PSYCHOLOGICAL ASPECTS

PRESENTED BY:
NAME : NITIKA PANDEY
CLASS : B.SC. 5TH SEM. ID
PRESENETED TO: SUBJECT : LIGHTNING DESIGN
TANZINAT ISLAM COLLEGE : GUWAHATI INSTITUTE OF
FASHION TECHNOLOY
 Light In Architecture and Psychology of Light

Designing with Light Designing with Light

• Light plays a central role in the design of a visual

environment.
The majority of the information that we receive about • The architecture, people and objects are all made
the world around us comes through our eyes.
visible by the lighting.
Light is not only an essential prerequisite, it is the • Light influences our well-being, the aesthetic effect and
medium by which we are able to see.
the mood of a room or area.
Through its intensity, the way it is distributed and
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through its properties, light creates specific conditions • It is light that first enables “what you see”.
which can influence our perception. Lighting design is,
in fact, the planning of our visual environment.
Our perception of architecture will be influenced by
Good lighting design aims to create perceptual light:
conditions which allow us to work effectively
and orient ourselves safely while promoting a
– Light defines zones and boundaries,
feeling of well-being in a particular environment. – Light expands and accentuates rooms,
– Light creates links and delineates one area from
another.

3 4
Planning and Process Planning and Process: Schematic

• Preliminary lighting concepts list

the properties that lighting should
possess. They may give no exact
information about the choice of
lamps or fixtures or their
• The basis for every lighting concept is an analysis arrangement.
of the project… • Further analysis provides
– the tasks the lighting is expected to fulfill, illumination guidelines giving
– the conditions and special features of a space or information about the individual
work surface. forms of lighting… i.e. high light
• When it comes to qualitative planning, it is levels will need high performance
necessary to gain as much information as possible fixtures and lamps, etc.
about the environment to be illuminated, how it is • The challenge of a qualitative
used, who will use it and the style of the lighting design is to develop a
architecture.
design concept that combines the
• A quantitative design concept can to a large
technical and aesthetic requirements
extent follow the standards laid down for a specific
of complex guidelines.
task.
Summary • A concept that delivers the required
– standards will dictate how much light is
• An understanding performance with a equal level of
needed,
quality versus technical expertise and the highest
– the degree of glare limitation,
quantity level of artistic clarity will produce
– the source color and color rendering.
• Art and Science the most convincing solution.
 Light In Architecture and Psychology of Light

Planning and Process: Design Development Lighting Effects: Shadows and Gradient

• As the design phase progresses, decisions

are made regarding:
– the lamps and fixtures to be used The continuous luminance gradient
– the arrangement and installation of the across the surface of the wall is
fixtures
interpreted as a property of the
– any required electrical and control devices
• The decision regarding lamp type can be made at
lighting. The wall reflectance factor
the beginning of a project or left until an is assumed to be constant. The grey
advanced planning stage 5 6 of the sharply framed picture is
• Lighting layouts (the plan) can be determined by interpreted as a material property,
the choice of a light fixture or could be the criteria although the luminance is identical to
for fixture selection. the luminance in the corner of the
Lighting design process should be seen as a
room.
“back and forth” check in which developed
solutions are repeatedly compared to the
predetermined goals and requirements.

Summary •
• Utilization of Space
• Psychological Requirements
Changing luminance levels may arise from the spatial
• Architecture and Ambience
form of the illuminated object; examples of this are the
formation of typical shadows on objects such as cubes,
cylinders or spheres.

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Light In Architecture and Psychology of Light

Lighting Effects: Shadows and Gradient Lighting Effects: Illumination of 3D Objects

Irrespective of size, a three-dimensional artifact must be illuminated from several different directions.

A non-continuous luminance gradient across Light from multiple directions..

a surface may create confusion, miss-
information, or the perception of darkness / • models a sculpture
gloom – or is this drama? • expresses depth by highlighting some areas
while allowing others to fall into shadow
• different angles render material variations with
lesser or greater emphasis
Combination Key, Fill, and
Back light

Key light only Fill light only Back light only

 Light In Architecture and Psychology of Light

Subjective Impressions
1.Direct lighting on table strong contrast, too harsh for lighting faces
Pleasantness: Neutral
Clarity: Hazy, quiet impression
Spaciousness: Strong impression of confinement
Subjective Impressions
2.Lighting on all walls, low intensity, suitable for display
Pleasantness: Neutral, tending towards a more
pleasant impression
Clarity: Neutral Reinforced by
Spaciousness: Promotes impression of spaciousness, increased height
• Uniform peripheral
3.Lighting of cove above, low intensity, pleasant for near and distant faces
lighting, especially on
Pleasantness: Strong negative
walls
Clarity: Strong promoting hazy, quiet impression
Spaciousness: Neutral
• Brightness is
4.Direct lighting on table, Lighting of small wall reinforcing, but not
decisive
Pleasantness: Relatively Strong positive
Clarity: Neutral SPACIOUSNESS
Spaciousness: Neutral with strength in impression of length

5.Direct lighting on table, Lighting of cove above soft subdued effect, pleasant for
near faces Pleasantness: Relatively Strong negative 66
Clarity: Strong
Spaciousness: Somewhat

6.Lighting of cove above, Lighting of walls flat shadow free

Pleasantness: Strong
Clarity: Strong
Spaciousness: Strong
 Light In Architecture and Psychology of Light

The Three Elements of Light

General or Ambient lighting

provides an area with overall illumination. Also known as ambient lighting,
general lighting radiates a comfortable level of brightness, enabling one to
see and walk about safely.

Task Lighting or Lighting at the Work plane

helps you perform specific tasks such as reading, sewing, cooking,
homework, hobbies, games, or balancing your checkbook.

Light or Highlighting
adds drama to a room by creating visual interest. As part of a decorating
scheme, it is used to spotlight paintings, houseplants, sculpture, and other
prized possessions, or to highlight the texture of a wall, drapery or outdoor
landscaping.
 MEASURING OF
LIGHTNING
Light can be measured subjectively, based on the brightness seen by the
human eye. Units include candles, lumens, foot-candles and lux. A source of
light has a luminosity of one candle if its output appears to match that of a
“standard candle”.

Light : units and measurement

Physical Units Subjective Units

• Light is a form of energy, and can be • Light can be measured subjectively, based on the
measured in energy units (joules, calories) brightness seen by the human eye. Units include
or in quantum units (quanta, Einstein's). candles, lumens, foot-candles and lux.
Conversion between these units is
wavelength dependent. • A source of light has a luminosity of one candle if its
output appears to match that of a “standard candle”.
• Light intensity is measured for example
with a LICOR light meter or a QSL • These units are based on human vision and are
(quantum scalar irradiance) meter. therefore useful in specifying safe and comfortable
levels of illumination eg. schools and offices .
• These units are preferred for most
purposes in photo-chemistry and
photobiology.
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