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8 ELT T3 Grammar Revision

Here are the answers with the verbs in brackets in the appropriate past or past perfect form: 1. I washed my hands after I had cleaned the dishes. 2. My parents were angry because John had not finished his schoolwork. 3. Jane called the police because someone had broken into her house. 4. John had been an artist before he became ill.

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0% found this document useful (0 votes)
127 views76 pages

8 ELT T3 Grammar Revision

Here are the answers with the verbs in brackets in the appropriate past or past perfect form: 1. I washed my hands after I had cleaned the dishes. 2. My parents were angry because John had not finished his schoolwork. 3. Jane called the police because someone had broken into her house. 4. John had been an artist before he became ill.

Uploaded by

Maryam
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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English Language

Assessment Coverage
Level 6.1
Grade 8 Advanced
Grade 8 Elite
Term 3 2022 - 2023
Contents
How to use this resource 01

Assessment coverage 02

Preparation - grammar 03

Preparation – functional language 04


How to use this resource

The slides within this resource, although detailed, are designed to


be used as a starting point for teachers to construct lessons
around the language points that are explored here. The slides are
intended to be used individually as a resource within a lesson and
to be incorporated as part of instruction incrementally throughout
the term to ensure that students have been exposed to all the
language points in the coverage ahead of their end of term exam.
Therefore, the PowerPoint should not be presented at a single
event or in its entirety. Some functional language points may
overlap with grammatical points in the coverage, and in that case,
it is possible to combine slides. However, this resource should be
considered to be a collection of individual slides that teachers can
use to enhance students’ learning.
Within this document, you will find information about the coverage for
this term. The lexis family that assessments will contain is mentioned
as well as the particular grammatical and functional language points
that will be tested in the exams at the end of this term. In the
preparation sections, you will find examples and explanations for the
grammatical and functional language points that will be assessed this
term.

The grammar preparation section has an example sentence that


illustrates the grammatical point. It follows this with an explanation of
the meaning of the example sentence. Next, the specific grammatical
structure used within the example sentence is detailed followed by an
explanation of the circumstances under which the particular structure
is used. More example sentences using the structure are given at the
end of the slide.

In the functional language preparation section, there are examples of


the particular language point followed by an explanation of how the
particular are used. In the associated grammar section, language
points that comprise the structure or can be used to in conjunction with
the language point to express the stipulated function are detailed.
Term 3 Assessment
Coverage
Term 3 Assessment Coverage
Topic(s): Food and drink, business, culture and traditions

ECFE Grammar GSE Grammar Functional Language

Can use the past perfect in a range of


Past time: past perfect
common situations.

Can use 'I wish/if only' to express wishes


Conditionals: I wish/if only related to the present or future. Expressing opinion

Can describe present or future outcomes of


Conditionals: first / second conditional a hypothetical situation using 'even if'. Expressing agreement and disagreement

Can use a wide range of common reporting


verbs with 'that' + complement clause and Making predictions and hypothesising
Reported speech: reporting verbs
appropriate tense changes.

Can use 'must have …' to express


Modals: present modals (deduction) inferences and assumptions about the past.
Term 3:
Preparation – Grammar
Past Time:
1- Past perfect
Now
mother cooked dinner I got home

Past Present Future

By the time I got home, my mother had already cooked dinner.

The sentence describes two actions that happened in the past. Cooking dinner was
Meaning
finished before getting home.

Grammatical Past time: past perfect


structure had + past participle
We can use the past perfect when we want to talk about two completed past actions. We
use the past perfect when an action happens before another past action. We can also
Usage
use it when we want to say an action was completed up to a certain time in the past. In
the example below, the man was a teacher for 10 years then changed his job.
I had fallen asleep before the end of the movie.
Other examples He had worked as a teacher for 10 years before he became a principal.
She hadn’t been to the hotel before she began working there.
11
h e t ab l e !
Fill in t
Base Verb Past Simple Past Participle
Irregular Verbs
do (does) did done
go
went gone
know
knew known Past Perfect:
drink
drank drunk had + past
eat
participle
choose ate eaten
break chose chosen
fly broke broken
flew flown
he t ab l e !
Fill in t
Base Verb Past Simple Past Participle
Regular Verbs

clean cleaned cleaned


play played played
watch watched watched Past Perfect:
had + past
participle
The rule

• Subject + had + past participle


I , you, they , we, she , he , it

• I had gone to the party.


• They had played music.
Fill
in t h
blan e
ks!

1 2

past perfect past tense

hadn’t studied failed


hadn’t
failed
studied
He _________ the test because he ______________.
(fail) (study)
So, what is past perfect & when to use it?

