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Lecture 1. Introduction

This document provides an overview of principles of management. It discusses the P-O-L-C framework for management which stands for planning, organizing, leading, and controlling. It defines management and its key goals. An organization is defined as a group working together towards common goals. Organizations can be formal or informal, for-profit or non-profit. The document outlines the management functions of planning, organizing, leading, and controlling and what they entail. It emphasizes that the main purpose of management is performance and achieving effectiveness and efficiency.

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34 views

Lecture 1. Introduction

This document provides an overview of principles of management. It discusses the P-O-L-C framework for management which stands for planning, organizing, leading, and controlling. It defines management and its key goals. An organization is defined as a group working together towards common goals. Organizations can be formal or informal, for-profit or non-profit. The document outlines the management functions of planning, organizing, leading, and controlling and what they entail. It emphasizes that the main purpose of management is performance and achieving effectiveness and efficiency.

Uploaded by

elvisafari1
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Principles of Management

Lesson 1-Introduction
Intended Learning Outcome
After completing this session, you will be able to
• Understand what principles of Management is
about
• Understand the P-O-L-C Framework in
Management
• Know the different types of organisations
• Etc
Overview of principles of
Managemet
PM is often discussed or learned using a
framework called P-O-L-C, which stands for
planning, organizing, leading, and controlling.

Three main themes dominate the study of


this subject. These are:
1. Active Management
2. Strategic Thinking
3. Entrepreneurial thinking
Definition - Management
• A set of activities directed at an
organisation’s resources with the aim of
achieving organisational goals in an efficient
and effective manner (Griffen, 2002).

• “ Management is the process of utilizing


scarce resources in an effective and efficient
manner to achieve desired goals in a
dynamic environment”
What then is a goal?
• A target
• An end that management desires to
reach. (Bateman & Snell, 2002)
Goals
• Altruistic
• Economic
• Survival
• Profitability
• Growth
Objectives
• Specific performance targets outcomes and
results.

– measurable
– time bound
•What is an organization?

•Do we need Organizations?


What is an Organisation?
• Two or more persons engaged in a
systematic effort to produce products and
services.

• A collection of two or more people who


work together to achieve a common goal
What is an Organisation?

• a group of individuals who agree to share


their effort in the realisation of common
goals.
Organisation types
• Not-for profit
• Profit making
• Formal
• Informal
• Small
• Large
Characteristics of organisations
• Made up of people
• Managers
• Common goal
• Substitution of personnel
• Structure
• Rules and regulations
Why study management?
• Universality of Management
-The reality that management is needed
• in all types and sizes of organizations
• at all organizational levels
• in all organizational areas
• in all organizations, regardless of location
Management Process
• Planning – the process of setting goals
and deciding how best to achieve them.
Planning
• Process of setting performance objectives
and determining what actions should be
taken to accomplish them (Schermerhorn,
2008).
objective
–Eg. To increase sales by 20% next year

• What actions to take:

–Understanding customers so that good


and quality products can be produced.
Organising
• The process of allocating and arranging
resources so that plans can be carried out
successfully.

• Basically one has to arrange and


structure work to accomplish the
organisation’s goals
Putting it into action
How?
• Determine what tasks are to be done
• How jobs will be grouped
• Staffing jobs with individuals who can
successfully carry out plans
• Providing the needed resources,
• Giving personnels what to do etc
Leading
• The process of influencing others to engage in
the work behaviour necessary to reach
organisational goals.
It includes:

– communicating with others


– Providing direction
– Motivating members to put forth substantial
effort
Controlling
• The management function of monitoring
progress so that actual performance
conforms to expected goals and making
needed changes.

• The process of measuring performance


and taking action to ensure desired
results.
It involves:

a.Measuring work performance


b.Comparing results to goals
c. Taking corrective action as needed
Managerial performance
• main purpose of management:
– performance
Effectiveness
– Doing the right things.

Efficiency
– Doing things right
Learning Summary
What is Next?
Reading List /Required Text (As
Applicable)
•Robbins, S. P., & Coulter, M. (2016). Principles of management. Pearson
•Certo, S. C., & Certo, S. T. (2015). Modern Management: Concepts and
Skills. Prentice Hall.
•Hitt, M. A., Black, Stewart, Porter, Lyman W. (2014) Management:
Pearson New International Edition, 3/E, Pearson
•Any other relevant management textbook
•University of Minnesota: Open Textbook Library - Principles of
Management
•Principles of Management by Charles W. L. Hill, Steven McShane
•Taylor, Frederick Winslow (1911), The Principles of Scientific
Management, New York, NY, USA and London
Dr. Saviour Ayertey Nubuor

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