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Lesson 1.1 Introduction To Conic Sections and Circles

This document provides an introduction to conic sections and circles. It discusses how ancient Greek mathematicians such as Apollonius of Perga and Menaechmus studied conic sections by examining the intersection of planes with right circular cones. The four basic conic sections - circles, ellipses, parabolas, and hyperbolas - are defined by how the intersecting plane cuts through the cone. The document also provides homework problems asking students to name the four conics and describe ancient mathematicians' contributions to the study of conic sections.

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31 views

Lesson 1.1 Introduction To Conic Sections and Circles

This document provides an introduction to conic sections and circles. It discusses how ancient Greek mathematicians such as Apollonius of Perga and Menaechmus studied conic sections by examining the intersection of planes with right circular cones. The four basic conic sections - circles, ellipses, parabolas, and hyperbolas - are defined by how the intersecting plane cuts through the cone. The document also provides homework problems asking students to name the four conics and describe ancient mathematicians' contributions to the study of conic sections.

Uploaded by

Greenace Avendano
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Introduction to Conic Sections

and Circles

Prepared by:
EDMAR A. TEEL
Teacher III
1
Department of Education
Learning Objectives:

1. Illustrate the different types of conic sections:


parabola, ellipse, circle, hyperbola and
degenerate cases;
2. Define a circle;
3. Determine the standard form of equation
of a circle;
4. Graph a circle in rectangular coordinate
system;

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The Geometric Properties of Curves

Historical Perspective
The history of mathematics tells us the conics were
already studied extensively by the ancient Greeks.
It was Apollonius of Perga (3rd century B.C.) who
wrote an extensive treatise on this curves which he
called conic sections. Apollonius is credited for having
given the names ellipse, parabola, and hyperbola.

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Apollonius of Perga was an ancient Greek geometer
and astronomer known for his work on conic sections.

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 The Greeks defined the conics in terms of the
intersection of a plane and a right circular
cone and studied them in the context of
Geometry.
 A plane is made to cut two inverted right
circular cones connected together at the
vertices.
 The cones are called nappes.

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 If the plane cuts one nappe perpendicular to
the cone axis as in figure 1.1 the figure formed
is a circle.

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 If the plane cuts one nappe at an angle with
the cone axis as in figure 1, the resulting figure
is an ellipse.

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 If the plane cuts one nappe parallel to the side
of a cone, the figure formed is a parabola as in
figure 1.2.

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 If the plane intersects both nappes and is
parallel to the cone axis as in figure 1.3, the
figure is a hyperbola.

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Engagement/Homework
1. Name the four basic conics and describe how
each is obtained from a plane cutting through
two nappes.
2. Get hold of a book on the history of
mathematics and look up the works of these
mathematicians and describe how they are
associated with the conic section:
a.Apollonius (ca 220 bc)
b.Menaechmus (ca 350 bc)

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Homework:
1. Four basic Conics:
Circle- cutting plane is perpendicular to cone
axis.
Ellipse- cutting plane is at an angle with cone
axis
Parabola- cutting plane is parallel to the side of a
cone.
Hyperbola- cutting plane is parallel to the oone
axis and intersects both nappes.
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2. a. Apollonius- wrote an eight volume tratise
on the conic sections gaining him the title Great
Geometer.
b. Menaechmus- a Greek mathematician, was
considered the first to view the curve section
from a geometric point of view. He discovered
that ellipses, parabolas, and hyperbolas are
plane intersections of a cone.

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Apollonius Menaehmus

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