•An action (A) happened before another action


(B) in the past.
•Use it to talk about things that happened
before an event in the past.
B A
• e.g. When I woke up, my mother had already
prepared breakfast for me.
What are the two verbs in this sentence?
When I woke up, my mother had already prepared
breakfast for me.
Lookaction
Which at thehappened
time word!
first?
Example time
(“wake up”word: when, before,
or “prepare” after,How
breakfast?) because,
do webyknow?
the time

A B
prepare breakfast wake up
Do you still remember the structure?
• subject + had + verb (past participle) + object

gone They mall. had the to


not/never

n tio n to
Pay a tte
O & S V A
you r SV
O b je c t
V er b
Sub
Look at the timeline to find out which action happened
first, then complete the sentence.
didn’t have
I _____________(not have) any money because I
had left
_____________(leave) my bag at home.
Which action happened first?
“not have” or “leave” my bag?

leave my bag no money


A B
Look at the timeline to find out which action happened
first, then complete the sentence.
played
had cleaned (clean) my room before I _________
I ___________
(play) basketball at the park.

Which action happened first?


“clean room” or “play”?

clean room play

A B
Look at the timeline to find out which action happened
first, then complete the sentence.
arrived (arrive) after they
The birthday boy __________
had eaten (eat) his birthday cake.
___________

Which action happened first?


“arrive” or eat”?

eat cake boy arrives

A B
Exercise
Put the verbs in brackets using the simple past or past perfect form. Write them
in your notebook.

had cleaned
washed (wash) my hands after I ___________
1. I _________
(clean) the dishes.
were (are) angry because John
2. My parents ________
had not finished (don’t finish) his schoolwork.
_____________
called (call) the police because someone
3. Jane _________
had broken (break) into her house.
_________
became
had been (be) an artist before he _________
4. John _________
(become) a musician.
Exercise
Put the verbs in brackets using the simple past or past perfect form. Write them
in your notebook.

5. Where were had seen (see) you


you (you/be) after I _________
_________
at the park?
had known (know) each other for a
6. My grandparents _________
got
year before they _________ (get) married.
played
7. My sister _________ had finished
(play) a lot after she _________
(finish) the midterm exam.
had she drunk (she/drink) before
8. How many coffees ____________
the interview?
Write 1-3 sentences using PAST PERFECT TENSE

Remember to use time word!


Example time word: when, before, after, because, by the time

1-
2-
3-

24
Conditionals:

2- I wish/ if
only
I wish you cooked traditional food more often.

The speaker wished that the cook prepared more food like the food that used to be
Meaning
eaten in the past.

Grammatical Conditionals (second): I wish/if only


structure ‘wish/if only’ + VP (past simple)

We can use ‘wish’ and ‘if only’ with past simple to talk about something we would like to
Usage
change. ‘If only’ is usually a bit stronger than wish.
I wish I found healthy food as enjoyable as fast food.
Other examples If only she knew how unhealthy pizza was!
If only I made lugaimat like my mother makes it.
EXPRESSING A WISH:

 Use: To express a wish in the present or in the future. The simple past here is
an unreal past.

 Form:
 If only / I wish + simple past

I wish I knew how to use a computer.


 e.g. If only I knew how to use a computer. (I don’t know how to use a
computer and I would like to learn how to use it)
 *When you use the verb to be the form is “were”. e.g. I wish I were a
millionaire!
How to Use Wish in English Grammar

Wish + Past Simple


To express that we want a situation in the present (or future) to be
different.

Examples:

• I wish I ate more vegetables. (I don’t eat more vegetables.)


• He wishes he had a new house. (He does not have a new house.)
• They wish it was August. (It isn’t August.)
• I wish I had a bigger car. (Because my car is too small).
• I wish it was the summer holidays (but it isn’t – I’m still at school).

Can you write 3 sentences using wish


Conditionals:

3- First/second
conditional
ZERO

FIRST

SECOND

THIRD
Even if I practise very hard, I will not be able to cook as well as my mother.

The second clause is talking about a likely outcome. Whether the person works hard or
Meaning
not, they will still not be better than their mother.

Grammatical Conditionals (first / second)


structure ‘even if’ + first/second conditional
We can use ‘even if’ with a conditional to say that if the condition happens or not, the
outcome will be the same. When we want to talk about an outcome that is real and
Usage
possible, we use first conditional. Second conditional is used to describe a situation that
is unlikely.
Even if you take a taxi, you’ll still be late.
Other examples Even if they have very little, the family will always eat well.
I would still go to university, even if I had no money.
If clause Main clause
If + Present tense will / can / may / must + verb

If I go to London,
I will see the Big Ben.
FIRST CONDITIONAL
If I see a lion, I will run away.
present simple will + infinitive
IF CLAUSE + PRESENT SIMPLE MAIN CLAUSE
go /goes / will + infinitive
don’t go / doesn’t go

I will run away If I see a lion.


