Scribd
Upload
95 views14 pages

SRISTHI MOHANTY Biology Project

This document discusses drug and alcohol addiction. It defines addiction as a chronic disease with genetic and environmental roots that compels individuals to engage in harmful behaviors despite negative consequences. The document then discusses specific drugs like heroin, cocaine, crack, and hallucinogens and their short-term physiological effects. It also covers causes of addiction like peer pressure, stress, and lack of education. Finally, it discusses diagnosing addiction through blood tests or questionnaires and treatment options.

Uploaded by

Sristhi Mohanty
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
95 views14 pages

SRISTHI MOHANTY Biology Project

This document discusses drug and alcohol addiction. It defines addiction as a chronic disease with genetic and environmental roots that compels individuals to engage in harmful behaviors despite negative consequences. The document then discusses specific drugs like heroin, cocaine, crack, and hallucinogens and their short-term physiological effects. It also covers causes of addiction like peer pressure, stress, and lack of education. Finally, it discusses diagnosing addiction through blood tests or questionnaires and treatment options.

Uploaded by

Sristhi Mohanty
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 14

BIOLOGY PROJECT

DRUG ABUSE AND ACHOHOL


ADDICTION

BY : Sristhi Mohanty
Class XII
Freedom International
DRUGS
Addiction is one of the biggest disease of the world. More than millions of
the individual are struggling against addiction. It takes away the happiness
of the people by avoiding them to get what they want and many of the
people were also not able to take correct decision. According to the recent
studies it has been found that adolescent are more vulnerable to addiction.
Addiction is that type of diseases whose rehabilitation is very difficult. As
we know prevention is better than cure so we can prevent our self from
getting addicted by not living under peer pressure.
WHAT IS DRUG ADDICTION

Addiction is the habitual, physiological, psychological dependence on a


substance or practice which is beyond voluntary control. A person who
is habituated to a substance or a practice, especially a harmful one, is called an
addict. Addiction is a chronic, progressive and sometimes fatal disorder with
both genetic and environmental roots. It manifests as a compulsion that derives
an individual to continue to behave in a way that is harmful to self and loved
ones, despite an intense desire to halt that behaviour. It is a disease of “more” an
active addict needs an increasing amount of substance to get high and is unable
to cease usage without painful withdrawal symptoms. This is true whether the
addictive substance is a drug or tobacco or alcohol or a behaviour.
Medically ,addiction is of three types :Tobacco Addiction, Alcohol Addiction,
Drug Addiction
Heroin

As a destructive opioid, heroin can lead to seizures, psychosis ,and hallucinations when it is abused.

Heroin injections can also spread diseases such as human immunodeficiency virus and hepatitis.

This drug is known to cause serious health issues when it is abused


because it interferes with the brain’s receptors.

Once heroin enters the brain, it is converted to morphine and binds rapidly to opioid receptors

With heroin, the rush is usually accompanied by a warm flushing of the skin, dry mouth, and a heavy feeling
in the extremities

Opioids can depress breathing by changing neurochemicalactivity in the brain stem, where automatic body
functions such as breathing and heart rate are controlled
cocaine
Cocaine is a very dangerous stimulant even when taken in small amounts. It induces euphoria,
increases blood pressure, and accelerates the heart rate.

. or heart attacks for some users.


The drug may lead to fatal strokes

Cocaine, also known as coke, is a strong stimulant most frequently used as a recreational drug.

Cocaine, also known as coke, is a strong stimulant most frequently used as a recreational drug.

Cocaine has a small number of accepted medical uses such as numbing and decreasing bleeding
during nasal surgery.

It is commonly snorted, inhaled as smoke, or dissolved and injected into a vein.


CRACK

A potent form of cocaine, crack is often smoked and suddenly creates an intense euphoric
sensation for a short while.
Crack has turned into a problem because it is cheap and easy to buy and use. Abusing the
substance, however, can lead to immediate addiction

Abusers are also at risk of suffering heart attacks and strokes with every use.
Long-term use can cause liver, kidney, and lung damage

The short-term physiological effects of cocaine include constricted blood vessels, dilated pupils,
and increased temperature, heart rate, and blood pressure
HALLUCINOGENS
Hallucinogens are a class of drugs that cause profound
distortions in a person's perceptions of reality, otherwise
known as hallucinations.

PCP (phencyclidine) and LSD (lysergic acid diethylamide)


are hallucinogens, which means that they make users feel,
see, and hear things that are not real

While they experience hallucinations with these drugs,users lose touch


with reality and enter mental states of disconnection
CAUSES OF ADDICTION
Drug use is often voluntary in the first instance. The development of a full
addiction occurs through a variety of circumstances. However, the brain
changes during a substance-related disorder in ways that can take a long time
to bring back to a healthy state. A person whose brain's reward circuitry has
not altered as a result of addiction experiences positive feelings in relation
to generally rewarding behaviors, such as exercising, being with family, or
consuming delicious food. These should all make a person feel good Some of
the causes of addiction are :-
1.Peer pressure
2.Stress and depression
3.Lack of education
4.Religious ritual
-• Memory loss -especially the patient's short-term memory.
• Eye muscles -the eye muscles can become
significantlyweaker.
• Liver diseases -the patient has a considerably higher
chanceof developing hepatitis, and cirrhosis. Cirrhosis of the
liver is anirreversible and progressive condition
• Heart problems -regular heaving drinking can lead
tocardiomyopathy (damaged heart muscle), heart failure,
andstroke.
• Menstruation -alcoholism will usually stop menstruation
ordisrupt it.
• Cancer -alcoholics have a much higher risk of
developingseveral cancers, including cancer of the mouth,
oesophagus,liver, colon, rectum, breast, prostate and pharynx.
• Suicide -suicide rates among people who are alcohol-
dependent or who abuse alcohol are much higher than
amongother people
DIAGNOSING
Blood test or imaging scan can determine whether somebody
is addicted to drug or alcohol or smoking, and to what
degree. Blood test -this may be ordered to determine
whether the substance is still in the blood (whether the
substance has been taken recently). It is not used to diagnose
addiction. A GP (general practitioner, primary care
physician) can help the patient determine their degree of
dependence by asking
! pertinent questions, or using a
specific questionnaire. Although there's no cure for drug
addiction, treatment options explained below can help you
overcome an addiction and stay drug-free. Your treatment
depends on the drug used and any related medical or mental
health disorders you may have. Long-term follow-Up is
important to relapse.

You might also like