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LEARNING

Learning is defined as a change in behavior resulting from experience. It is a continuous lifelong process that is influenced by many factors. There are several types of learning including stimulus-response, perceptual, motor, verbal, conceptual, discrimination, problem solving, and attitude learning. Learning is affected by learner characteristics like age and intelligence, teacher characteristics like teaching skill, and content factors like nature and organization of material. Learning allows people to adapt, develop skills, and achieve their goals in life.

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26 views

LEARNING

Learning is defined as a change in behavior resulting from experience. It is a continuous lifelong process that is influenced by many factors. There are several types of learning including stimulus-response, perceptual, motor, verbal, conceptual, discrimination, problem solving, and attitude learning. Learning is affected by learner characteristics like age and intelligence, teacher characteristics like teaching skill, and content factors like nature and organization of material. Learning allows people to adapt, develop skills, and achieve their goals in life.

Uploaded by

Aparajita Guin
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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LEARNING

Nature, types, learner, learning,


factor influencing
Introduction

 One of the most important characteristics of human beings is their capacity to learn.
 Our personality, our habits, skills, knowledge, attitudes, interests and character are largely
the result of learning.
 It is through learning that one can control one’s environment, and bring about changes or
modification of behavior.
What is learning?

 The term learning covers every modification in behavior to meet


environmental requirements. - Gardner Murphy (1968)-
 Any activity can be called learning so far as it develops the individual (in
any respect, good or bad) and makes his later behavior and experiences
different from what they would otherwise have been. -
Woodworth (1945)
 Learning is the process by which behavior changed through practice or
training. Kingsley and Garry (1957)
Nature/Characteristic of learning

 Learning is the change in behaviour.


 Learning is a continuous life long process.
 Learning is a universal process.
 Learning is purposive and goal directed.
 Learning involves reconstruction of experiences.
 Learning is the product of activity and environment.
Nature/Characteristic of learning

 Learning is transferable from one situation to another.


 Learning helps in attainment of teaching – learning objectives.
 Learning helps in the proper growth and development.
 Learning helps in the balanced development of the personality.
 Learning helps in proper adjustment.
 Learning helps in the realization of goals of life.
Learning skill Imagination

Use of
memory

Personal and
social
attributes Learner
characteristic
Use of senses

Listening
skill
Thinking skill
Types of Learning

Stimulus response learning: conditioning of the respondent behavior e.g classical


conditioning.
Types of Learning

Perceptual learning: Learning through the five senses .

Motor learning: Most of our activities in our day-to-days life refer to motor activities.
The individual has to learn them in order to maintain his regular life, for example walking,
running, skating, driving, climbing, etc. All these activities involve the muscular coordination.
Types of Learning

Verbal learning: This type of learning involves the language we speak, the
communication devices we use. Signs, pictures, symbols, words, figures, sounds, etc, are the
tools used in such activities. We use words for communication.

Concept learning: It is the form of learning which requires higher order mental processes
like thinking, reasoning, intelligence, etc. we learn different concepts from childhood. For
example, when we see a dog and attach the term ‘dog’, we learn that the word dog refers to a
particular animal. Concept learning involves two processes, viz. abstraction and generalisation.
This learning is very useful in recognising, identifying things.
Types of Learning

Discrimination learning: Learning to differentiate between stimuli and showing an


appropriate response to these stimuli is called discrimination learning. Example, sound horns
of different vehicles like bus, car, ambulance, etc.

Problem solving: This is a higher order learning process. This learning requires the use of
cognitive abilities-such as thinking, reasoning, observation, imagination, generalization, etc.
This is very useful to overcome difficult problems encountered by the people.
Types of Learning

Attitude learning: Attitude is a predisposition which determines and directs our


behaviour. We develop different attitudes from our childhood about the people, objects and
everything we know. Our behaviour may be positive or negative depending upon our attitudes.
Example: attitudes of nurse towards her profession, patients, etc.

Bloom’s Domains of Learning: Cognitive domain of learning, Psychomotor domain


of learning and Affective domain of learning.

Formal, Informal learning


Factors affecting Learning

Learner Related Factor:


 Age
 Motivation
 Intelligence/ Aptitude
 Learner’s physical and mental health
 The level of aspiration and achievement motivation
 Goal of life
 Readiness and will power
 Maturation
 Learning styles
Factors affecting Learning

Teacher Related Factor


 Mastery over the subject matter
 Art and skill teaching
 Personality traits and behaviour of the teacher
 Level of adjustment and mental health of the teacher
 Type of discipline and interaction maintained by the teacher.
Factors affecting Learning

Contents Related Factor


 Nature of the contents or learning experience
 Selection of the content or learning experiences
 Organization of the contents or learning experience
Miscellaneous factor
 Good working condition
 Social support
 Availability of resources
Conclusion

The capacity to learn is a gift, the ability to learn is a skill,


the willingness to learn is a choice: Brian Herbert

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