FIRST CONDITIONAL
is used to talk about something that is
quite likely to happen in the future.
There is a big possibility for the
condition
to be fulfilled.
If I go to London …
I will see the Big Ben.
If I go to Buckingham Palace,
I will take a photo of the Royal Guard.

I Will take a photo of the Royal Guard If I go to Buckingham Palace


If you go to London,
you will look right before crossing a street

You will look right before crossing a Street If you go to London


If clause Main clause
If + Past Simple would / could / might + verb

If I were an astronaut,
I would travel in a spaceship.
SECOND CONDITIONAL
If I saw a lion,I would run away.
past simple would + infinitive
IF CLAUSE + PAST SIMPLE MAIN CLAUSE

saw / didn’t see would + infinitive

I would run away If I saw a lion.


SECOND CONDITIONAL
is used to talk about a present situation
which is impossible or very unlikely to
happen. It is very unlikely for the
condition to be fulfilled.
If I were an astronaut, I would travel in a spaceship.

I would travel in a spaceship If I were an astronaut


If I travelled in a spaceship,
I would go to Mars.
If I went to Mars,
I would meet a Martian.
Nice to
meet you!
If I met a Martian,
I wouldn’t understand him.

? IfI
aved
If I didn’t understand him,
I would come back to the Earth.
Ex.1. Complete the sentences using the correct form of verb
from the brackets (1st Conditional)
learn
1.If you___________(learn) English, you ___________
will be able to (be able to) work in England.
will borrow
2.They ____________(borrow) want
a bus if they _________(want) to travel around the world.
practises
3.If she____________(practise) will play
regularly, she _________(play) very well.
4.He__________________(not
won’t need is
need) an instrument if he _____________(be) a good
singer.
5.If I ____________(share)
share it with my friends, I________(enjoy)
will enjoy the music more.
6.If they_____________(come)
come to their house later, their
mum____________________(cook)
will cook them dinner.
7.If you_____________(not
aren’t able to be able to) play volleyball, you___________(arrive)
will arrive late.
will take
8.Her parents______________(take) her to the beach this summer if doesn’t fail
she____________(not fail) any tests.
go
9.If you____________(go) shopping after school, you__________(buy)
will buy a magazine.
Ex.2. Fill in the gaps using the Second
conditional would get
1. If I…………(study)
studied harder, I…..(get) to Oxford University.
had Would go
2. If she…….(have) a bike, she………..(go) on a trip with us.
Would bought
3. We………..(make)
make
a pizza if we…………(buy) all the ingredients.
Would
4. If my dad……………….(can)
could speak English, he………..(go)
go
to England.
checked Would
5. If I………(check) the time, I……………(not
not be be) late for work.
Would
6. If Paul………………(take) driving lessons, he……………(go)
took
go to work by car.
Would had
7. We………….(stay) longer if we……..(have) time.
stay
4- Reported
speech
She reminded me that it is always important to thank your hosts.

The speaker is referring to a past conversation when they were advised about customs
Meaning
to follow.

Grammatical Reported speech: reporting verbs


structure reporting verbs + ‘that’ + complement clause

We can use reported statements to repeat what someone had previously said or to
Usage
report facts.
He told me that he’d report me to the principal.
Other examples She said that we should come back later.
I confirmed that I’d already finished my work.
Reported Speech
?What is it? How do we use it
.Yesterday I saw Sara
She told me that she
got 10/10 in her
.English exam

..Today
..Yesterday
:We often use reported speech to

.Give someone a telephone message .1 •


For example: Maha said that she couldn’t come today •
.because she was sick

Tell someone news that we heard from .2 •


.someone else
.For example: Nora told me that Amal graduated •

.To repeort something that happened earlier .3 •


For example: Ahmad said that the other driver ran the red •
.light and hit his car
How Do we use Reported
?Speech
When we use Reported Speech, we are •
usually talking about something that
.happened in The Past

Therefore, Verbs usually change to the* •


.past
In Reported Speech you should use
:this structure
…………………… Someone said ( that )

:Or

…………………… Someone told me ( that )


Reported speech

Introductory verbs

She told me He said They explained We informed her


(that…) (that…) (that..) (that..)

I pointed out She whispered


She added (that..) He claimed (that..)
(that…) (that..)

