9th Grade

OBJECTIV
ES:
At the end of the lesson, the learners should be able
to:
• understand simple events;
• solve for the probability of simple events, solve for
the complement and the odds of an event; and
• show cooperation in group activities.
START
Instructions
1. Click the questions button at
the left part to reveal the
question.
2. If they got the correct answer,
click the “Click to move”
button at the bottom left
corner to move the pirate.
3. If they finally reach the
treasure chest, click the
treasure chest to reveal
what’s inside.

START
LEVEL 1

LEVEL 2

LEVEL 3

LEVEL 4

LEVEL 5

LEVEL 6

LEVEL 7

Click to
Move
Question # 1

Reveal Answer
 Answer for # 1

EXPERIMENT

Return to the game

Question # 2

Reveal Answer
 Answer for # 2

SAMPLE SPACE

Return to the game

Question # 3

Reveal Answer
Answer for # 3

OUTCOME

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Question # 4

Reveal Answer
Answer for # 4

TRIAL

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Question # 5

Reveal Answer
Answer for # 5

EVENT

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Question # 6

Reveal Answer
 Answer for # 6

PROBABILITY

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Question # 7

Reveal Answer
 Answer for # 7

SIMPLE EVENT

Return to the game

Put the picture or
answer here
 Probability of an Event
(E)
Probability measures the likelihood or chance that
an event will occur.

Formula to find the probability of an event :

P(E) =
EXAMPLE
1:
When tossing a coin two times, what is the
probability of at least getting a tail?

Solution:
Favorable outcomes = 3 (T)
Total no. of outcomes = 4 (HH, HT, TH,
TT)
1st toss 2nd Toss Outcomes
P(E) = Head HH
Head
P(E) = Tail HT

P(E) = 0.75 Tail

Head TH
Tail TT
 EXAMPLE
2:
If you throw a die, what is the probability that you’ll get
an even number?
Solution:
Favorable outcomes = 3 (2,4,6)
Total no. of outcomes = 6 (1,2,3,4,5,6)
P(E) =
P(E) = or
P(E) = 0.50
EXAMPLE
3:
What is the probability of getting a Queen in a
standard deck of cards?

Solution:
Favorable outcomes = 4 (QH, QS, QC, QD)
Total no. of outcomes = 52

P(E) =
P(E) = or
P(E) = 0.08
 EXAMPLE
4:

What is the probability of getting a black card in a

standard deck of cards?
Favorable outcomes = 26
Total no. of outcomes = 52
P(E) =
P(E) = or
P(E) = 0.50
 Complementary
Events
Two events are said to be complementary when one
event occurs if and only if the other does not. The
probability of two complementary events add up to 1.

Complementary events are two outcomes of an event

that are the only two possible outcomes.
P(E) + P() = 1
 Complementary
Events
S
E
E

Sample space S, event E, and complement event

EXAMPLE
S:
Flipping a coin
P(Heads) = P(E) = ½ or 0.5
P(Tails) = P() = ½ or 0.5
P(E) + P() = 0.5 + 0.5
=1
Picking a card
P(Picking a red card) = P(E) = 26/52 = ½ or 0.5
P(Picking a black card) = P() = 26/52 = ½ or
0.5
P(E) + P() = 0.5 + 0.5
=1
EXAMPLE
S:
Rolling a die
P(Rolling a 2 or lower) = P(E) = 2/6
P(Rolling a 3 or higher) = P() = 4/6
P(E) + P() = 2/6 + 4/6
=1

Picking a card
P(Picking a Jack) = P(E) = 4/52 = 1/13
P(Not picking a Jack) = P() = 48/52 = 12/13
P(E) + P() = 1/13 + 12/13
=1
 Properties of Probability
Property 1. Probabilities are always between 0 and 1.
0 P(E) 1
Property 2. The probability of the event and the complement of an
event is equal to 1.
P(E) + P() = 1
Property 3. The probability of the event is equal to 1 minus the
probability of the complement of an event.
P(E) = 1 - P()
Property 4. The complement of an event is equal to 1 minus the
probability of the event
P() = 1 – P(E)
 Properties of Probability
1. If the probability of an event is 3/8, what
is the probability of its complement?
Solution:
P() = 1 – P(E)
Property 1) 0 P(E) 1
P() = 1 – 3/8
Property 2) P(E) + P() = 1 P() = 5/8
2. If the complement event is 7/20, what is
Property 3) P(E) = 1 - P()
the probability of the event?
Solution:
Property 4) P() = 1 – P(E)
P(E) = 1 - P()
P(E) = 1 – 7/20
P(E) = 13/20
 Properties of Probability
1. If the probability of an event is 3/8, what
is the probability of its complement?
Solution:
P() = 1 – P(E)
Property 1) 0 P(E) 1
P() = 1 – 3/8
Property 2) P(E) + P() = 1 P() = 5/8
2. If the complement event is 7/20, what is
Property 3) P(E) = 1 - P()
the probability of the event?
Solution:
Property 4) P() = 1 – P(E)
P(E) = 1 - P()
P(E) = 1 – 7/20
P(E) = 13/20
 Odds of an Event
- The odds of an event is the ratio of the probability of an
event to the probability of its complement.
- It is the ratio of favorable outcomes to unfavorable
outcomes.

The odds of drawing a ball

The odds of getting a that is 10 or lower from a
head when tossing a lottery with 100 balls is
coin is 1:1. 10:90, which reduces to 1:9.
 Odds of an Event
If we flip a coin two times, what are the odds for it landing
tails at least once?

Solution:
Favorable outcomes: 3 – HT, TH, TT
Unfavorable outcome: 1 – HH
Therefore, the odds for it landing tails at
least once are 3 to 1, or 3:1.
 Odds of an Event
If the probability of an event happening is 3/7, what are the
odds for that event?
 Odds of an Event
If the probability of an event happening is 3/7, what are the
odds for that event?

Solution:
Since the probability of the event is 3/7, the probability of its
complement is 4/7.
Therefore, the odds for that event is 3/7:4/7 or 3:4.
 QUIZ
Answer the following questions on a ¼ sheet of paper. (10 minutes)

A. From a standard deck of 52 cards, B. In rolling a die, what is the

what is the probability of probability of having
1. picking a black card? 5. a number greater than 3?
2. picking a face card? 6. a prime number?
3. not picking a face card? 7. a multiple of 2?
4. picking a red face card? 8. a number between 1 and 5?
C. Complementary Events
9. What is the complement event of rolling a 5 on a die?
10. What is the complement event of getting rejected by your crush after a
confession?
 QUIZ
Answer the following questions on a ¼ sheet of paper. (10 minutes)

A. From a standard deck of 52 cards, what is B. In rolling a die, what is the probability of
the probability of having
1. picking a black card? – 26/52 or ½ 5. a number greater than 3? – 3/6 or ½
2. picking a face card? – 12/52 or 3/13 6. a prime number? – 3/6 or ½
3. not picking a face card? – 40/52 or 10/13 7. a multiple of 2? – 3/6 or ½
4. picking a red face card? – 6/52 or 3/26 8. a number between 1 and 5? - 3/6 or ½
C. Complementary Events
9. What is the complement event of rolling a 5 on a die? – Rolling a 1,2,3,4, and 6
10. What is the complement event of getting rejected by your crush after a
confession? – Getting your feelings reciprocated
 Do you have any questions?
@Princess Pauline Laiz

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