PRACTICAL

RESEARCH 1
Learning Competencies

 shares research experiences and knowledge

CS_RS11-IIIa-1
 explains the importance of research in daily life
CS_RS11- IIIa-2
 describes characteristics, processes, and ethics of
research CS_RS11-IIIa-3
Activity
• Think of 1 interesting question
that you want to be answered.
• The question must not be
answerable with yes or now. It
would be better if it is a WHY
or HOW question
• Share your question in the
class.
• There is no need for your
question be answered by
anyone in the class
•Nature of Inquiry and Research

•Inquiry- is to look for information

by asking various questions about
the thing you are curious about

•Research- is to discover truths by

investigating on your chosen topic
scientifically; meaning, by going
through a systematic way of doing
things wherein you are to begin
from the simplest to the most
complex modes or pattern of
thinking.
INQUIRY OR RESEARCH?

1. What’s the color of your gown?

2. Who bought your gown?
3. Why are some graduating
students not willing to wear
gowns?
4. Do you agree that Mr. Cruz was
the one who wrote the memo?
5. Why should you not vote for
this candidate?
 What is Research?

What are the purposes

of Research?
RESEARCH
- is the systematic investigation and study
of materials and sources to establish facts
and reach new conclusions.
- is an act of studying something carefully
and extensively in order to attain deep
knowledge
- to suggest appropriate solutions to
improve the individual’s quality of life.
Other definition given to research
are:
• It is an inquiry process
• It is a process of problem solving
• It is a set of procedures and stages
• It originates with a question or a
problem
FORMS OF UNDERGRADUATE RESEARCH
EXPERIENCE:

1. Class-Based activities- such as naturalistic observation, surveys

and experiments can often be structured to train students in the
steps of the research process.
2. Class-based projects like term papers, service learning and
community-based and campus-based learning can be of research
nature
3. Capstone experiences like senior research projects and research
tasks/assignments can allow students to develop and explore a
research question of their own.
4. Out-of-the-class student/faculty collaborative research provide
students opportunity to work with faculty members on their own
on-going research or on a project jointly planned or designed by
both.
IMPORTANCE
OF RESEARCH
IN DAILY LIFE
 The Role of Research

1.Research leads an expansion of

knowledge and discoveries
2. Research effects have led to
breakthrough
3. Research increase the understanding of a
phenomenon.
 Significance of Research

1.To gather necessary information

2. To make changes
3. To improve the standard of living
4.For a safer life
5.To know the truth
6. to explore our history
7.To understand arts
 Characteristic of Research

1. Empirical- Research is based on observations

and experimentation of theories. It takes into
account the direct experiences that fuse the
researcher’s speculation with reality.
2. Systematic- Research follows orderly and
sequential procedures, based on valid
procedures and principles. Researchers are
advised to refer to the research guidelines
provided or prescribed by the school.
3. Controlled- In research, all variables,
except those that are tested/experimented on,
are kept constant.
4. Employs hypothesis- The hypothesis
guides the investigation process. Research
refers to a search for facts, answers to
questions and solutions to problems.
5. Analytical- There is a critical analysis of all
data used so that there is no error in the
researcher’s interpretations.
6. Objective- The term also refers to the
research as unbiased and logical. All findings are
logically based on empirical data.
7. Original work- Requires effort to get at the
researcher’s own investigation and produce the
data needed to complete the study.
 Other Characteristics of Qualitative Research

• Characteristics of Qualitative Research

• Concern for context and meaning- Since it is
context bound, the human experience takes its
meaning from social, historical, political and
cultural influences.

• Naturally occurring setting- Qualitative

research studies behavior.

• Humans as instrument- The researcher is the

primary instrument for gathering and analyzing
data
4. Descriptive Data- Data in qualitative studies are in
the form of words or pictures or other visuals rather
than numbers or statistics.

5. Emergent Design- In qualitative research, the

design cannot be finalized at the onset because the
researcher continues to adjust his/her methods and
ways of proceeding as the study progresses.
 Types of Research

• Library Research- this type is done primarily in the

library where answers to specific questions or problems
are available.
• Field Research- the research is done in the natural setting
such as barangay, school or factory.
• Laboratory research- this type is conducted in an
artificial or controlled situations by doing the study in a
thoroughly specified and equipped area.
 ETHICS AND RESEARCH

What is ethics?
- Refers to as the norms for conduct that
distinguish between acceptable and
unacceptable behavior.
- Method, procedure or perspective for deciding
how to act and for analyzing complex
problems and issues.
- Involves the application of fundamental
ethical principles to a variety of topics
involving research.
Functions of Ethics:
1.Norms promote the aims of research such as
knowledge, truth and evidence of error.
2.Ethical standards promote the values that are
essential to collaborative work such as trust,
accountability, mutual respect and fairness.
3.Ethical norms ensure that researchers can be
held accountable to the public.
4.Ethical norms in research, is research that helps
build public support quality and integrity of
research.
Some Ethical Principles:

-Honesty -Integrity
-Responsible C -Social
publication responsibility

-Carefulness -Respect for

-Openness
-Non- Intellectual
- Competence Property
Discrimination

- Legality
-Confidentiality
The Define research problem
Research
Process
Review the literature
Formulate hypothesis
Design research
Collect data
Analyze data
Interpret and report results

Presenting the results