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Connectors Theory

The document discusses conjunctions and conjunctive locutions, which are words or expressions used to connect sentences. It provides examples of different types of conjunctions that express ideas like condition, addition, opposition, time, place, and comparisons when connecting two sentences. Some conjunctions can express more than one idea. The document concludes by noting that attention should be paid to conjunctions that can have multiple meanings.

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choaclinh
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32 views56 pages

Connectors Theory

The document discusses conjunctions and conjunctive locutions, which are words or expressions used to connect sentences. It provides examples of different types of conjunctions that express ideas like condition, addition, opposition, time, place, and comparisons when connecting two sentences. Some conjunctions can express more than one idea. The document concludes by noting that attention should be paid to conjunctions that can have multiple meanings.

Uploaded by

choaclinh
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Conjunctions or conjunctive locutions

Words or expressions used to connect sentences.

One word conjunction (but, and, however etc)

Two or more words conjunctive locution (not


only...but also, as if, as long as etc)
Conjunctions or conjuctive locutions

• Express an idea when connecting two sentences.

CONDITION

1. We will play soccer,


IF
it doesn’t rain.

ADDITION

2. Peter bought a Hylux


AND
a new Civic
Conjunctions or conjuctive locutions

• Express an idea when connecting two sentences.

OPPOSITION or ADVERSITY

1. Mark prefers black T-shirts,


BUT
his brother loves the white ones

TIME

2. I was sleeping deeply


WHEN
the phone rang
Conjunctions or conjuctive locution

• Express an idea when connecting two sentences.

PLACE
1. That’s the famous Elm Street
WHERE
president Kennedy was shot dead in 1963.

COMPARISONS

2. Paul’s personality traits are exactly


LIKE
his father ‘s.
Conjunctions or conjuctive locutions

• Attention: Some conjunctions or conjunctive locutions may


express more than one idea.

TIME
1. George was sleeping
WHILE
Mike was preparing dinner.

OPPOSITION

2. Kathy is a daydreamer
WHILE
her sister is very realistic.
LET’S PRACTICE!
AND

I PLAY THE PIANO AND I


SING IN THE CHOIR.
BOTH... AND

MY FATHER CAN BOTH


SPEAK AND WRITE IN
GERMAN
...OR...

YOU CAN HAVE A


BURGER OR A CAKE
EITHER ...OR...

EITHER YOU DO IT NOW


OR YOU’LL NEVER DO IT.
NEITHER ...NOR...

NEITHER HELEN NOR


SIMON CAN GO.
...BUT ...

I LIKE HER HAT BUT IT


DOESN’T GO WITH HER
DRESS
...BUT TO...

I HAD NO CHOICE BUT TO


ACCEPT THEIR OFFER.
ON THE ONE HAND..., BUT
ON THE OTHER HAND...

ON THE ONE HAND I WOULD LIKE


TO GET A NEW DEGREE, BUT ON
THE OTHER HAND I DON’T LIKE TO
STUDY FOR SO MANY YEARS.
HOWEVER/ THOUGH

THE FILM WAS GOOD. A BIT TOO


LONG, HOWEVER.
HIS STORY IS TRUE. HOWEVER, I
DON’T TRUST HIM.
HOWEVER/ THOUGH

HE LOOKS LIKE A TOUGH GUY. HE’S


QUITE SHY, THOUGH.
ALTHOUGH/ THOUGH

ALTHOUGH/THOUGH HE’S A
YOUNG WRITER, HE’S ALREADY
WON AN IMPORTANT AWARD.
...EVEN THOUGH...

I WENT TO THE BEACH EVEN


THOUGH IT WAS RAINING. ( FOR
REAL FACTS)
...EVEN IF...

WE’LL GO TO THE BEACH,


EVEN IF IT’S RAINING.
(HYPOTHESIS)
DESPITE/ IN SPITE OF....

•I’M GOING TO BUY THAT HOUSE IN


SPITE OF / DESPITE ITS PRICE.
•I COULDN’T EAT ANY BURGER IN
SPITE OF/DESPITE BEING VERY
HUNGRY.
HOWEVER (+ADJECTIVE OR
ADVERB)....

HOWEVER HARD YOU MAY TRY


AGAIN ANY WAY.
BECAUSE...

HE DIDN’T GO OUT BECAUSE HE


WAS VERY BUSY.
AS...

AS HE COULDN’T FIND A JOB, HE


ENROLLED ON A WEB-DESIGN
COURSE..
SINCE...

SINCE WE HAD SPENT ALL OUR


MONEY, WE COULDN’T EVEN BUY A
SOUVENIR.
, SO...

