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Respiratory Powerpoint Ga

The document discusses the respiratory system and breathing, explaining that exercise increases breathing rate and depth to provide more oxygen to working muscles repaying an oxygen debt, and outlines the parts of the respiratory system like the lungs, diaphragm, and alveoli where gas exchange occurs to oxygenate blood and remove carbon dioxide. Regular aerobic training can strengthen respiratory muscles and increase lung capacity and efficiency over time.

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kevinramirezzz365
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28 views

Respiratory Powerpoint Ga

The document discusses the respiratory system and breathing, explaining that exercise increases breathing rate and depth to provide more oxygen to working muscles repaying an oxygen debt, and outlines the parts of the respiratory system like the lungs, diaphragm, and alveoli where gas exchange occurs to oxygenate blood and remove carbon dioxide. Regular aerobic training can strengthen respiratory muscles and increase lung capacity and efficiency over time.

Uploaded by

kevinramirezzz365
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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(The Lungs and Breathing)

Graeme Atkinson
Learning Outcomes for Today
a) Calculate the Number of Breaths Per minute before and after exercise

b) Identify 5 parts of the respiratory system

c) Explain 2 functions of the Respiratory System

Some learners May be able to:


d)
Name 1 Exercise that will raise the Breathing rate Quickly

Some Learners may be able to:


e)
Explain 2 long term effects of Aerobic training
Recap – Cardiovascular System
Activity - Breathing
Breathing
Before Exercise After intense exercise
Breathing is regular
Breaths have less volume Breathing is frantic
Enough oxygen is being Breaths have more volume
provided to the muscles Not enough oxygen is
provided to the muscles after
exercising because the
muscles have used it up. This
leaves them body in oxygen
debt.
Breathing is heavy (gulping
in large amounts of air) to
repay the oxygen debt
Mechanics of breathing
Inspiration – breathing in Expiration – breathing out

Intercostal muscles relax


 Intercostal muscles contract
Diaphragm relaxes
 Ribs move up & out

 Diaphragm contracts and becoming domed


flattens Chest becomes smaller
 Chest expands increasing space Air pressure increases
 Air pressure decreases
Air is expelled from lungs
 Air is drawn in to lungs
Obtaining Energy
Carbohydrates in the form of starch from foods such
as bread, pasta and potatoes form most of our energy
supply
The starch is digested into glucose molecules and
passed into the blood
As well as in the liver and muscles, glucose is diffused
easily into the body cells and is used to meet the
energy demand via respiration
Lungs
The job of the lungs is to
provide oxygen to the rest
of the body. In addition to
providing the body with
oxygen the lungs also adjust
the Ph of the blood by
regulating the carbon
dioxide levels in the blood.
The lungs are large and complex systems of
capillaries and air capsules known as alveoli.
They are not ‘empty bags’
They weigh about 1kg each (for an average
person) and if spread out would cover 60-80m
squared – roughly a full tennis court!!
The bronchioles
lead into the
alveoli.
The alveoli are
tightly wrapped in
a network of blood
vessels
Here, gaseous
exchange takes
place.
The lungs are made up of nearly 300 million
separate alveoli each.
Why so many?
They provide a massive surface area to allow the
lungs to perform their primary function.
Which is????????
Re-oxygenating the blood and removing waste
materials.
Oxygen enters the blood
stream and the body’s
tissues:
cO2, lactic acid and any
other damaging or waste
substances are removed
from the blood stream
and the body’s tissues:
 Video
This process is regulated by ‘pressure’ in the blood
stream.
The more pressure caused by extra cO2 and waste in
the blood stream, the greater and more rapid the
exchange in the alveoli becomes.
What effect would this have on the body during
exercise?

This known as :
When someone starts exercising, what happens?
Lactic acid is produced and the body needs more
oxygen to help break down energy sources to
allow the body to continue working.
What will your body do to provide more oxygen
to your muscles?
Total Lung Capacity
Lung Volumes
There are several different measures of the
volume of the lungs that we need to be aware of:
Tidal Volume (TV)
Inspiratory Reserve Volume (IRV)
Expiratory Reserve Volume (ERV)
Vital Capacity (VC)
Residual Volume (RV)
Tidal Volume
TV refers to the amount of air inspired and expired
during each breathing cycle at rest.
For the average person it ranges between 0.4 and 1.0 L
of air.
In other words, the amount you normally breathe.
Inspiratory Reserve Volume
The IRV is the amount of extra air you are able to
inhale above your TV.
For example, during exercise, the average person will
inhale an additional 2.5-3.5 L of air.
Meaning that person is inhaling up to 4.5 L of air with
each breath during exercise.
Expiratory Reserve Volume
If the lungs are inhaling more oxygen, what will be
more present in the blood stream?
To eject this extra cO2, the lungs must expel more
than they do at rest.
This is known as the ERV, which ranges between 1.0-
1.5 L for an average male.
Female ranges are 10-20% lower.

Task: What is the amount of ERV range for a


Woman?
Vital Capacity
VC is the combined amount of TV, IRV and ERV.
In other words it is the total amount that the
lungs can inspire and expire.
What happens if all the air is pushed out of a
balloon?
It completely deflates
Residual Volume
The RV is the amount of air that remains in the
alveoli to keep them inflated constantly.
Ranges between 1.0-1.2L for women
1.2-1.6L for men.
Total Lung Capacity
The Body’s Use of Oxygen
We have seen that not all the air can be used to
provide the body with oxygen.
The amount of air that can be used to exchange
o2/co2 is known as …………
VO2 MAX – the amount of oxygen the body can
inspire and use in a minute.
Breathing during Exercise
During exercise more CO2
is produced and not
enough oxygen is sent to
the muscles.
When exercising it is best
to inhale for a longer time
than you exhale. This
increases the oxygen levels
in your blood.
Effects of
Training on the Respiratory System
Immediate effects of training:
-Increased rate of breathing
-Increase in tidal volume (amount of air breathed
in or out of the lungs in one breath)

Effects of regular training:


-Stronger diaphragm and intercostal muscles
-Increased number of alveoli
-Increase in Vital Capacity
(amount of air that can be forcibly exhaled after
breathing in as much as possible)
-Increased rate of gaseous exchange
More oxygen delivered
More efficient carbon dioxide removal
Relative composition of inhaled
and exhaled air
 Inhaled air has the same composition as  Exhaled air contains less oxygen and
normal air, it contains: more carbon dioxide, it is also saturated
 78% nitrogen with water vapour. Exhaled air contains:
 21% oxygen  78% nitrogen
 1% inert gas such as argon  17% oxygen
 0.04% carbon dioxide  1% inert gas such as argon
 little water vapour  4% carbon dioxide
 saturated with water vapour

 The difference between the amount of oxygen The special adaptions of the alveoli for gas
in inhaled and exhaled air is equal to the exchange are:
difference in the amount of carbon dioxide in  Thin walls
exhaled and inhaled air.  Huge surface area
 Covered in capillaries to provide blood
 A wet lining to dissolve gases
Recap
Peer Assessment
Kahoot maybe

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