Conditional Probability 2

1) There is a bag with 5 counters: 2 green, 2 yellow, 1 pink. Two counters are selected without replacement. The probability that both are yellow is 1/3. 2) There is a bag with red and blue counters in a 3:1 ratio. The probability that both counters selected are blue is 1/4. The total number of counters originally in the bag is 12.

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Conditional Probability 2

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Conditional Probability 2 08/11/2023

1) There are five counters in a bag.

Two counters are green, two counters are yellow and one counter is pink.
Two counters are selected without replacement.
Find the probability that both counters are yellow.

2) There are some red counters and some blue counters in a bag.
The ratio of red counters to blue counters is 3:1.
Two counters are removed at random.
The probability that both the counters taken are blue is .
Work out how many counters were in the bag before any counters were
removed.
Conditional Probability 2 08/11/2023
1) There are five counters in a bag.
Two counters are green, two counters are yellow and one counter is pink.
Two counters are selected without replacement.
Find the probability that both counters are yellow.
Conditional Probability 2 08/11/2023
2) There are some red counters and some blue counters in a bag.
The ratio of red counters to blue counters is 3:1.
Two counters are removed at random.
The probability that both the counters taken are blue is .
Work out how many counters were in the bag before any counters were
removed.
Shade Shade
Conditional probabilities in
Venn diagrams
and are two events such 𝐴 𝐵
that , and .
0.4 0.25
0.15

a) Draw a Venn diagram 0.2

showing the probabilities

for events and .  As in the previous section, the ‘area’
we are considering is being
Find: restricted to (0.4)
b)
So the probability of happening,
c) given that happens, is
3
d) ¿
8

2C
Conditional probabilities in
Venn diagrams
and are two events such 𝐴 𝐵
that , and .
0.4 0.25
0.15

a) Draw a Venn diagram 0.2

showing the probabilities

for events and .  We are only going to consider the
Find: region where happens (total of 0.8)

b) 3
So the probability of happening,
c) 8
given that happens, is ¿ 1
d) 2

2C
Conditional probabilities in
Venn diagrams
and are two events such 𝐴 𝐵
that , and .
0.4 0.25
0.15

a) Draw a Venn diagram 0.2

showing the probabilities

for events and .  We are only going to consider the
Find: region where does not happen (total
of 0.6)
b) 3
c) 8 So the probability of not
1 happening, given that does not
d) 2
happen, is ¿ 1
3

2C
Complete
Exercise 2C
𝑃 ( 𝐴∪ 𝐵 ) =𝑃 ( 𝐴 ) + 𝑃 ( 𝐵 ) − 𝑃 ( 𝐴∩ 𝐵)

Probability Formulae
On a Venn diagram, let and . 𝐴 𝐵
𝑎 − 𝑖𝑖𝑏 − 𝑖
Let the intersection

The probability of or , , will

be equal to the sum of the 𝑃 ( 𝐴∪ 𝐵 ) =¿ 𝑎 − 𝑖 +𝑖+𝑏 − 𝑖
three regions shown Simplify
Replace
𝑃 ( 𝐴∪ 𝐵 ) =¿ 𝑎 +𝑏 −𝑖 each term
using the
information
𝑃 ( 𝐴∪ 𝐵 ) =¿ 𝑃 ( 𝐴) + 𝑃 ( 𝐵 ) − 𝑃 ( 𝐴 ∩ 𝐵) in the
question

Note that for mutually exclusive events, , so:

2D
𝑃 ( 𝐴∪ 𝐵 ) =𝑃 ( 𝐴 ) + 𝑃 ( 𝐵 ) − 𝑃 ( 𝐴∩ 𝐵)

Probability Formulae
A and B are two events, 𝑃 ( 𝐴 ∪ 𝐵 ) =𝑃 ( 𝐴 ) + 𝑃 ( 𝐵 ) − 𝑃 ( 𝐴 ∩ 𝐵) Sub in values
from the
such that: 0.9=0.6 +0.7 − 𝑃 ( 𝐴 ∩ 𝐵) question
Simplify
0.9=1.3 − 𝑃 ( 𝐴∩ 𝐵)
Calculate
𝑃 ( 𝐴 ∩ 𝐵)=0.4
.
Find .