The document discusses how earthquakes and volcanic eruptions can change the Earth's surface, with earthquakes occurring due to the movement of tectonic plates and volcanic eruptions resulting from a build-up of pressure underground. These seismic and volcanic events can cause damage through earth movements, tsunamis, landslides and lava flows, negatively impacting humans, animals and plants near the affected areas. The document also provides information on earthquake and volcano types and recommends preparedness for natural disasters.
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Science 6 Q4 Week 1 Day 1
The document discusses how earthquakes and volcanic eruptions can change the Earth's surface, with earthquakes occurring due to the movement of tectonic plates and volcanic eruptions resulting from a build-up of pressure underground. These seismic and volcanic events can cause damage through earth movements, tsunamis, landslides and lava flows, negatively impacting humans, animals and plants near the affected areas. The document also provides information on earthquake and volcano types and recommends preparedness for natural disasters.
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Changes Due to Earthquakes
and Volcanic Eruptions
(SCIENCE 6 Q4-WEEK 1) •Describe the changes on the Earth’s surface as a result of earthquakes and volcanic eruptions. Forces that Affect Changes on the Earth’s Surface / The Effects of Earthquakes and volcanic Eruptions In this lesson, you will learn how earthquakes and volcanic eruptions change the Earth’s surface. Also, you will understand the effects of these calamities to humans, plants, animals, and properties. The movement of plates on the crust is often accompanied by earthquakes and volcanic eruptions. An earthquake is the shaking of the ground. Earthquakes happen when the crustal plates move. As these plates move, some parts of the earth’s crust are pushed toward each other or away from each other. Their movement causes nearby rocks to move as well. These rocks break and slide past each other. When the rocks break, waves of energy are released and sent out through the Earth. These waves trigger an earthquake. The motion of the ground during an earthquake is measured by an instrument called a seismograph. There are two types of earthquakes. These are the volcanic earthquake and tectonic earthquake. A volcanic earthquake happens with a strong volcanic eruption. A tectonic earthquake is caused by the movement of the earth’s crust. A tectonic earthquake may occur above ground or beneath the ocean. TECTONIC EARTHQUAKE Strong earthquakes or shaking of the ground can loosen the soil and rocks and can cause disastrous landslide and destruction to properties and surroundings above the ground. Earthquake and sudden upward movement of the seafloor during faulting (crack) along a plate boundary cause the water to rush upward then huge surface waves are created and can reach a nearby coast. This is known as TSUNAMI – (a Japanese word for “bay or harbor wave”) a gigantic wave sometimes 150 km. long traveling at about 180 km/h and increases in height while traveling, rising as high as 30m as it approaches shore. When a tsunami is about to come, water is first observed to move out to sea uncovering long stretches of coastal bottom. In a few minutes giant waves rush and carrying everything within reach back to the sea. VOLCANIC ERUPTION How does a volcanic eruption occur? When tectonic plates collide, massive rocks underground deform and trigger a build-up of temperature and pressure. The high temperature and pressure results in the melting of rocks, producing magma. Inside the volcano is a magma chamber. Molten rock inside this chamber is forcefully driven out by the intense heat and pressure. The release of magma from the crater is called volcanic eruption. The magma that flows out of the surface is called lava. When volcano erupts, it throws out lava together with gases, rocks, and ashes. Region IV-A CALABARZON has numerous volcanoes. These volcanoes are Banahaw which is located in boundaries of Laguna and Quezon provinces, and Taal located in the province of Batangas that has recently been active with records of hydrovolcanic activity last January 2020 that produces numerous recorded earthquakes within and across the province of Batangas. The PHIVOLCS categorized Philippine volcanoes into active volcanoes, potentially active volcanoes, and inactive volcanoes. Home Based Activity Do the following task
Learning Task 2: Describe the different changes on the
Earth’s surface as results of earthquakes and volcanic eruption. Write down your observations from the pictures below.
Learning Task 4: Answer the following questions in
relation to the information learned from the lesson. Do these on your answer sheet. Copy:
Remember that both earthquakes and volcanic
eruptions bring changes to Earth’s surface. These may bring different effects to people, animals, and plants but these natural phenomena are beyond human’s control. All we can do is to manifest preparedness during emergencies where there are earthquakes and volcanic eruptions. HOME-BASED ACTIVITY Learning Task 5: Make a photo collage of the different changes/effects of a volcanic eruption and earthquake to people, properties, plants and animals. Do this in a short bond paper.