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GRADE 8 CHEMISTRY Periodic Table Lesson 1

The document provides an overview of the periodic table, explaining that it organizes all known elements and describes their properties, with elements grouped together based on similar characteristics. It details how the periodic table is structured into periods and groups, and how one can use the table to find information about an element such as its atomic number, atomic mass, and number of protons, electrons, and neutrons. The periodic table is an essential tool for classifying and understanding the building blocks that make up all matter.

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160 views20 pages

GRADE 8 CHEMISTRY Periodic Table Lesson 1

The document provides an overview of the periodic table, explaining that it organizes all known elements and describes their properties, with elements grouped together based on similar characteristics. It details how the periodic table is structured into periods and groups, and how one can use the table to find information about an element such as its atomic number, atomic mass, and number of protons, electrons, and neutrons. The periodic table is an essential tool for classifying and understanding the building blocks that make up all matter.

Uploaded by

dodo
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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GRADE 8 CHEMISTRY

PERIODIC TABLE
12.1
Learning outcomes :(162-163)
Describe the Periodic Table as a method of classifying
elements and its use to predict properties of elements.
Describe the change from metallic to non-metallic character
across a period.
Explain the relationship between Group number, number of
outer shell electrons and metallic/nonmetallic Character
I am Dmitri Mendeleev!

I made the PERIODIC TABLE !


What is the PERIODIC TABLE?

oShows all known elements


in the universe.
oOrganizes the elements
by chemical properties.
Groups Periods
• Columns of elements are called • Each horizontal row of
groups or groups. elements is called a period.
• Elements in each group have • The elements in a period are
similar but not identical not alike in properties.
properties.
• In fact, the properties change
• For example, lithium (Li), greatly across even given row.
sodium (Na), potassium (K),
and other members of group • The first element in a period is
are all soft, white, shiny always an extremely active
metals. solid. The last element in a
• All elements in a group have period, is always an inactive
the same number of valence gas.
electrons.
What is an ELEMENT?
oA substance
composed of a single
kind of atom.

oCannot be broken
down into another
substance by
chemical or physical
means.
How do you read the PERIODIC
TABLE?
Atomic Number

• This refers to how many


protons an atom of that
element has.
• No two elements, have the
same number of protons.

Bohr Model of Hydrogen Atom

Wave Model
Atomic Mass

• Atomic Mass refers to the


“weight” of the atom.
• It is derived at by adding the
number of protons with the
number of neutrons.

This is a helium atom. Its atomic


Hmass is 4 (protons plus neutrons).

What is its atomic number?


Symbols

• All elements have their own


unique symbol.

C Carbon
• It can consist of a single
capital letter, or a capital
letter and one or two lower
case letters.

Cu
Copper
Common Elements and Symbols
Valence Electrons

• The number of valence


electrons an atom has may
also appear in a square.
• Valence electrons are the
electrons in the outer
energy level of an atom.
• These are the electrons
that are transferred or
shared when atoms bond
together.
How do I find the number of protons,
electrons, and neutrons in an element
using the periodic table?

o # of PROTONS = ATOMIC NUMBER

o # of ELECTRONS = ATOMIC NUMBER

o # of NEUTRONS = ATOMIC _ ATOMIC


MASS NUMBER
What is an ELEMENT?
oA substance
composed of a single
kind of atom.

oCannot be broken
down into another
substance by
chemical or physical
means.
What is a COMPOUND?

oA substance in
which two or
more different
elements are
CHEMICALLY
bonded together.
Element, Compound or Mixture?

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