Scribd
Upload
44 views19 pages

Bio Homeostasis

Homeostasis refers to any self-regulating process in biological systems that maintains stability. The document discusses several examples of homeostasis in plants and animals. It describes how mammals like hibernating bears and desert foxes enter low-metabolism states in harsh environments to reduce their need for homeostasis. Marine animals have adaptations like countercurrent heat exchange to maintain core temperatures. Plants also minimize their need for homeostasis through dormancy, salt tolerance, and reduced transpiration. The document analyzes what may happen if substances like carbon dioxide, water, urea, chloride ions, and sodium are not properly excreted.

Uploaded by

Rainer Wibowo
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
44 views19 pages

Bio Homeostasis

Homeostasis refers to any self-regulating process in biological systems that maintains stability. The document discusses several examples of homeostasis in plants and animals. It describes how mammals like hibernating bears and desert foxes enter low-metabolism states in harsh environments to reduce their need for homeostasis. Marine animals have adaptations like countercurrent heat exchange to maintain core temperatures. Plants also minimize their need for homeostasis through dormancy, salt tolerance, and reduced transpiration. The document analyzes what may happen if substances like carbon dioxide, water, urea, chloride ions, and sodium are not properly excreted.

Uploaded by

Rainer Wibowo
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 19

Homeostasis

Group Discussion
(Rainer & Jean-Vif)

Homeostasis.
Homeo
Stasis
Any self-regulating process by which
biological systems tend to maintain
stability while adjusting to conditions
that are optimal for survival.

Homeostasis..
Positive
Feedback.
What does it do?
Positive feedback loops move a system away from equilibrium. Unlike
negative feedback, positive feedback REINFORCES the original
stimulus, causing the response to worsen/intensify the initial change.

Read more

Homeostasis.
Example:
FRUIT RIPENING

Homeostasis.
A banana in the bunch
ripens

Homeostasis.
Ripe banana releases
ethylene

Homeostasis.
Ethylene signals
neighbours to ripen

Homeostasis.
Neighbours produce more
ethylene

Homeostasis.
More bananas ripen

Homeostasis.
FRUIT RIPENING
Diagram
Ethylene
A banana in Ripe banana Neighbours
signals More bananas
the bunch releases produce more
neighbours to ripen
ripens ethylene ethylene
open

Homeostasis.
Hibernation
and Topor.

Decline in Metabolic Rate

Many mammals in cold environments enter


a state of hibernation or torpor during the
winter months.
• In these states, their metabolic rate drops
significantly, reducing the need for
energy and temperature regulation.
• This minimizes the necessity of
homeostasis for maintaining a constant
body temperature and conserving
energy.

What Mammals Do This?

Homeostasis.
Nocturnal Behaviour
Reduced Heat Exposure
Some desert-dwelling mammals, like the fennec fox, have evolved a pale coat color and are nocturnal to reduce exposure to extreme daytime
heat. This minimizes the need for cooling mechanisms and helps conserve water.

Fur-covered Heat-radiating ears Pale-coloured fur


feet

Other Adaptations

Homeostasis.
Countercurrent
Heat Exchange
Most marine mammals have specialized blood SEA LIONS
vessels in their flippers and tails that allow for
countercurrent heat exchange. This adaptation
prevents excessive heat loss in cold water by
conserving heat within the core of their bodies, DOLPHINS
reducing the energy required to maintain a
constant internal temperature.

WHALES

Homeostasis.
Plants

Dormancy
Decreased Activity

Some plants in extremely dry or cold


environments enter a state of dormancy, where
they reduce metabolic activity and slow down
growth. This minimizes the need for water and
energy, reducing the necessity of homeostasis
during challenging conditions. Potato
Plants

Homeostasis.
Plants

Halophytic
Adaptations
Plants in saline environments, such as mangroves,
have evolved mechanisms to tolerate high salt
concentrations. They can exclude or sequester salt, Salt glands

preventing it from affecting their internal water Features Ultra-filtration system


balance.
Stilt-like roots

Homeostasis.
Leaf
Modifications.
Minimizing Water Loss

Xerophytic plants have adapted to water-scarce


environments with features like reduced leaf size, thick
waxy cuticles, and modified stomatal structures.

“These adaptations minimize water loss through


transpiration and reduce the necessity of
maintaining water balance.”

Homeostasis.
What If...
Certain Substances Aren’t Excreted

Carbon Dioxide Water


Normal concentration: 23 to 29 Normal concentration: ~60% of our
milliequivalents per liter (mEq/L) whole body

What Problems May Arise? What Problems May Arise?


IT CAN LEAD TO respiratory acidosis, causing the blood to IT CAN LEAD TO a condition known as water retention
become too acidic, which can result in symptoms like or edema, causing swelling in various body tissues.
confusion and difficulty breathing. In severe cases, it can This can result in high blood pressure, strain on the
affect vital organs and potentially be life-threatening. heart, and discomfort due to the excess fluid.
Homeostasis.
Urea (normal conc: 1.8 to 7.1 Chloride ions (normal conc:
mmol per litre) 96-106 mEq/L)

IT CAN LEAD TO a condition called IT CAN LEAD TO disruption of the body's


uremia, which can cause symptoms such acid-base balance, potentially leading to
as fatigue, nausea, and can be life- metabolic acidosis and associated
threatening if left untreated. symptoms like weakness and confusion.

Sodium (normal conc: 135-


145 mEq/L)
IT CAN LEAD TO high blood pressure,
fluid retention, and potentially damage
the heart and blood vessels.

Homeostasis.
And... that’s the end~

Thank

Homeostasis.

You might also like