TEMA 3

Características y
demostración práctica de
las lentes convergentes
Profesora:
ISC. LUCÍA ESTHER MARTÍNEZ
ESPINOSA, MGTI
INTEGRANTES:
De los Santos Uitzil Diego Jair
Canul Noh Rubén Omar
Hau Caamal Manuel Jesus
INSTRUMENTOS ÓPTICOS
Position,
TIPOS DE displacement and
01. LENTES 03. distance
You can describe the topic of
the section here

Mechanics Movement and

02. applications 04. trajectory
You can describe the topic of You can describe the topic of
the section here the section here
Principle of conservation of energy

Total energy Potential energy

Energy can be transformed from Potential energy is the energy
one form to another, but the sum stored in an object due to its
total of energy is conserved position or state
Energy
Kinetic energy transformations
The kinetic energy of a body is Energy transformation is the
the energy it possesses due to its process of changing energy from
relative motion one type of energy to another
One-dimensional movement
Concept Definition

Position The location of an object in relation to a reference point

Displacement The change in position of an object

Distance The total length of the path traveled by an object

Velocity The speed with which an object moves

Acceleration The change in velocity of an object per unit of time

MRU Straight-line motion in which an object moves at a constant velocity

MRUA The speed increases or decreases uniformly over time

Mechanics in everyday life
40% 10%
Jupiter Venus
Jupiter is the biggest Venus is the second
planet of them all planet from the Sun

30% 20%
Saturn Mars
Saturn was named Follow the link in the graph to modify its data and then
Mars is actually a very
after a Roman god paste the new one here. For more info, click here cold place
Our team

Sofia Hill Kaliyah Harris

You can speak a bit about this You can speak a bit about this
person here person here
Activity I
True or False activity on the importance and application of mechanics and kinematics in the physical world

Concept T F

Mechanics and kinematics are branches of physics that focus on the study of motion and the
forces that cause it

The principle of conservation of energy states that the total energy of an isolated system
remains constant

Newton's laws are fundamental principles of mechanics that describe the relationship between
forces and the motion of objects

Uniform Rectilinear Motion (MRU) is a type of motion in which the velocity of an object
changes uniformly with time
Newton's forces and laws
Newton's laws

First law Second law Third law

Mercury is the smallest Despite being red, Mars is Jupiter is the biggest planet in
planet of them all actually a cold place the Solar System

Law of inertia Force Action

Acceleration Reaction
Newton's first law
Venus is the second planet from
Rest the Sun

Jupiter is the biggest planet of

Direction them all

Mars is the fourth-brightest

Motion object in the night sky

Saturn is a gas giant with

Brake several rings
Activity II - Newton's first law of motion
Answer the questions on the tables

A - If you throw a stone into the cosmos without B - Supposing you were in space in a weightless
gravitational or frictional influences, the stone environment, would it require a force to set an
will be... object in motion?

C - A 2-kg object is moving horizontally with a speed of 4 m/s. How much net force is required to keep
the object moving at this speed and in this direction?
Activity II - Answers

A B

According to Newton's first law, the rock will An object in space resists changes in its state of
continue in motion in the same direction at motion. A force must be applied to set a stationary
constant speed object in motion

An object in motion will maintain its state of motion. The presence of an unbalanced force changes the
velocity of the object. Answer: 0 N
Acceleration
Acceleration is a vector quantity that is defined as the rate at which an object changes its speed. An object is accelerating if
it is changing its speed

velocity vf - vi
Direction of the acceleration vector
a= =
-Whether the object is speeding up or slowing down
time t -Whether the object is moving in the + or - direction

Positive acceleration Negative acceleration

T V Constant T V T V T V T V

0 0 acceleration 0 0 0 -8 0 8 0 0
Velocity is changing by
1 4 1 4 1 -6 1 6 1 -2
a constant amount
2 8 every second 2 6 2 -4 2 4 2 -4
Activity III - Acceleration
Use the equation for acceleration to determine the acceleration for the following two motions

Practice A Practice B Answer

Time (s) V (m/s) Time (s) V (m/s) Use a = (vf - vi) / t and pick any two points
0 0 0 8 a = (8 m/s - 0 m/s) / (4 s)
1 2 1 6
A a = (8 m/s) / (4 s)
a = 2 m/s/s
2 4 2 4

3 6 3 2 a = (0 m/s - 8 m/s) / (4 s)
B a = (-8 m/s) / (4 s)
4 8 4 0
a = -2 m/s/s
Activity IV - The work-energy
relationship
Answer the questions on the tables

A - A ball falls from a height of 2 meters in the B - A baseball is traveling upward towards a
absence of air resistance man in the bleachers

Answer: Answer:

C - A skier glides from location A to location B D - A bungee cord exerts an upward force
across a friction free ice upon a falling bungee jumper to slow the
jumper
Answer:
Answer:
Activity IV - Answers
A - A ball falls from a height of 2 meters in the B - A baseball is traveling upward towards a
absence of air resistance man in the bleachers

The ball is losing height (falling) and gaining The ball is gaining height (rising) and losing
speed - PE to KE speed (slowing down) - KE to PE

C - A skier glides from location A to location B D - A bungee cord exerts an upward force
across a friction free ice upon a falling bungee jumper to slow the
jumper
The skier is losing height and gaining speed (the
skier is faster at B than at A) - PE to KE The jumper is losing speed (slowing down) and
the bungee cord is stretching - KE to PE
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