Miner al &

Ener gy
Resources
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M E E T THE GROUP

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Karan Singh Nahve Goyal Kashvi Manishtha
Pranavi Krishiv Puskar

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TABLE OF C O N T E N T S
Contents

0 Minerals - What? 02 Mode of occurence

1 A mineral is composed of a single element or
compound. By definition, a mineral is a
Mode of Occurrence of Minerals ...
Minerals generally occur in the cracks,
naturally occurring inorganic substance with a crevices, faults and joints of the igneous
chemical composition definite
and ordered atomic and metamorphic rocks.
structure.

03 Ferrous & Non Ferrous 04 Conservation of Minerals

Minerals The role of minerals in an economy and in
Generally, ferrous metals are magnetic daily life is appreciable in the sense that
the substance and items manufactured
in nature whereas non-ferrous minerals
from them has become part and parcel ...
are non-magnetic in nature, this means
that ferrous minerals are ...
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0
1 Chapter 3

M I N E R A L S - W H AT A R E THEY?
ICE
BREAKER...
 What are Minerals?
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Minerals are substances that are formed naturally in the Earth.
There are around 4000 minerals on the earth’s surface.Minerals
are usually solid and inorganic with a crystal structure and form
naturally by geological processes. The study of minerals is called
mineralogy.
Some of the main characteristics of minerals are as follows:
An element or compound found in the earth that is solid,
formed naturally in the earth.
Minerals are formed through natural processes and have
the same chemical structure as their atomic design.
They have a definite structure which is due to closely
packaged atoms thus creating an orderly crystalline
structure.
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03

M O D E OF O C C U R E N C E

Chapter 3
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TheMiner
process al s
of extraction of ore is done through mining and the
final shape is accumulated when it’s treated or refined by the
process of smelting. Minerals usually occur in the following forms:
Minerals occur as alluvial deposits in sands of valley floors
and the base of hills.
The other forms also include the presence of minerals undersea
and oceans. The ocean waters contain vast quantities of
minerals and ores.
Igneous rocks, sedimentary and metamorphic rocks are some
minerals that may occur in the forms, crevices, cracks, faults,
and joints.
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03

CLASSIFICATION OF
MINERALS
Chapter 3
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 FERROUS METALLIC
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MINERALS
Metallic minerals are composed of metals in their original form
and possess a very crystalline atomic arrangement. Metallic
minerals are composed of ferrous minerals and non-ferrous
minerals.
Ferrous Minerals: Metallic minerals containing iron are called
ferrous minerals and they are generally hard and sturdy. They are
mainly found in solid form except for Hg(mercury). The major iron
ore belts in India are:
Durg-Bastar-Chandrapur Belt
Ballari-Chitradurga-Chikkamagaluru-Tumakuru Belt
Maharashtra-Goa Belt
Odisha-Jharkhand Belt
 non - FERROUS METALLIC
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MINERALS
Non-ferrous Minerals: Under the topic of Minerals and Energy
Resources, the Non-ferrous Minerals are those do not contain
the iron ore. For example, Copper and Bauxite and some of the
major non-ferrous belts in India are located in below-
mentioned states:
The Balaghat mines in Madhya Pradesh, Khetri mines in
Rajasthan, and Singhbhum district of Jharkhand are
leading producers of copper.
Deposits are mainly found in the Amarkantak plateau,
Maikal hills and the plateau region of Bilaspur-Katni.
 non - FERROUS METALLIC
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MINERALS
These minerals neither contain metals nor have a crystalline
structure and this makes them bad conductors of electricity
however their molecules are tightly packed inside the atomic
structure thus giving them the characteristic of being semi-
permeable.
Some of the examples of non-metallic minerals are coal,
petroleum, limestone, and mica.
In India, the main deposits are found in the northern edge
of the Chota Nagpur plateau.
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03

CONSERVATION OF
MINERALS
Chapter 3
 conservation of
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MINERALS
Minerals play an essential role in different purposes
and are considered among those resources which are
non- renewable hence it becomes very important to
conserve the minerals and use them judiciously.
 conservation of
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Some MINERALS
of the chief methods of conservation are as
follows: Restoration of already depleted mines and
restricting heavy mining of mineral ores
Giving protection to animals and plant
species or special areas of land or water
Rewilding
Nature Reserves and
Zoos Recycling
Education Alternative
Energy. Alternate sources
of energy
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By Group III