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Programming For Engineers Lecture 06

The document discusses different types of loops in C++ including while loops, do-while loops, and examples of each. It provides the syntax for while and do-while loops and explains the difference between them. While loops execute zero or more times based on the condition being true. Do-while loops execute at least once and then check the condition. Examples are given to demonstrate guessing games using while and do-while loops.

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Malik Adnan
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16 views25 pages

Programming For Engineers Lecture 06

The document discusses different types of loops in C++ including while loops, do-while loops, and examples of each. It provides the syntax for while and do-while loops and explains the difference between them. While loops execute zero or more times based on the condition being true. Do-while loops execute at least once and then check the condition. Examples are given to demonstrate guessing games using while and do-while loops.

Uploaded by

Malik Adnan
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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What we have learned ?

Loops
Two types of loops
Counter loop

1
Train your mind……….!!!

2
while
while ( Logical Expression )
{
statements; :
}
int sum ;
sum = 0 ;
int sum = 0; ( Optional )
Example
int sum , number ;
sum = 0 ;
number = 1 ;
while ( number <= 1000 )
{
sum = sum + number ;
number = number + 1 ;
}
cout << “ The sum of the first 1000 integer starting from 1 is ” << sum ;
while (number <= UpperLimit)
Example
int sum, number , UpperLimit ;
sum = 0 ;
number = 1 ;
cout << “ Please enter the upper limit for which you want the sum ” ;
cin >> UpperLimi t;
while (number <= UpperLimit)
{
sum = sum + number ;
number = number +1 ;
}
cout << “ The sum of the first ” << UpperLimit << “ integer is ” << sum ;
if ( number % 2 == 0 )
{
sum = sum + number ;
number = number + 1 ;
}
Example
sum = 0;
number = 1;
cout << “ Please enter the upper limit for which you want the sum ”;
cin >> UpperLimit;
while (number <= UpperLimit)
{
if (number % 2 == 0)
{
sum = sum + number;
number = number + 1;
}
}
2 * ( number / 2 ) ;

?
int Junk ;
Junk = 1 ;
while ( Junk <= UpperLimit ) ( infinite loop ) X
{
sum = sum + number ;
number = number + 1 ;
}
Flow Chart for While Construct
WHILE Statement

Entry point for WHILE block

Condition is No
While Exit
true?

Process

Exit point for WHILE block


Factorial Definition

n! = n*(n-1)*(n-2)*(n-3)…………*3*2*1
Example: Factorial
#include <iostream.h>
main ( )
{
int number ;
int factorial ;
factorial = 1 ;
cout << “Enter the number of Factorial” ;
cin >> number ;
while ( number >= 1 )
{
factorial = factorial * number ;
number = number – 1 ;
}
Property of While Statement

It executes zero or more times


while loop
while (condition)
{
statements; :
}
statements;
While loop executes zero
or more times. What if we
want the loop to execute
at least one time?
do-while
Do while loop execute on
or more times
Syntax of do-while loop
do
{
statements ;

}
while ( condition ) ;
Example-Guessing game
char c ;
int tryNum = 1 ;
do
{
cout << "Please enter your guess by pressing a character key from a to z “ ;
cin >> c ;
if ( c == 'z‘ )
{
cout << "Congratulations! you guessed the right answer“ ;
tryNum = 6 ;
}
else
tryNum = tryNum + 1 ;
} while ( tryNum <= 5 ) ;
Flow chart for do-while loop

Do-while

Process

false
condition Exit

true
Relational Operators
char c ;
int tryNum , maxTries ;
tryNum = 1 ;
maxTries = 5 ;
cout << "Guess the alphabet between a to z “ ;
cin >> c ;
while ( ( tryNum <= maxTries ) && ( c! = ‘z‘ ) )
{
cout << "Guess the alphabet between a to z “ ;
cin >> c ;
tryNum = tryNum + 1 ;
}

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