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Semi-Final Lesson 2

Deviance and social control are closely related concepts. Deviance refers to violations of social norms and rules, while social control aims to regulate human behavior and maintain social order. There are several theories that seek to explain deviance, such as structural theory which argues that deviance results from people's inability to achieve socially approved goals, and social learning theory which proposes that deviance is learned through social interaction. A community establishes what behaviors are acceptable through both informal socialization processes and formal laws and institutions that enforce social control.

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Ran Camallere
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16 views

Semi-Final Lesson 2

Deviance and social control are closely related concepts. Deviance refers to violations of social norms and rules, while social control aims to regulate human behavior and maintain social order. There are several theories that seek to explain deviance, such as structural theory which argues that deviance results from people's inability to achieve socially approved goals, and social learning theory which proposes that deviance is learned through social interaction. A community establishes what behaviors are acceptable through both informal socialization processes and formal laws and institutions that enforce social control.

Uploaded by

Ran Camallere
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Deviance and

Social Control
What

is

Deviance?
There are a lot of explanation about what deviance is. In medical, deviance
is recognized as an illness. Structural theory says that deviance a result of
social structure. Social learning theory explains that deviance is a result of
socialization with others while social control theory states that deviance is a
result of poor social control system and many more.
• Sociologists use the
term deviance to refer
to any violation of
rules and norms.

• It is said that where


there are rules there
will always be
violations of those
rules.
• Broom, Selznick, and Darroch (1930) used the term
“deviance” referring to any “violation of the established
social rules, expectations and cultural standards of a
community”

Leonard Broom Philip Selznick


Earl Rubington and Martin Weinberg
(1981)
• Said that it is “an
alleged breaking of the
social order”
A community is composed of so many people who have different
cultural backgrounds and religious orientations.

How do we know a behavior exceeds the tolerance of


the community?
• From a legal point of
Always remember view means “an act or
omission in violation of
a criminal law” said
Manwong.

• He also describes crime


as “an act that is
injurious, detrimental
or harmful to the norms
Deviance is different from Crime of society.”
The Relativity of Deviance
Social Norms Situation
• An act becomes • An action/doing
deviant because outside of the
of a violated norm but is
norm. still completely
Place acceptable.
• The Wearing of
revealing attire in
the park, but not
inside the courtroom
or in the classroom.
Time Culture
• What is accepted • Vary greatly from
at one point in one society to
time may not be another.
accepted by
another time.
Types of Deviance
Primary
• This is a violation of norms but is “tolerated by others or is
successfully concealed from others,” said Lement (1978).

Secondary
• This refers to habitual violation of norms by
persons who are labeled as such by others.
Forms of Deviance
• 1st criteria
• A person’s
motivations or his
adherence to
cultural goals
• Robert Merton
proposed a
typology of
deviant behavior.
• 2nd criteria
• A person’s belief
in how to attain
his goals.
Conformity
• The persons accepts whatever the means of achieving
certain cultural goals because he/she is under pressure
from others
Innovation
• The persons accepts the goals of a culture but rejects
traditional and/or legitimate means of attaining those
goals.
Ritualism
• The rejection of cultural goals but accepts
the traditional means for achieving the goals.
Retreatism
• Involves the rejection of both the cultural goals
and the traditional means of achieving those goals.

Rebellion
• Is a special case wherein the individual rejects both the cultural
goals and traditional means of achieving them but actively attempts to
replace both elements of the society with different goals and means.
Theories of Deviant Behavior
Structural Social Learning
Medical Theory Theory Theory
• It views deviance • When people • Symbolic
as if it is an cannot attain integrationists see
illness. their goals deviance as being
through learned through
culturally interaction in
approved means, one’s neighborhood.
they tend to do
deviant acts.
Social Control
Theory Conflict Theory Labelling
• Social control is • Conflict Theory Theory.
“concerned with argues that • It referes to the
that domination economic idea that
which is intended pressures and individuals
and which competition become deviant
fulfills a over limited when two things
function in the researches lead occur.
life of the to deviant
society” acts.
• Idea of stigma is an
important element of
labeling theory.

• Stigma refers to the


situation of the individual
who is disqualified from
social acceptance because
of a label that is often
difficult to hide.
What is Social Control?
• Sociologists define social control as the way that the
norms, rules, laws, and structures of society regulate
human behavior. It is a necessary part of social
order, for societies could not exist without
controlling their populations.

• Social control is achieved through social, economic,


and institutional structures.
Informal Social Control
• Involves conformity to the norms
and values of society as well as
adoption of a belief system
learned through the process of
socialization.
Formal Social Control
• A simple police presence is enough
to achieve this form of control.

• Other government agencies,


including those that regulate
building codes or the goods
businesses sell, enforce formal
social control also.
Thank you!

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