Carpet

Flooring
Presented by:
Ejay Mojico
Purpose
1 Understand the origin of carpet

2
Define what is carpet
of the 3
Determine it's types and components

report 4
Explain it's pros and cons

5 Preparation application of carpet

6
Know the procedure
 INTRODUCTION
Modern carpet traces its roots to ancient times, when cultures
passed hand-tying and knotting skills from generation to
generation. The Sixteenth Century brought merchant adventurers
and explorers home to Europe and with them the awareness and
desire for rich textiles and rugs from the East.
HISTORY
The begginning of carpet history (2,000 3,000 B.C.)

The First Carpet

The very first carpet were rugs made from sheep wool or goat hair. They
came onto the scene as early as 2,000 or 3,000 B.C. Carpets are believed
to have originated somewhere in the Middle East, although exactly where
is still unknown.history
 HISTORY
The begginning of carpet history (2,000 3,000 B.C.)Early U.S. Carpet
was Woven Wool. The carpet industry in the United States began in 1791
when William Sprague started the first woven carpet mill in Philadelphia.
Others opened in New England during the early 1800s Beattie
Manufacturing Company in Little Falls, New Jersey operated from 1840
until 1979.
Types of
Carpet
Nylon
• Nylon is very soft, durable, and resistant to stains and
abrasion. It is the most popular of carpet fibers by a large
measure—by some estimates, about two-thirds of all
synthetic carpets are made of nylon.1
• It has good resistance to wear, mold, mildew, and rot, and
it is easy to dye and holds its color well.
• It is usually affordably priced—less expensive than wool
but more expensive than other synthetics. These carpets, if
cared for well, can last 12 to 15 years, making it the most
durable of the synthetic fibers.
Polypropylene (Olefin)

• Polypropylene is another popular carpet fiber, used in commercial

applications and in growing numbers of residential settings, and is
almost as soft as nylon.
• Also known as olefin, polypropylene fibers are similar to natural
wool and are often used as a synthetic wool substitute.
• This fiber is highly stain-resistant but is prone to soiling and
holding onto oils which in turn, collect dirt.3 It is, however,
relatively easy to clean—bleach can even be used in some
cases.Polypropylene is not as resilient as nylon, so is therefore
commonly used for loop-style carpets, such as berbers. The cost
of polypropylene is slightly less than most nylon carpets, but
more than polyester and acrylic.
Polyester
polyester is very similar to nylon, though it is a bit cheaper. Like
nylon, it’s moisture and stain-resistant, and has good wearability. In
addition, polyester is surprisingly soft when in thick pile form.

Polyester carpets will get you a lot of value for your money, but it’s
not quite as resilient as nylon. It won’t bounce back from wear and
tear as easily as nylon does.

On the other hand, lots of polyesters (like PET) can be made from
recycled materials!
Acrylic
Sometimes marketed as "synthetic wool" because it offers the feel and
appearance of wool at a fraction of the price, acrylic has good
resistance to static electricity, moisture, mildew, fading, and staining.
But it is not a very durable material, and it doesn't hold up well in
high-traffic areas. It is sometimes blended with wool. Acrylics can
sometimes turn brown if stained with certain alkaline chemicals, such
as those found in cleaning product s.
Wool
Wool, a natural, luxurious, long-lasting material, is the softest carpet
fiber you can find. Unfortunately, low-grade wool is more susceptible
to staining, while high-grade wool is extremely expensive. Some
manufacturers combine wool with synthetic fibers to create a carpet
with the benefits of both. Wool/acrylic blends are especially common.

Pure wool carpet is made with no chemicals or additives, which makes

it an excellent choice for those with allergies or sensitivities to
chemicals. But as a natural material, wool can be prone to damage
from mold and mildew, which feed on organic substances.5 Wool is
therefore not a good choice for areas where high humidity and
moisture are an issue.
Loop Pile

Also known as "uncut pile" or "Berber pile" (named for a particular

type of knotted pile used in North Africa), loop pile leaves the entire
yarn loop intact on the surface of the piece. These carpets tend to be
highly durable, easy to clean, and resistant to stains, making them
perfect for high-traffic commercial applications or high-traffic family
areas, such as recreation rooms. Loop pile carpets also don't show
indentations caused by footprints and vacuum marks.
Cut Pile
Cut pile is a style of carpet where the exposed fibers are sheared off.
This typically produces soft, inviting, easy-to-clean carpets. Different
styles can be created by changing the angle of the shearing that slices
the loop, or by using different treatments on the thread before and
after it is inserted into the backing. Cut pile comes in different lengths
and thicknesses, and these carpets work well when an entire house is
carpeted, as it blends well from room to room.
 COMPONENTS OF
CARPET
Over ninety percent of all of the carpet made today is made up of
synthetic fiber. The rest is natural fiber, most commonly wool. First,
let's look at the most common synthetic fibers. Synthetic fibers are
usually made up of one of three materials: nylon, polypropylene or
polyester.
ADVANTAGE
APPEARANCE

Carpeting adds to the décor by using color, patterns, and pile

heights. The carpeting can create the image you want in your
home or business.
STYLE

With the hundreds of patterns, cuts, and colors, there are literally
thousands of possibilities to "fulfill" the style statement.
FEEL

Try curling up in front of the fireplace on a hard surface floor.

