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KS4 Forces - Forces

This document provides information about different types of forces including gravity, friction, thrust, upthrust, tension, compression, magnetism, and electrostatic forces. It defines what a force is, gives examples of pushes, pulls and twists, describes contact and non-contact forces, and discusses concepts like mass vs weight, force diagrams, and how forces affect motion. Key points covered include that gravity is always an attractive force between objects with mass, friction opposes the direction of motion, and upthrust is the upwards force on an object in a liquid or gas.

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Hakim Abbas
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
42 views

KS4 Forces - Forces

This document provides information about different types of forces including gravity, friction, thrust, upthrust, tension, compression, magnetism, and electrostatic forces. It defines what a force is, gives examples of pushes, pulls and twists, describes contact and non-contact forces, and discusses concepts like mass vs weight, force diagrams, and how forces affect motion. Key points covered include that gravity is always an attractive force between objects with mass, friction opposes the direction of motion, and upthrust is the upwards force on an object in a liquid or gas.

Uploaded by

Hakim Abbas
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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KS4 Forces – Forces

© Boardworks Ltd 2003


What is a force?
A force is a push, pull or twist.

© Boardworks Ltd 2003


Say if the following are pushes, pulls or twists:

Push Writing on paper


Push Typing on a keyboard
Tug-of-war Pull
Twist Unscrewing the top off a bottle Twist
Push Posting a letter through a door
Putting on a pair of socks Pull
Twist Turning a door handle Twist

© Boardworks Ltd 2003


Types of force you need to know……

Friction Gravity

Air resistance
Magnetism

Tension
Electrostatic

Nuclear

Compression

© Boardworks Ltd 2003


Describing the forces

The force you get when two


Magnetism material rub together

The force you get when a


Friction material is being stretched

Compression The force you get when a


material is being squashed

The force that enables


Tension compasses to work

© Boardworks Ltd 2003


Describing the forces

Gravity The force that holds the particles


in a nucleus together

Nuclear The force you get when an


object moves through air

The force that exists between all


Air resistance objects with mass

The force you get between two


Electrostatic charged objects

© Boardworks Ltd 2003


Attractive or repulsive?

Gravity? Attractive, always

Magnetism? Attractive and repulsive

Electrostatic? Attractive and repulsive

© Boardworks Ltd 2003


Contact and non-contact

If two objects or materials need to be touching for the


ONTACT force.
force to have an effect then it is a C________
Examples: Friction
Air resistance
ouching
If two objects or materials do not need to be t______
for the force to have an effect then it is a NON
CONTACT force.
Examples: Gravity
Electrostatic
Magnetic

© Boardworks Ltd 2003


Gravity
Gravity is an attractive f____
orce that exists
asses Gravity is always
between all m_____.
ttractive
a_______.
arger the mass is, the greater the
The l____
urther away a
gravitational attraction. The f_____
mass is, the less the gravitational attraction.
Your w____ is the pull of the Earth’s gravity
on youreight
body. The Moon is kept in
orbit around the
If you stood on the M___ you would weigh Earth due to gravity.
less than on Earth. oon
This is because the Moon has less mass
than Earth, so the Moon’s g_________ pull
is weaker than the Earth’s. ravitational

© Boardworks Ltd 2003


Mass and weight

What is the difference between mass and weight?

Your mass is a measure of Your weight is a measure of


how many particles there are in the pull of gravity on your
your body. It does not matter body. Your weight depends
where you are in the Universe, upon what planet you are
your mass does not change. standing on.
You would weigh less on
What is mass measured in? Mercury than on Earth
Kilograms because Mercury is smaller
than Earth.
Mass = 10kg
10kg What is weight measured in?
Newtons
Weight = 100 N

© Boardworks Ltd 2003


Force diagrams

Force diagrams show Draw a force diagram for a falling


you the direction a force object when it first starts to fall.
is acting in. It shows you
the direction an object is Air resistance
being pushed, pulled or
twisted. The direction of
the arrow shows you the
direction of the force. The
sizes of the arrows can
be used to compare the
sizes of the forces.
Weight

© Boardworks Ltd 2003


Unused homework diary on a table

What force pulls down on the book?

Gravity

The diary does not move, so there


must be an equal and opposite force
pushing up on the diary.
What do we call this force?
Reaction force
© Boardworks Ltd 2003
Forces on a speeding fish?
What is thrust?
A forward push
What is upthrust?
The upwards force on a body in a liquid or a gas

Upthrust

Thrust Friction

Weight

© Boardworks Ltd 2003


Label the forces acting on the moving ship shown:

Upthrust or
buoyancy

Air
resistance
Thrust Friction

Weight

© Boardworks Ltd 2003


A ship arrives at port and is loaded with cargo:
What happens to the weight of the ship? Increases
What happens to the upthrust on the ship? Increases
Which is the largest force, weight or upthrust? Both equal

© Boardworks Ltd 2003


Forces and motion

If an object is stationary and an unbalanced


force acts on it, it will start to move.

If an object is moving and an unbalanced force acts


on it there are three possibilities…

The object could speed


up.
The object could slow
down.
The object could change
direction.

© Boardworks Ltd 2003


In which direction, if any will the following
stationery objects move?

© Boardworks Ltd 2003


What is friction?

If you rub your hands together there is resistance to the


motion.

What do we call this force?


Friction

What causes it?


Even though your hands
look smooth, on a
microscopic level it is not,
so when your hands rub
together you get the
resistive force of friction.

© Boardworks Ltd 2003


Direction of friction

Friction always acts in the For the following moving


opposite direction to the way objects, mark with an
an object is moving. arrow, the direction
friction is acting in.

© Boardworks Ltd 2003


Friction effects

Friction always acts in the o______


pposite direction to
which an object is moving in.
orce
Friction is a type of f____.
Whenever you get friction between two objects
eat and w_____.
you always get h___ earing
You can reduce the effect of friction by using a
ubricant O_
l______. il is a lubricant used in car engines to
reduce friction effects.

© Boardworks Ltd 2003


Starting moving…
An object will only start to move if the forces applied to it
overcome any frictional forces. For the examples shown say
if the stationary objects will move or not, and if they do move,
say in which direction.

© Boardworks Ltd 2003


Friction - useful or hindrance?

Write down three instances where friction is useful and three


where it is a hindrance.
Discuss your ideas with the class and then have a vote on
what the class thinks are the top three for each.

Useful Hindrance

© Boardworks Ltd 2003


Which of the following is not a force?

A. Heat 
B. Gravity

C. Tension

D. Friction

© Boardworks Ltd 2003


For a man standing up, in which direction
does gravity act?

A.    
B. C. D.

© Boardworks Ltd 2003


For a fish in water, what do we call force Z?

A. Friction
Z
B. Air resistance

C. Gravity

D. Upthrust

© Boardworks Ltd 2003


In what units is force measured in?

A. Joules

B. Metres

C. Newtons 
D. Seconds

© Boardworks Ltd 2003


What device is used to measure force?

A. Clock

B. Voltmeter

C. Joulemeter

D. Newtonmeter 
© Boardworks Ltd 2003

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