PHARMACY, ITS

TASKS AND
STRUCTURE.
THE CONCEPT OF
PHARMACOPOEIA
definition
O The term pharmacy has been derived from the
Greek word pharmakria which means "use of
drugs".
O Pharmacy is a branch of pharmacology which deals
with collection, preparation, standardization,
compounding and dispensing of drugs in such a
way so as to make the medication suitable for easy,
effective and palatable administration in the
treatment of a disease.
O Pharmacy, drugstore - an establishment for storage,
preparation and selling medicines, storage and selling
curative mineral waters, dressing, the patient care things,
sanitation products. personal hygiene things and so on.
O In the drugstore all medical agents arc divided into three
groups:
1. Poisonous (venena, List A). Poisonous and narcotic
substances belong lo them. They arc kept locked in cases in
specially equipped rooms. The severe registration of their
sell is conducted. At the end of the working-day the case.
where they are kept, is sealed .
2. Strong-acting (Heroica, List B). Those medicines are also
kept separately from other medical agents with inscription
"B". After working day this case is closed by a key.
3. Other medical agents which are stored in the drugstore
according to the demands (orders) of pharmacopoeia.
 Clinical Pharmacy

Clinical pharmacy is the

science of drug
formulations, their stability,
shelf life, handling and also
education of the patient
about compliance and
counseling him on how to
take the medication, and
monitoring for errors in
drug therapy.
O Pharmacognosy
It is the study of sources and identification of drugs from plant
sources.
O Biopharmaceutics
It deals with the development of new dosage forms and new
drug delivery system with a view to produce desired
pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic characteristic of a drug.
O Medicinal Chemistry
It deals with designing and synthesis of a new drug based on the
structure-activity relationship of the existing drug of a generic
group.
O Pharmaceutics
It is a technological science which deals with the manufacturing
of drug. Pharmaceutical preparation is the form of drug prepared
for dispensing to the patients.
O Drug
Drug is any substance or product that is used or intended to be
used to modify or explore physiological systems or pathological
states for the benefit of the recipient.
O Dosage forms
They are convenient forms of natural or synthetic drugs for
administration into the body of the patient.
O Pharmacology
The study of the biochemical and physiological effects of drugs
on human beings.
O Pharmacodynamics
The study of the cellular and molecular interactions of drugs
with their receptors. Simply "What the drug does to the body”
O Pharmacokinetics
The study of the factors that control the concentration of drug at
various sites in the body. Simply "What the body does to the
drug"
O Pharmaceutical toxicology
The study of the harmful or toxic effects of drugs.
O Pharmacogenomics
The study of the inheritance of characteristic perns of
interaction between drugs and organisms
O Pharmaceutics
The study and design of drug formulation for optimum
delivery, stability, pharmacokinetics, and patient
acceptance
O Drug Compendia
These are compilation of information on drugs in the
form of monographs, without going into the theoretical
concepts, mechanisms of action and other aspects which
help in understanding the subject. Pharmacopoeias and
Formularies are called official compendia.
PRACTICE AREAS IN
PHARMACY
1.Community pharmacy
2.Hospital pharmacy
3.Clinical pharmacy
4.Ambulatory care
pharmacy
5.Compounding pharmacy
6.Consultant pharmacy
7.Internet pharmacy
8.Veterinary pharmacy
9.Nuclear pharmacy
10.Military pharmacy
11.Pharmacy Informatics
12.Specialty pharmacy
PHARMACOPOEIA
O Derived from Greek word 'Pharmakon' means drug and 'Poiea‘
means to make.
O It is a legal and official book issued by recognized authorities
usually appointed by Government of each country.
O It comprises list of pharmaceutical substances, formulae along
with their description and standards.
THE PHARMACOPOEIA CONTAINS:
 LIST OF PHARMACOPOEIAS:
 British
 European
 Indian
 International
 United States
 Argentine
 Austrian
 Belgian
 Brazilian
 Chinese
 Egyptian
 French
 German
 Yugoslavian
 Mexican
 Netherlands
 Nordic
 Polish
 Portuguese
 Rumanian
 Russian
 Spanish
 Turkish
EUROPEAN PHARMOCOPOIEA
O The European Pharmacopoeia (Ph. Eur.) defines requirements for the
qualitative and quantitative composition of medicines, the tests to be
carried out on medicines and on substances and materials used in
their production.
O It covers active substances, excipients
and preparations of chemical, animal,
human or herbal origin, homoeopathic
preparations and homoeopathic stocks,
antibiotics, dosage forms and containers.
O It also includes texts on biologicals,
blood and plasma derivatives, vaccines
and radiopharmaceutical preparations.
O The European Pharmacopoeia and its
requirements are legally binding in the
member states of the European Pharmacopoeia
Convention and the European Union.
O European pharmacopeia
commission started working since
1964 to prepare EP Editions
O 1st edition: published 1967
O 2nd edition: published 1980
O 3rd edition: published 1997
O 4th edition: published 2001, valid
from 1 January 2002
O 5th edition: published 15 June 2004,
valid from 1 January 2005
O 6th edition: published 16 July 2007,
valid from 1 January 2008.
O 7th edition: published June 2010,
valid from 1 January 2011
O 8th edition: published June 2013,
valid from 1 January 2014
O 9th edition – 1 January 2020
O 10th edition - 1 January 2021
 INDIAN PHARMACOPOEIA
O Indian Pharmacopoeia Commission (IPC) is an
autonomous institution of the Ministry of Health and
Family Welfare which sets standards for all drugs that
are manufactured, sold and consumed in India.
O The set of standards are published under the title Indian
Pharmacopoeia (IP)
O The process of publishing the first Pharmacopoeia started in the
yea under the chairmanship of Col. R. N. Chopra. In 1948
government of India appointed an Indian Pharmacopoeia
committee for preparing 'Pharmacopeia of India'.
O 1st edition I. P. 1955 was published in the official gazette. Dr. B.
Ghosh, Chairman - Supplement 1960
O 2nd edition I. P. 1966, Dr. B. Mukherji, Chairman, Shankar S. -
Supplement 1975
O 3rd edition I. P. 1985, Dr. Nityanand, Chairman
~I Supplement 1989
~II Supplement 1991
O 4th edition I. P. 1996 Dr. Nityanand, Chairman- III Supplement
2000
~ IV Supplement 2002
O 5th edition I. P., 2007, Dr. Nityanand, Chairman
O 6th edition I. P., 2010
O 7th edition I. P. 2014V Addendum/Supplement 2015
O 8th edition I.P 2018
THANK
YOU