass Recovery

This document discusses biomass recovery and provides information about rice biomass residues. It describes that rice straw, hull, and bran are common rice biomass residues that can be used. The document then discusses various ways that rice residues like straw and hull can be utilized, such as for organic fertilizer, fuel, animal bedding, and making carbonized rice hull which has multiple agricultural and household uses. It also discusses processing food waste into fermented kitchen garbage using effective microorganisms to reduce odor and produce a nutrient-rich fertilizer.

Uploaded by

Rayge Harbsky
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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BIOMASS

RECOVERY
TIJANI B.
AUXTERO
DA - CARAGA
What is Biomass ?
• Biomass is the organic matter
derived from plants & animals in
the form of biomass residues,
including by-products & wastes.

• Most common are bagasse, rice


hull/husk & coconut shell/husk.
Rice Biomass
 Straw (stubbles)
 Hull (or husk)
 Bran
Rice Straw
• Cheap sources of organic fertilizer
• Contains entire elements taken up by the rice plant
• 5-ton yield: 5-ton straw =
* 25-40 kg N ( 1 - 1.75 bags Urea 46-0-0
/ 2.3 - 3.8 bags Ammosol 21-0-0 )

* 3-6 kg P ( .3 - .65 bags 0-18-0 )


* 60-85 kg K ( 2 -2.85 bags Muriate of K 0-0-
60 )
2-5 kg S 200-350 kg Si 2000 kg C
+ several other nutrients upon total decomposition
Effects of burning rice straw
• Loss of about 25% P, 20% K, 5-60% S,
and almost all N
• Kills beneficial soil microorganisms
directly through heat &
indirectly by removing their food source
• Adds pollution to the environment
(However, burning transforms straw into a
mineral K nutrient source)
Compost your rice straw right in your field . .
 Water and plow the field first before spreading rice
straw.
 After spreading the RS, apply Bokashi at 20
sacks/ha, then apply 1 liter EMAS (1:100 dilution
rate) at 10 tankloads / ha.
 Maintain water level at 2-5 cm level.
 Incorporate RS 3-5 days later. The other harrowing
is done the usual way.
 Transplanting or seeding can be done within 3-4
weeks after RS incorporation.
Rice Hull/Husk
• By-product of milling (approx.
20% by weight)

Current Practices
• Dumping / open burning along road
sides
• Dumping in water ways, open lots
Conventional Uses of Rice Hull
• Fuel
• Mulch in
garden
• Bedding in
poultry and
livestock
• Land fills
• Ice
preservation
GASIFIER STOVE
MALIGAYA RICE HULL STOVE
RICE HULL CARBONIZATION

Open type carbonizer:

• Convert 12 bags RH
into 7.8 bags CRH in
3-4 h

• 65% product
conversion
• Carbonizer
chamber (20-L
oil can; 30~40
holes)

• Chimney ( 8 cm
diameter; #22
GI metal sheet)
Carbonization . . . an incomplete or partial
burning of rice hull
CRH Carbonizer
Converts rice hull
into carbonized rice
hull that can be
used for seedbed
preparation, organic
fertilizer, soil
conditioner and
others
Smoke trap
• Sawdust is a
good medium
to filter smoke
• Smoke tar
for insect
repellant
Carbonized Rice Hull / Husk
(CRH)
* it is porous & bulky (high air permeability), with
uniform intact black particles
* Contains phosphorous (P), potassium (K), calcium
(Ca), magnesium, & other micronutrients vital to
growing crops.
* Prolongs soil and water temp – absorbs heat
* Enhances water retention – 5X by weight
* Excellent host for beneficial microorganisms -
sterilized and free from pathogens
As Soil
Conditioner USES . . .
- replenishes the
nutrients & other
microelements
lost in the soil
due to continuous
use of
commercial
fertilizer in large
amounts. Hence,
the soil become
more friable,
which add vigor
to crops
 In rice production, incorporating 100-150 kg of CRH
with chicken manure into the seedbed makes pulling of
seedlings easier, thereby preventing the cutting of roots
& ensure healthy crop growth when transplanted.
As organic
Fertilizer
• When mixed
with other
bioorganic
materials,
CRH makes a
good source
of organic
fertilizer
As base material for
making microbial
inoculants (MI)

• When 30-50%
of this is
mixed with
other MI’s, it
becomes more
useful
 Naturally, it is a habitat for beneficial
microorganisms that facilitate composting of
bioorganic fertilizers from kitchen waste, dried
branches & leaves of trees, rice straw, &other
biodegradable wastes
As pest control agent

* It also contains silica that irritates the golden


kuhol. When applied as basal fertilizer after
final levelling, snails are forced to come out,
making handpicking of these faster & easier

As charcoal for fuel


 Charcoal briquettes from
CRH are good alternative
source of fuel.
As water purifier
• Activated carbon from CRH
attracts & collects the dirty
particles in water, thus, making
it effective in purifying
household/drinking water

As medicine for
diarrhea
 When mixed with feeds,
CRH regulates & stops
scouring of piglets
• Waste is a potential source of
alternative, affordable & sustainable
energy, recyclable articles & fertilizers

• Food waste is kitchen garbage that


includes fish & animal entrails/cleanings,
meat scraps, egg shells, discarded
vegetables & trimmings, fruits & fruit
peels, & left over foods in the
households, restaurants, schools or in
market places, etc.
• Farm wastes include plant materials &
animal residues

Plant
materials . . .
Rice/corn/wheat bran, maize flour,
rice/wheat/corn straw, oil cake, cotton seed cake,
pressmud, chopped crop residues and weeds,
dried sea weed, rice/bean husks, bagasse, saw
dust, coconut fiber and husks, and empty fruit
bunches of oil palm and post harvest residues
such as peels of fruits in food industries
Animal residues . . .
Chopped fish/bone meal, animal dung,
crab shell, wastes from meat industries
and chopped dead livestock.

It is best to have a balance between plant


and animal materials in the ratio of 1~3 : 1.
Processing Garbage
in the Household
Fermentation-decomposition • EM technology
pathway converts
• Improve nutrient quality garbage into
• Reduce foul odor valuable
• Enhance decomposition materials such
• Reduce toxicants as quality
fertilizer and
• Improve nutrient quality feed
supplement
through the
process of
fermentation.
Directions in making
Fermented Kitchen Garbage (FKG)
1. Break or chop
garbage into small 7. Compress to release excess air
pieces 8. Put lid (anaerobic condition)
2. Drain excess water
9. Remove leacheate everyday
3. Sprinkle EMBI into
the bucket 10. When the bucket is full, let it
ferment for 1 week
4. Place garbage
11. Fermented garbage smells
5. Sprinkle handful of
sweet-sour
EMBI
6. Mix the garbage
a. FKG juice. . .
• a nutrient-rich foliar
fertilizer with active
microorganisms
• mix it with water a
1:200 - 500 dilution
rate for spraying or
watering flowering
plants and vegetables
• also good for
cleansing lavatories,
comfort rooms and
sinks
Composting
FKG in
planters
Backyard
gardening
using FKG
Backyard Composting
• Make a hallow
block
enclosure
• Place a layer
of leaf
droppings
• Sprinkle EMBI
(bokashi)
• Place another
layer of
weeds
• Sprinkle EMBI
Credits:
Photos & Content:
PhilRice CES &
PhilRice Agusan

Accessed:
PhilRice Website
February 17, 2020
THANK YOU!!!
KEEP SAFE!!!

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