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CONDITIONALS

Conditionals can be used to express arguments and persuade others by presenting reasoning to change one's point of view. There are different types of conditional sentences including zero, first, second, and third conditionals that use various verb tenses and structures to indicate levels of possibility or likelihood regarding conditions and results. Mixed conditionals can also be used when the clauses make logical sense within the context.

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70 views

CONDITIONALS

Conditionals can be used to express arguments and persuade others by presenting reasoning to change one's point of view. There are different types of conditional sentences including zero, first, second, and third conditionals that use various verb tenses and structures to indicate levels of possibility or likelihood regarding conditions and results. Mixed conditionals can also be used when the clauses make logical sense within the context.

Uploaded by

herz eli
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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CONDITIONALS

CONDITIONALS
Conditionals can be used in
expressing arguments. Expressing
arguments is helpful in presenting
one’s reasoning to change one’s
point of view in a particular topic or
issue. Conditionals may be helpful
in persuading others to move or
act and even change their
thoughts.
CONDITIONALS
CONDITIONALS
Zero conditional
First conditional
Second conditional
Third conditional
CONDITIONALS
Conditional Sentences Type 0
→ Used for scientific / general truth.
→ Form: if + Simple Present, + Simple Present
(if + Past Simple, + Past Simple)
→ Examples:
- If you heat butter, it melts.
- If I have time, I study English.
- Years ago if people travelled a long distance,
the journey took days.
“If” may be replaced by “when”.
The structure of a
first conditional sentence

A first conditional sentence consists of two clauses, an "if"


clause and a main clause:

if clause main clause


If you study hard, you will pass the test.
If the "if" clause comes first, a comma is usually used. If the "if" clause comes second, there is no need for a comma:

main clause if clause


You will pass the test if you study hard.
The structure and use of a
first conditional sentence

We use different verb forms in each part


of a first conditional:
if clause if + subject + simple present verb
main clause subject + will + verb

The first conditional is used to talk about things which are possible in the present or the future -- things which may happen:
The structure and use of a
first conditional sentence
The first conditional is used to talk about things which are possible in the present or the future -- things which may happen:

Example Explanation
If it's sunny, we'll go to Maybe it will be sunny --
the park. that's possible.
Paula will be sad if Juan Maybe Juan will leave --
leaves. that's possible.

If you cook the supper, Maybe you will cook the


I'll wash the dishes. supper -- that's possible.
CONDITIONALS
Conditional Sentences Type 1
→ It is possible and also very likely that
the condition will be fulfilled.
→ Form: if + Simple Present, will
(Future)

→ Example:
- If I find her address, I’ll send her an
invitation.
URL
CONDITIONALS
Conditional Sentences Type 2
→ There is an unreal possibility that the condition will
happen.
→ Form: if + Past Simple, would (Conditional)
could/might

→ Examples:
- If you did your homework more often, your teacher
wouldn´t get angry with you.
- If I were a boy, I would do everything to please my girl.
- If I only passed the test, I would celebrate and party.
- If I went to the supermarket, I could get some bread.
Second conditional: unreal situations

• Look at the following sentences. In the


second sentence, what verb tense is
used in each part?
• The mountain-biker says: Be prepared for
some hard work. If the training was easy,
it wouldn't make you faster.
• We use the second conditional when we
think something is unreal or unlikely. Does
he think the training will ever be easy?
Second conditional: unreal situations

• Look at the following sentences. In the


second sentence, what verb tense is
used in each part?
• The mountain-biker says: Be prepared for
some hard work. If the training was easy,
it wouldn't make you faster.
• We use the second conditional when we
think something is unreal or unlikely. Does
he think the training will ever be easy?
CONDITIONALS
Conditional Sentences Type 3
→ The important thing about the third conditional is that
both the condition and result are impossible now.
→ Form: if + Past Perfect, would have + P.P.

could/might/should
have + P.P.

→ Examples:
- We would have come yesterday if we had known about
it.
- If I had waited longer last night, I might have found out
about it.
- If I had gone to the supermarket, I could have bought
some bread.
CONDITIONALS
Zero conditional- (general truths, habits)
First conditional – (situations more likely or
possibly to happen)

Second conditional- (unreal situations,


unlikely to happen)
Third conditional – (impossible to happen)
CONDITIONALS
Activity

Answer Learning Task 2 on page


14 of your module. Write only
the letter of your answer in your
notebook.
CONDITIONALS
Activity

Answer Learning Task 2 on page


14 of your module. Write only
the letter of your answer in your
notebook.
CONDITIONALS
CONDITIONALS
CONDITIONALS
Match the sentence halves.
1 If I did more sport, A I had a party without
telling them .
2 I'd be really happy if
B I'd get much fitter.
3 If I could sing,
C I'd go to South America.
4 My parents would be really D my father bought me a
angry if motorbike.
5 If I studied harder, E I'd be in a band.
6 If I had a lot of money, F I'd go to the coast more
often.
7 If I could drive,
G I'd speak better English.
CONDITIONALS

Other Conditionals
→ unless (if … not), in case, provided/providing
(that), as/so long as.
→ Examples:
- I´ll go swimming tomorrow unless it rains.
- You can play with your friends in your room
provided that you tidy up afterwards.
- I´ll help you as long as you come with me to the
cinema.
- I´ll take my umbrella with me in case it rains.
CONDITIONALS
Mixed Conditionals
→ If-clauses can be mixed provided that they make sense
within a context.
→ Examples:
- If they were studying all morning, they will be tired
now.
(they were studying so they are tired now.)

- If I were faster, I would have won the race.


(I´m not fast so I didn´t win the race.)

- If she had saved her money, she would go on holiday


(she didn´t save her money so she won´t go on holiday.)

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