WE WOKE UP LATE, SO WE MISSED


OUR BUS.
THEREFORE, AS A RESULT,
CONSEQUENTLY, FOR THIS
REASON...

HE’S BROKEN HIS LEG THEREFORE


HE WON’T PLAY IN THE
CHAMPIONSHIP.
...SO +
ADJECTIVE/ADVERB+THAT...

THE CAKE WAS SO DELICIOUS THAT


EVERYBODY ATE IT.
...SUCH A +
ADJECTIVE+NOUN+ THAT...

THE TEACHER SPOKE FOR SUCH A


LONG TIME THAT NO ONE WAS
LISTENING IN THE END.
...TO/ IN ORDER TO...

HE’S QUALIFYING TO/ IN ORDER TO


BECOME AN ACCOUNTANT.
...SO THAT + PRONOUN+
(WILL, WOULD, CAN, COULD,
MAY, MIGHT)...

I’LL USE A MICROPHONE SO THAT


EVERYBODY CAN HEAR.
WHEN...

WHEN YOU HAVE FINISHED THIS


EXERCISE , DO THE NEXT ONE.
WHENEVER...

YOU CAN COME TO MY HOUSE


WHENEVER YOU LIKE.
WHILE ...

WHILE YOU WERE SLEEPING, I WAS


WORKING.
...AS LONG AS ...

YOU CAN DRINK BEER AS LONG AS


YOU DON’T OVERDUE.
...UNTIL...

I WAITED UNTIL THEY HAD GONE.


...AS SOON AS...

I WILL TELL HIM AS SOON AS I SEE


HIM.
...BEFORE...

BEFORE GOING / BEFORE HE GOES


TO SCHOOL, HE DELIVERS THE
NEWSPAPER.
...AFTER...

AFTER DELIVERING / AFTER HE


DELIVERS THE NEWSPAPER , HE
GOES TO SCHOOL.
CONNECTORS FOR
SEQUENCES IN A TEXT

THEY INDICATE THE CHRONOLOGICAL


SUCESSION OF A SERIES OF EVENTS
TELLING A STORY

FIRST,
THEN, AFTER THAT, NEXT,
LATER,
FINALLY/EVENTUALLY/IN THE
END/AT LAST.
PRESENTING A WRITTEN
REPORT

FIRSTLY,
SECONDLY,
IN ADDITION, ANOTHER POINT IS,
FINALLY/LASTLY/ IN CONCLUSION,
LAST BUT NOT THE LEAST
CONNECTORS FOR ADDING
INFORMATION

MOREOVER/ FURTHERMORE
MOREOVER/FURTHERMORE/
WHAT’S MORE

HE WAS SENTENCED TO SIX


MONTHS. MOREOVER/
FURTHERMORE, / WHAT’S MORE HE
HAD TO PAY A FINE.
ALSO/ BESIDES (THAT)/ IN
ADDITION TO THAT/IN
ADDITION TO...

HE’S SO CLEVER, ALSO/BESIDES


THAT/ IN ADDITION TO THAT
HE’S SO GENEROUS.
CONNECTORS TO COMPARE

YOU CAN’T JUMP AS HIGH AS


I CAN.
CONNECTORS TO COMPARE

WHEN IN ROME, DO AS THE


ROMANS DO.
CONNECTORS TO COMPARE

WE DANCED LIKE WE’D NEVER


DANCED BEFORE.
CONNECTORS TO COMPARE

HE’S TALLER THAN ME.


CONNECTORS WITH
CONDITIONAL FUNCTION

IF, IN CASE, PROVIDED/


PROVIDING, UNLESS
CONNECTORS WITH
CONDITIONAL FUNCTION

I’LL DRIVE IF/ UNLESS/


PROVIDED/ PROVIDING/ IN
CASE YOU TELL ME THE WAY.
CONNECTORS WITH
CONDITIONAL FUNCTION

AS IF/ AS THOUGH
CONNECTORS WITH
CONDITIONAL FUNCTION

HE TURNED PALE, AS IF/ AS


THOUGH HE HAD BEEN
FRIGHTENED.
CONNECTORS WITH
EXPLANATORY FUNCTION

HE SAID ( THAT) HE HADN’T


HEARD ABOUT THE ACCIDENT.
(REPORTED SPEECH)
CONNECTORS WITH
EXPLANATORY FUNCTION

THAT IS ( TO SAY) / I.E.


CONNECTORS WITH
EXPLANATORY FUNCTION

ADMITTANCE IS FREE FOR


SENIOR CITIZENS, THAT IS TO
SAY PEOPLE OVER 65.

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