Scribd
Upload
29 views9 pages

Loudness & Pitch

The document discusses loudness and pitch. It defines loudness as the subjective perception of sound pressure and explains how it differs from physical sound measurements. Loudness depends on factors like sound pressure level, frequency, and duration. Pitch is the quality that allows sounds to be judged as higher or lower and depends on vibration frequency. Both loudness and pitch perception can be altered in individuals with sensorineural hearing loss.

Uploaded by

Muhammad bilal
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
29 views9 pages

Loudness & Pitch

The document discusses loudness and pitch. It defines loudness as the subjective perception of sound pressure and explains how it differs from physical sound measurements. Loudness depends on factors like sound pressure level, frequency, and duration. Pitch is the quality that allows sounds to be judged as higher or lower and depends on vibration frequency. Both loudness and pitch perception can be altered in individuals with sensorineural hearing loss.

Uploaded by

Muhammad bilal
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 9

Loudness & pitch:

GUL E ZAHRA NAQVI


LECTURER AUDIOLOGY
BMDC BAHAWALPUR
Loudness;

 In acoustics, loudness is the subjective perception of sound pressure. It is


defined as, "That attribute of auditory sensation in terms of which sounds can be
ordered on a scale extending from quiet to loud.
 The relation of physical attributes of sound to perceived loudness consists of
physical, physiological and psychological components. The study of apparent
loudness is included in the topic of psychoacoustics and employs methods of
psychophysics.
 Loudness, a subjective measure, is often confused with physical measures of
sound strength such as sound pressure, sound pressure level (in decibels),
sound intensity or sound power.
Loudness:

 In different industries, loudness may have different meanings and different


measurement standards.
 The perception of loudness is related to sound pressure level (SPL), frequency
content and duration of a sound. The relationship between SPL and loudness of a
single tone can be approximated by Stevens's power law in which SPL has an
exponent of 0.67
 Historically, loudness was measured using an "ear-balance" audiometer in which
the amplitude of a sine wave was adjusted by the user to equal the perceived
loudness of the sound being evaluated.
Dependency:

 Amplitude (e.g drumbeat)


 Area of vibrating body
 Distance from vibrating body
 Ear quality
Hearing loss;

 When sensorineural hearing loss (damage to the cochlea or in the brain) is present, the
perception of loudness is altered. Sounds at low levels (often perceived by those without hearing
loss as relatively quiet) are no longer audible to the hearing impaired, but sounds at high levels
often are perceived as having the same loudness as they would for an unimpaired listener. This
phenomenon can be explained by two theories, called "loudness recruitment and softness
imperception"
 Loudness recruitment posits that loudness grows more rapidly for certain listeners than normal
listeners with changes in level. This theory has been accepted as the classical explanation.
 Softness imperception, a term coined by Mary Florentine around 2002, proposes that some
listeners with sensorineural hearing loss may exhibit a normal rate of loudness growth, but
instead have an elevated loudness at their threshold. That is, the softest sound that is audible to
these listeners is louder than the softest sound audible to normal listeners.
Pitch;

 Pitch is a perceptual property of sounds that allows their ordering on a frequency-related scale, or
more commonly, pitch is the quality that makes it possible to judge sounds as "higher" and "lower"
in the sense associated with musical melodies.
 Pitch can be determined only in sounds that have a frequency that is clear and stable enough to
distinguish from noise.
 Pitch is a major auditory attribute of musical tones, along with duration, loudness, and timbre
 Difference between shrill and greave sound.
 Depends on frequency (no of vibration passing in a second)
Pitch:

 Pitch may be quantified as a frequency, but pitch is not a purely objective physical
property; it is a subjective psychoacoustical attribute of sound. Historically, the study
of pitch and pitch perception has been a central problem in psychoacoustics, and
has been instrumental in forming and testing theories of sound representation,
processing, and perception in the auditory system.
• Pitch the perceived frequency of sound including "definite pitch" and "indefinite pitch"
• Absolute pitch or "perfect pitch"
• Pitch class, a set of all pitches that are a whole number of octaves apart
• Relative pitch, the ability to identify a given musical interval between two notes
• Pitch accent, a form of accentuation in speech

You might also like