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Health and Illness

The document discusses key concepts related to health, illness, wellness, and disease. It defines health as a state of complete physical, mental and social well-being, while illness is a highly personal diminished state of functioning. Disease is an alteration of body functions resulting in reduced capacity. Wellness involves awareness and choices toward a healthy life. The document also outlines the seven components of wellness, stages of illness, classification of diseases, levels of prevention and care.

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15 views31 pages

Health and Illness

The document discusses key concepts related to health, illness, wellness, and disease. It defines health as a state of complete physical, mental and social well-being, while illness is a highly personal diminished state of functioning. Disease is an alteration of body functions resulting in reduced capacity. Wellness involves awareness and choices toward a healthy life. The document also outlines the seven components of wellness, stages of illness, classification of diseases, levels of prevention and care.

Uploaded by

cyrilsarmiento9
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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WEEK 3:

HEALTH AND
ILLNESS
BY: MARK JOSEPH DUQUE MAGTANONG
Health
►-state of complete physical, mental and social
well-being and not merely the absence of dse. and
infirmity.(WHO)

► -state ‘of being well and using every power the


individual possesses to the fullest extent
(nightingale).
Illness
►is highly personal state in which the persons
physical, emotional, intellectual, social,
developmental, or spiritual functioning is thought
to be diminished.

►only the individual person can say he or she is ill.


(highly subjective).
Disease

►alteration in body functions resulting in a


reduction of capacities or shortening of the
normal lifespan.
Wellness
►active process of becoming aware and making
choices toward a healthy and fulfilling life.

►Health is the goal –wellness is the action/ways


Well-being

►experience of health, happiness and prosperity (ex:


having a good mental health, high life satisfaction,
a sense of meaning and purpose and ability to
manage stress.)
►More generally it’s just feeling well.
►subjective perception of vitality and feeling well.
Health Illness Continuum

►Measures person perceived of wellness.


►if towards health-positive outlook (awareness,
education, growth)
►if towards premature death-negative outlook
(achieved in three steps: signs, symptoms,
disability)
Seven components of wellness

►Physical
► the ability to carry out tasks, achieve fitness, maintain
adequate nutrition and body fat, avoid abusing drugs and
alcohol or tobacco products, and generally practice
positive lifestyle habits.
Seven components of wellness

►Social
► the ability to interact successfully with people and within
the environment of which each person is a part, to develop
respect and tolerance for those with different opinions and
beliefs.
► Part of this is developing intimacy with others.
Seven components of wellness

►Emotional
► the ability to manage stress and express emotions
appropriately.
► It involves ability to recognize,accept and express
feelings.
Seven components of wellness

►Intellectual
► the ability to learn and use information effectively
for personal, family and career development
►Striving for continued growth and deal with new
challenges successfully.
Seven components of wellness

► Spiritual
► the belief in some force that serves to unite
human beings and provide meaning and purpose to
life. It includes aperson’s own morals, values, and
ethics.
►religion
Seven components of wellness

►Occupational
► the ability to achieve balance between work and
leisure time.
Seven components of wellness

►Environmental
► the ability to promote health measures that
improve the standard of living and quality of life in
the community these includes influences such as
food, water, and air.
Illness

►is highly personal state in which the persons


physical, emotional, intellectual, social,
developmental, or spiritual functioning is thought
to be diminished.
►only the individual person can say he or she is ill.
(highly subjective).
Disease

►alteration in body functions resulting in a


reduction of capacities or shortening of the normal
lifespan.
Precursor of Illness

1. Heredity
2. Behavioral factors
3. Environmental factors
Common Causes of Disease

1. Biologic agent
2. Inherited genetic defects
3. Developmental defects
4. Physical agents
5. Chemical agents
6. Tissue response to irritation/ injury
7. Faulty chemical/ metabolic process
8. Emotional/ physical reaction to stress
Stages of Illness or Illness
Behavior (Schumann)
a. Symptoms experience

► The person is aware that something is wrong.


A person usually recognizes a physical sensation or
a limitation in functioning but does not suspect a
specific diagnosis.
► Ex:pain,fever
b. Assumption of the sick role

► If symptom persist and become severe, clients assume the


sick role. At this point, the illness becomes a social
phenomenon, and sick people seek confirmation from their
families and social groups that they are indeed ill and that
they be excused from normal duties and role expectations.
c. Medical care contract

►If symptoms persist despite the home remedies,


become severe or require emergency care, the
person is motivated to seek professional health
services. In this stage the client seeks expert
acknowledgement of the illness as well as the
treatment.
d. Dependent client role

► The client depends on health care professionals for


the relief of symptoms. The client accepts are, sympathy
and protection from the demands and stresses of life. A
client can adopt the dependent role in a health care
institution, at home, or in a community setting. The client
must also adjust to the disruption of a daily schedule.
e. Recovery and rehabilitation

► This stage can arrive suddenly, such as when the


symptoms appeared. In the case of chronic illness,
the final stage may involve in an adjustment to a
prolong reduction in health and functioning
CLASSIFICATION OF DISEASES
A. According to Etiologic Factors

1.Hereditary
2.Congenital
3.Metabolic
4.Deficiency
5.Traumatic
6.Allergic
7.Neoplastic
8.Idiopathic
9.Degenerative
Iatrogenic
10.
B. According to Duration or Onset

1.Acute Illness
2.Chronic Illness
i. Remission
ii. Exacerbation
3.Sub-acute
C. Others

1.Organic
2.Functional
3.Occupational
4.Familial
5.Venereal
6.Epidemic
7.Endemic
8.Pandemic
9.Sporadic
LEVELS OF PREVENTION:
1.primary
► To encourage optimal health and to increase the persons resistance to illness.
► health promotion/ specific protection.
2.secondary
► a.k.a as health maintenance
► early diagnosis, detection and screening
► prompt treatment to limit disability
3. tertiary
► to support the clients achievements of successful adaptation to known risk,optimal reconstitution,
and establishment of high level wellness.
► restoration and rehabilitation
LEVELS OF CARE
► Health Promotion
► are activities directed toward increasing the level of well-being and self-actualization.
► Activities that Improve quality of life
► Disease Prevention
► prevent a disease from occurring
► Health Maintenance
► health care that emphasizes health promotion and disease prevention rather than the management of symptoms and illness.
► Curative
► refers to health care practices that treat patients with the intent of curing them, not just reducing their pain or stress. An
example is chemotherapy, which seeks to cure cancer patients.
► Rehabilitative
► Health care services that help you keep, get back, or improve skills and functioning for daily living that have been lost or
impaired because you were sick, hurt, or disabled.

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