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Unit 1. Introduction, Lab Safety and Waste Management

The document discusses proper laboratory safety protocols, including wearing protective equipment, keeping work areas clean and organized, properly handling and disposing of chemicals and glassware, knowing the locations and proper uses of safety equipment, and being aware of material safety data sheets. It also covers cleaning and marking glassware by washing with detergent and water, rinsing thoroughly, and drying when necessary. Maintaining a laboratory notebook to record experimental observations and values is also discussed.

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Morena Emor
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21 views

Unit 1. Introduction, Lab Safety and Waste Management

The document discusses proper laboratory safety protocols, including wearing protective equipment, keeping work areas clean and organized, properly handling and disposing of chemicals and glassware, knowing the locations and proper uses of safety equipment, and being aware of material safety data sheets. It also covers cleaning and marking glassware by washing with detergent and water, rinsing thoroughly, and drying when necessary. Maintaining a laboratory notebook to record experimental observations and values is also discussed.

Uploaded by

Morena Emor
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Introduction, Lab Safety and

Waste Management
SCI 401 - General Chemistry
Chemistry

According to Raymond Chang, the field


of chemistry is an experimental science where
the knowledge comes from laboratory research
or experiment.

In line with laboratory research or


experiment, it is important to know the proper
way to conduct a scientific method.
Learning Objectives
The students are expected to follow proper laboratory safety
protocol, proper waste disposal procedures, and integrate
current good laboratory practices in performing each laboratory
experiment
1. Dress Appropriately
in the Laboratory
2. Wear protective
goggles or glasses at all
times in the laboratory.
3. Keep your working
areas organized and
clean as you work
4. Keep all chemical
reagents (solids and
liquids) in the assigned
dispensing area.
5. Keep the balance and
weighing area clean.
6. Check the name on the
chemical reagent bottles
before using them.
7. Avoid contaminating
chemical reagents.
a. Never return unused chemicals to the
reagent bottles.
b. Use a clean, dry spatula in getting
solids out of the reagent bottle.
c. To put solids in a test tube, a folded
piece of paper about 2 inches long and
slightly wider than the diameter of the
test tube is used.
d. The cover of the regent bottle should
not be interchanged.
e. To weigh solid reagents, a clean, dry
watch glass can be used as container.
8. Dispose waste
properly.
a. Broken glasses should be pick and
return to the stock area for proper
disposal.
b. Organic solvents should not be poured
into the sink since they are immiscible
with water.
c. Solutions poured in the sink should be
washed with plenty of water
d. Ask your instructor if you are not sure
how to properly dispose your wastes.
e. In order to minimize damage to the environment,
chemical wastes must be separated into categories and
carefully labelled as to their contents.

i. General Organic Waste (flammable)


ii. Halogenated Hydrocarbons (non- flammable)
iii. Chromic Acid Solutions (these have been phased out)
iv. Lead
v. Silver
vi. Other Heavy Metals
vii. Waste from specific experiments in some cases
viii. Acids
ix. Bases
In some experiments, acids and bases will be neutralized to a pH of 6 - 10
(State law) as part of the experiment and flushed down the drain with lots of
water.
x. Broken thermometers.
It creates the special problem of spilled mercury (a toxic heavy metal).
Usually any mercury which cannot be collected is reacted with sulfur or absorbed
with a special kit before disposal as heavy metal waste.
xi. Broken glass.
Broken glass or porcelain is swept up into a dustpan and disposed of in a
special container for broken glass. Please don't use your fingers.
9. Avoid all direct
contact with chemicals.
a. Wash your hands immediately anytime
you get chemicals on them and after
every laboratory activities.
b. Clean immediately all spillage before it
dries up or goes into your skin and things.
c. Never use your mouth when using a
pipet.
d. Never eat or drink in the laboratory.
e. Do not look directly into the open end of
a test tube while a reaction is being
conducted.
f. Inhale odors and chemicals with great
caution.
10. Handle glasses with
precautions.
a. Do not heat graduated cylinders,
burets, pipets or bottles with a Bunsen
burner flame
b. Do not hold a test tube in your hands
during a chemical reaction.
c. In heating a small amount of solid or
liquid in a test tube, hold the test tube with a
test tube holder then incline it at an angle of
45degree while moving it back and forth
over the flame on the Bunsen burner.
d. Do not touch glass that has been near a
flame.
e. Always fire-polish the ends of freshly cut
glass tubing. NEVER attempt to force glass
tubing through the hole of a stopper.
f. Never use a thermometer as a stirrer!
Always support a thermometer in a beaker
or flask with a clamp.
11. Learn the location and proper use of safety equipment
(fire extinguisher, eye wash, safety shower and first aid kits)
a. Fire extinguisher can be used on
small or minor fire or for smothering
fires. To use the fire extinguisher:

Pull the pin.

Aim the nozzle at the base of the fire

Squeeze the handle.

Sweep the fire.


Eye Wash Fountain for rinsing
chemicals from the eyes.
Safety Shower for rinsing
chemicals off the body.
12. Be aware of Material Safety Data Sheet
(MSDS).
It is a document that provides workers with
procedures for safely handling or working
with a particular substance. It includes
technical information like boiling points,
toxicities, reactivities, and various
numbers. It also includes instructions
regarding necessary protective equipment,
how to handle spills, first aid suggestions,
storage and disposal, and the general
health effects. Its main purpose is to
safeguard occupational health.
13. Never work alone in the laboratory area.

14. Report all accidents to your instructor no matter how


small it may seem.

15. Do not perform unauthorized experiments.

16. Do not enter the laboratory room without your


instructor.
Laboratory Safety
Policies
Cleaning and Marking Glasswares in the
Laboratory
Marking is done because some
experiments are performed in multiple trials
and replicate. It is important to mark or label
each glassware (test tubes, beakers, and
Erlenmeyer flasks) before proceeding with the
experiment.
Laboratory Safety
Policies
Cleaning and Marking Glasswares in the
Laboratory
Each glassware will be subjected to
analysis and it is important to have the proper
marking to identify the result for each trial and
replicate. This is important for data collecting.
Laboratory It is important to
thoroughly clean the glassware
Safety Policies that will be used for the
experiment, especially the
Cleaning and Marking Glassware glassware that will contain the
in the Laboratory sample or solution such as the
beaker, test tube, graduated
cylinder, and crucible.
Laboratory It is a good practice to
wash the glassware first using a
Safety Policies detergent solution. Rinse the water
with a large amount of running
Cleaning and Marking Glassware
water (tap water) to remove the
in the Laboratory
detergent then lastly rinse with
distilled or deionized water.
Drying the glassware after
Laboratory cleaning is not always advisable.
Always refer to the instruction or
Safety Policies steps of the experiment if drying is
necessary. If the glassware contains
Cleaning and Marking Glassware
grease, organic solvents like
in the Laboratory
acetone are used for cleaning.
Laboratory Safety Policies and
Guidelines

A laboratory notebook is important to have in a


laboratory. This is where we record our observations,
measurements, and any important steps and values we
encounter during the experiment.

It is important for the notebook to be covered in


a plastic cover and use ink in writing values and data about
the experiment. A specific format must be followed when
using the notebook to record any important information.

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