Introduction to

Quantum Computing
1 Quantum com puting is a 2 Instead of using classical
type of com puting that bits, which can only hold
uses quantum m echanics a value of 0 or 1,
to perform operations on quantum com puters use
data. quantum bits, or qubits,
which can exist in
m ultiple states at once.

3 This allows quantum 4 Quantum com puting has

com puters to perform the potential to
certain types of revolutionize com puting by
calculations m uch faster allowing us to solve
than classical computers. problem s that are currently
intractable with classical
com puters.

5 There are m any applications 6 Quantum com puting is

of quantum com puting, still in its early stages,
including cryptography, and there are m any
optim ization, and challenges that m ust be
sim ulation of quantum overcom e before it can
system s. becom e a practical
technology.
by Vijay Kumar Saini
Table of
Contents
Introduction to Quantum Computing

Quantum States and Operations

Applications of Quantum Computing

Welcome to our introduction to quantum computing! This deck

will guide you through the basics of quantum computing and its
potential applications. Use the table of contents above to navigate
between sections.

Introduction to Quantum
Computing
Quantum computing is a type of computing that uses quantum
mechanics to perform operations on data. Instead of using classical
bits, which can only hold a value of 0 or 1, quantum computers use
quantum bits, or qubits, which can exist in multiple states at once.
This allows quantum computers to perform certain types of
calculations much faster than classical com puters.

Quantum States and Operations

Quantum states are the possible states of a qubit. These states include
0, 1, and a combination of both 0 and 1. Operations on quantum
states are represented by matrices called unitary matrices, and they
can be used to perform various types of calculations, such as
factorization and searching.

Applications of Quantum Computing

Quantum computing has the potential to greatly impact fields such
as cryptography, chemistry, and machine learning. For example,
quantum computers can break many of the encryption methods
currently used to secure online communication. They can also
simulate the behavior of molecules, allowing for more efficient drug
discovery and materials science. In machine learning, quantum
computers can be used to speed up certain types of algorithms and
Quantum Mechanics
Basics
Wave-particle duality Uncertainty principle
Quantum mechanics allows particles to behave both The uncertainty principle states that measuring
like waves and particles, leading to phenom ena like certain properties of a particle will inevitably change
superposition and entanglement. its state, making it impossible to know both the
position and momentum of the particle at the same
time.

Quantum tunneling Quantum cryptography

Tunneling is a quantum phenomenon where a particle Quantum cryptography uses the principles of
can pass through a barrier that classically would quantum mechanics to secure communication
require m ore energy than the particle has. channels without the need for shared secrets.
Quantum Computing Vs Classical
Computing
Quantum Computing Classical Computing

Exponentially m ore processing power Good for general computing

Can solve certain problems exponentially tasks M ore reliable m em ory

faster Sensitive to environm ent M ore energy-efficient

Requires m ore energy to operate W ide range of program m ing
languages available
Requires specialized program m ing languages
Cannot solve certain problems as efficiently as
quantum computing
Qubits and
Superposition Superposition
Superposition is the principle that a qubit can exist in
multiple states simultaneously, meaning that a
quantum computer can perform many calculations in
parallel.

1 2 3

Qubit Entanglement
s
Qubits are like bits in classical computing, but with Entanglement is the principle that two qubits can be
more flexibility and power. They operate on the connected in such a way that the state of one affects
principles of superposition and entanglement. the state of the other, regardless of distance.
Current State of Quantum
Computing
IBM Q System One Google Sycamore Other quantum
computing companies
IBM has developed a full-stack Google claim s to have achieved
quantum com puting system that quantum suprem acy with its There are several other
integrates hardware, software, Sycam ore processor, which can com panies, such as Rigetti,
and cloud computing. perform a specific calculation IonQ, and D-Wave, that are
faster than any classical developing quantum com puting
com puter. technologies and services.
Limitations and Challenges of Quantum
Computing
Environmental sensitivity Scalability Interoperability
Quantum systems are susceptible Quantum com puters becom e m ore Different quantum computing
to noise, tem perature changes, challenging to build and operate system s use distinct qubit
and other environm ental factors as the num ber of qubits increases, technologies and operate on
that can com prom ise their leading to practical lim its on the different com m unication
stability and accuracy. size and complexity of protocols, m aking it challenging
computations they can perform . to create a unified quantum
com puting infrastructure.
Future of Quantum
Computing
More Increased Growth of quantum
applications connectivity computing industry
Cryptography Secure data transm ission

Artificial intelligence Low-latency com puting Drive innovation

Chemistry Large-scale Create new opportunities

Logistics collaborations Research, entrepreneurship, and

investment
Conclusio
n
Q uantum computing represents a major shift in computing
technology, with the potential to revolutionize many fields. While
there are still many challenges to overcom e, researchers and industry
leaders are m aking significant progress. As the field continues to
grow, we can expect to see many exciting developments and new
applications in the future.
Thank
You