They thought
(that..)
When do we use
the reported speech?
 Sometimes someone says a sentence…
For example:
"I am going to the cinema tonight."
 Later, maybe we want to tell someone else
what the first person said.
When do we use
the reported speech?
He told me he was
going to the cinema
that night.
Remember to change these

CAN COULD
WILL WOULD
AM IS ARE WAS WERE
HAVE HAS HAD HAD
WAS WERE HAD BEEN
Verb Tense Changes:
' I know quite a lot of Present Simple knew
He said that he ......................
people here.’ Robert said. Simple Past quite a lot of people there

'John is feeling much Present Past was


He said that John ...............
better ‘ Paul said. feeling much better
Continuous Continuous .............
.......
' I enjoyed my holiday in Simple Past had enjoyed
He said that he ......................
the States’ David said. Past Perfect his holiday in the States

'Jackie wasn´t feeling very Past Past He said that Jackie…………… had
been feeling
................................very well
well ‘ The teacher said. Continuous Perf.Cont.
' They‘ve seen the Eiffel Present Past had
He said that they …….........
Tower ‘ John said. Perfect Perfect ..................
seen the Eiffel Tower

' I have been waiting for Present Per. Past Perf. had been
He said that he ......................
ages ‘ My father said. Cont. Cont. waiting
…………...for ages

' Nobody had warned them Past Past He said that


about the storm ‘ He said. Perfect Perfect had warned
nobody .................... about
the storm
' She had been reading Past Perf. Past Perf. She said that she had
all day ‘Brenda said. Cont. been
…………… reading ........................ all
Cont. day
The Reported Speech...
If the sentence starts in the past, pay attention to the
following transformations…

From To
this (evening) that (evening)
today/this day that day
these (days) those (days)
now then
(a week) ago (the week) before
the weekend before / the previous
last weekend
weekend
here there
next (week) the following (week)
tomorrow the next/following day
The Reported Speech...
Put the sentences in the Reported Speech.

1. “I’m having a party tonight.”


(that) he was having a party that night.
He said __________________________________
2. “John is so happy.”
(that) John was so happy.
Mary said ________________________________
The Reported Speech...
Put the sentences in the Reported Speech.

3. “They are going to meet Susan at four.”


(that) they were going to meet Susan at 4.
She said __________________________________
4. “I don’t understand anything!”
(that) he didn’t understand anything.
John explained ______________________________
The Reported Speech...
Put the sentences in the Reported Speech.

5. “I will write to my parents.”


(that) he would write to his parents.
Tom said __________________________________
6. “Jane has already been to France.”
(that) she had already been to France.
John explained _______________________________
My brother must have eaten all the cake. The plate is empty.

When he sees an empty plate, the speaker concludes that the cake has been eaten by
Meaning
his brother.

Grammatical Modals: present modals (deduction)


structure subject + modal (‘must have’) + perfect participle for inferences about the past

The modal ‘must’ combined with ‘have’ can be used to make conclusions or
Usage
observations about past situations.
She must have made a mistake.
Other examples He’s very good at running. He must have trained hard.
It must have rained last night. The roads are wet.
66
Speculating about past events

It must have been a spaceship.


Imagine that you go to your friend's house, but when you knock on her door
there is no answer. You then notice that her car is not there, so the conclusion you
come to is that she must have gone out.

Let's take a look at that last part again: she must have gone out

(must + have + past participle)

This form is used when we are speculating about past events i.e. we don't know for sure what
happened, but have an idea.
Let's look at some other examples:

'Paul looks tired, he must have been out late last night.’ (be)

‘I must have won the race if I had trained harder.’ .’ (win)

‘He must have gotten really sick if he hadn't started taking care of his health.’ .’ (get)

'She must have taken the day off, because I haven't seen her today. .’ (take)

'I saw a strange light in the sky last night. It must have been a spaceship!’ .’ (be)
Complete with the correct form:

• must have had


She looks sad. She ________________ some bad news. (have)
• Must have stopped
It ___________________ raining. (stop)
• must have known
She ____________________ my name already. (know)
• He ____________________them
must have taken in his car. (take)
• The bird is gone, it __________________ away. (fly)
must have flown
• He __________________
must have hurt himself after falling off his bike. (hurt)
• The sign is missing, they ___________________ it. (remove)
must have removed
Write 1-3 sentences using must have

(must + have + past participle)

1-
2-
3-

71
Term 3:
Preparation – Functional Language
In my opinion, Paris has better restaurants than New York.
From my point of view, a burger is much tastier than pasta.
I’m certain that you will enjoy your meal at Al Fanar.
According to Time Out magazine, the most popular cafe in Dubai is Nette.

Functional
Expressing opinion
language point

Associated
Pronouns, comparatives, intensifiers, modals
grammar
I completely agree / disagree.
I think you’re right / wrong.
That’s a good point, but the information isn’t correct.
I can see what you mean, but I think you’re wrong.
Let’s agree to disagree.

Functional
Expressing agreement and disagreement
language point

Associated
Present simple, noun phrase, modals
grammar
Can you guess what this means? (speculating)
I’d bet that dish costs more than 100AED. (speculating)
I think the new restaurant will be very popular. (speculating)
She must be eating dinner. She’s not answering her phone. (making deductions)
She must have left early. She got there before me. (making deductions)

Functional
Speculating and making deductions
language point

Associated
Modals, conditionals, questions, present simple, present continuous
grammar
Thank you

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