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CBL CMT School

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29 views

CBL CMT School

Uploaded by

Deandro
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Cement Bond Logging

HYSTORY OF CBL
 Bond logging provide quantitative information about
effectiveness of cementing operation

 Earliest : Standard sonic log and cycle skipping

 Late 1950 : Schlumberger introduced early log with amplitude


curve represent casing sound signal

 Early 1960 : Welex introduced two-amplitude curve


technique

 Mid 1960 : Welex introduced the Variable Density Log (VDL)


as Micro-Seismogram (MSG)
CBL TOOL DESCRIPTION
ACOUSTIC THEORY

• Transmitter: Electrical
Energy Converted to Sonic
Mechanical Energy.

• Receiver: Detects the Sonic


Waveform and Transforms
Mechanical Energy into
Electrical Energy.
ACOUSTIC SIGNAL TRAVEL PATH

• Through the fluid


column
• Through fluid-casing-
fluid
• Through fluid-casing-
cement - casing - fluid
• Through fluid-casing-
cement- formation-
cement-casing-fluid
BASIC MEASUREMENT

 Casing Signal Amplitude


 Micro-Sismogram (Variable density Log)
 Travel time
Casing Signal Amplitude
Amplitude (mV)

Time
uSec

Amplitude (mV)

Time
uSec
Casing Signal Amplitude

Amplitude (mV)

Poor cement bond

CBL Amplitude

Time
Transmitter uSec
Fire Pulse

Good cement bond


MSG/VDL
What
We See

3
Expanded Film
Strip

2
Acoustic Wave
On Z-axis

1
Acoustic Wave
VDL
Train Signature
Tress hold
MSG/VDL & AMPLITUDE

< AMP > MSG/VDL


CBL WAVETRAIN ANALYSIS
APPLICATIONS

 Locate free pipe


 Locate the top of cement
 Indicate the presence of micro-annulus or channel in the
cement
 Evaluate cement bonding to pipe and formation
CALIBRATION
CALIBRATION
CLASS H CEMENT
3000 PSI
60% BOND INTERVAL FOR
CASING SIZE WT Free Pipe 100%
CUT OFF ISOLATION
CEMENT
3-1/2 94 mV

9.5 0.2 mV 2.3 mV


4-1/2 11.5 81 mV 0.6 mV 4.6 mV 5 feet
13.5 1.0 mV 7.0 mV

23.0 1.0 mV 5.5 mV


26.0 1.7 mV 7.5 mV
29.0 2.4 mV 9.3 mV
7 32.0 62 mv 3.3 mV 13.0 mV 11 feet
35.0 4.0 mV 14.0 mV
38.0 5.0 mV 15.0 mV
40.0 5.0 mV 17.0 mV

40.0 1.8 mV 6.8 mV


9-5/8 43.5 51 mV 2.2 mV 8.5 mV 15 feet
47.0 2.7 mV 9.0 mV
53.5 4.0 mV 12.0 mV

40.5 1.2 mV 5.1 mV


45.5 1.8 mV 6.5 mV
10-3/4 48.0 48 mV 2.1 mV 7.6 mV 18 feet
51.0 2.5 mV 8.0 mV
54.0 2.7 mV 8.4 mV
55.5 2.8 mV 8.8 mV
CALIBRATION
ON LOCATION

Amplitude

Travel Time
TRAVEL TIME
CBL INTERPRETATION

Two Basic cement bonding :

 Bonding Cement to Casing


 Bonding Cement to Formation
FACTOR PRIMARY CBL PROBLEM
INTERPRETATION

 Tool Centralization
 Microannulus
 Fast formation
 Cement Curing time
 Low Density (Foam) cement
TOOL CENTRALIZATION

TRANS

REC 1
REC 2
TOOL EXCENTERING EFFECT

TRAVEL TIME AMPLITUDE

C 312 C
B 308 B
A
A 300.5
MICROANNULUS

•Cement

•Microannulus

•Casing

•Bond Tool

•Borehole fluid

•Formation
FAST FORMATION
FAST FORMATION
CEMENT CURING TIME
CEMENT CURING TIME
Low Density (Foam) CEMENT

Foam Cement
• Develop in late 1970’s
• Density 4 – 9 lb/gal
• High amplitude
• CBL indicates free pipe
or partial bonding from
MSG or pipe amplitude
Thank You

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