Carpet feels good, soft, and easier on the feet. It also gives a
"softer" feel to the home.
ACOUSTIC

Several studies find that carpets absorb sound and carpets with
padding further enhance this ability.
SAFETY

Invariably, slip-and-fall accidents occur on hard surface floors,

not carpeted floors.
DISADVANTAGE
DISADVANTAGE
It is difficult to clean.

Carpet holds dust and other allergens that can be problematic for those with
respiratory challenges.

It is a conducive environment for dust mites and other pests.

It can retain moisture creating mold that can be toxic for those with
allergies.
TOOLS AND
EQUIPMENT
 Vacuum Cleaner

A vacuum cleaner is one of

the essential carpet
cleaning tools your staff
will need to complete
cleaning jobs.
 Vacuum Cleaner

A vacuum cleaner is one of

the essential carpet
cleaning tools your staff
will need to complete
cleaning jobs.
 Carpet Cleaner

Carpet cleaners remove

deeply embedded dirt,
bacteria, and stains.
 Defoamer

For some carpet cleaners,

you’ll need a defoamer
(foam caused by carpet
detergents can reduce the
machine’s effectiveness
and increase drying time).
 Stain Remover

Stain removers (also

known as spot cleaning
solutions) are detergents
that help you remove carpet
stains.
 Air Scrubber

Air scrubbing devices are

portable air filtration
systems that enable carpet
cleaners to remove small
airborne particles and foul
odors post-carpet cleaning.
 Carpet Rake

A carpet rake allows you to get

deep down into a carpet’s fibers
to eliminate dirt, pet hair, and
dust. Moreover, this tool primes
carpets so that they more
quickly and effectively absorb
cleaning solutions.
PREPARATION AND
PROCEDURE
 PREPARATION
1 Move the furniture out of the space to be carpeted.

2 Make sure the floor is flat

3 Remove your old carpet:

4 Vacuum the carpet.

5 clean and dry

PROCEDURE
Step 1: CHOOSING THE
RIGHT
Carpet comes in five major cut types: plush (or cut) pile,
berber cut pile, berber loop pile, cut-and-loop pile and
commercial loop. Each of those types of carpet is available
in different types of fiber, both natural (such as Wool, Sea
Grass, Sisal, and Coir) or synthetic (such as nylon,
polyester, acrylic or olefin).
Step 2: REPLACING
EXISTING CARPET
Pulling up old carpet can be a difficult task. Years of use,
especially if there have been pets in the home; can leave
your carpet full of dirt and animal hair. When considering
carpet replacement, it's important to consider a professional
carpet installer. Installers protect themselves by wearing a
mask. They remove any moldings around the floor and at
the door, and begin to cut out the old carpet carefully.
Step 3: LYING THE
UNDERPAD
The installer will clean and dry your floor thoroughly. The
cleaner the underfloor is, the cleaner the carpet will
ultimately feel. The installer may leave existing tackless
strips. If there are none, they will install new strips.

Next, the old carpet cushion will be removed and replaced

with new carpet padding, creating a huge difference in the
feel and performance of your new carpet.
Step 4: LYING THE NEW
CARPET
Carpet pieces must be slightly larger than the room in
question with an overlay of up to six inches. Trimming this
overlay can be tricky, and it’s extremely important during
the carpet replacement that it be cut correctly. Our expert
installers get it right the first time, preventing any new
carpet waste or damage.
Step 5: MATCH UP CARPET
SEAMS
Most rooms require more than one piece of carpet. This is typically
because of the way wall-to-wall carpet must be cut to ensure the
pattern matches up correctly. The carpet is cut with the utmost
precision so the seams line up perfectly.

Seam tape is used to join the two seams. Seams between two pieces
of carpet must be cut at the same time, or their edges won’t match
exactly. Seaming tape must be used correctly with a steaming iron
and carpet roller or the seams won’t fully seal.

Our expert installers will have the equipment and knowledge to

ensure your carpet seams are done right the first time.
Step 6: STRETCHING
AND ATTACHING THE
CARPET

To finish the installation, the carpet must be stretched using

first a “knee kicker” and then a carpet spreader to attach to
the tackless strips along each wall. Stretching should be
followed up by final wall trimming, tucking at the walls,
and reinstallation of the molding at the baseboards.
 1. type of fiber and fabrics
QUALITY
ASSURANCE 2. pile density and weight

MEASURE 3. pile density and quality

4. firm anchoring of pile

 SAMPLE
PICTURE/IMAGES