SELECTING THE

PARTICIPANTS OF
THE STUDY
SAMPLING PROCEDURE
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 Population or
Sampling universe

The group from which the samples

shall be drawn

Sample
This is the process of choosing a
portion of a target population that can
be the source of data for you research. Refers to the group from which the
data have to be collected

Basic concepts in sampling

POPULATION
SAMPLE
 Essential to the
Sampling: following designs:
experimental,
Primary advantages
correlational and
of sampling include
analytic survey
feasibility and
In case target
convenience
population is quite
small and
Essential steps in sampling
• Determine population of individuals, items or cases
where the data needed can be found
• Determine the kind of sample that shall be drawn
from the identified population
Essential steps in sampling
• Determine appropriate sample size
• Draw the desired sample size based on the specified
sampling method
Sampling formula
𝑁
𝑛=¿ Where:
(1+
n = desired sample 𝑁
2
size 𝑒 )
¿
N = total population
e = margin of error (0.05 or 0.01)
 Probability Sampling
Probability sampling uses statistical theory to select
randomly, a small group of people (sample) from an
existing large population and then predict that all their
responses together will match the overall population.
 Every member of a population
Uses random sampling Using PS means you can use
has an equal chance of being
techniques to create a sample statistical techniques
selected
 Probability Sampling

Simple random sampling Every member of the

population of interest has an
equal chance of being included
Systematic random sampling
in the sample.

Stratified random sampling

Cluster random sampling

Multi-stage random sampling

SIMPLE RANDOM
SAMPLING
This is completely random
method of selecting the
sample. Numbers are
assigned to the individuals
(sample) and then actual
participants are randomly
chosen from those numbers
through an automated
process.
 STRATIFIED
RANDOM SAMPLING
It involves a method where a
larger population can be
divided into smaller groups,
that usually don’t overlap
but represent the entire
population together.
GRADE 12 Number of Percentage Sample Size
Students
STEM 32
GAS 126
ABM 96
TVL 45
Total 299
Note: Compute the sample size from the population
first.
SYSTEMATIC
SAMPLING
Every “nth” individual is
chosen to be a part of the
sample. E.g. you can choose
every 5th person to be in the
sample.

K=N
CLUSTER RANDOM
SAMPLING
This is a way to randomly
select participants from a list
that is too large for simple
random sampling. The
researcher randomly selects
areas (e.g. cities, poblacion)
and randomly selects from
within those boundaries.
Multi-Stage Random Sampling

Uses a combination of techniques

For example, an organization has 500,000 employees sitting at
different geographic locations. The organization wishes to make
certain amendment in its human resource policy, but before they
roll out the change they wish to know if the employees will be
happy with the change or not. However, it’s a tedious task to
reach out to all 500,000 employees. This is where probability
sampling comes handy. A sample from the larger population i.e
from 500,000 employees can be chosen. This sample will
represent the population. A survey now can be deployed to the
sample.
Factors to consider in determining
sample size
• Type of research
• Research hypothesis
• Financial constraints
• Importance of the results
• Methods of data collection
• Accuracy needed
• Size of the population
Determine the sample size from the Grade 7 class according to
section. Use stratified random sampling.

Grade 7 (Charlotte) = 42
(Gotham) = 39
(Paladin)= 37
(Camelot) = 16
(Athens) = 45