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Communication Process, Elements, and Models

This document discusses the nature and elements of communication. It defines communication as "a systemic process in which individuals interact with and through symbols to create and interpret meanings." The key elements of communication are identified as the source, message, channel, receiver, feedback, environment, context, and interference. Several classic models of communication are also introduced, including Aristotle's model focusing on the speaker, Shannon and Weaver's model viewing communication mathematically, Osgood and Schramm's model emphasizing meaning, and Dance's helical model depicting communication as an ongoing process. Students are then assigned to research and report on one of these historical communication models.

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Ja H Mes
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36 views

Communication Process, Elements, and Models

This document discusses the nature and elements of communication. It defines communication as "a systemic process in which individuals interact with and through symbols to create and interpret meanings." The key elements of communication are identified as the source, message, channel, receiver, feedback, environment, context, and interference. Several classic models of communication are also introduced, including Aristotle's model focusing on the speaker, Shannon and Weaver's model viewing communication mathematically, Osgood and Schramm's model emphasizing meaning, and Dance's helical model depicting communication as an ongoing process. Students are then assigned to research and report on one of these historical communication models.

Uploaded by

Ja H Mes
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Communication

Process, Elements, and


Models
Nature of Communication

1. Systemic
2. Irreversible
3. Proactive
4. Symbolic
5. Dynamic
6. Involves communicators
7. Meanings are formed by the participants
Definition of Communication (Wood, 2004)

“a systemic process in which individuals interact with and through


symbols to create and interpret meanings.”
Elements of Communication

1. Source
2. Message
3. Channel
4. Receiver
5. Feedback
6. Environment
7. Context
8. Interference
Source

● Participant who crafts the message


● Can be anyone: an author of the book, traffic enforcer, mayor,
or public speaker
Message

● Reason behind the interaction


● Shared meaning between sender and receiver
● Can be: poems, songs, essays, news articles, road signs, and
even symbols
Receiver

● Decoder of the transmitted message


● Expected to listen or read carefully to enforce effective
communication
● Provides feedback or question to complete the process of
communication
Feedback

● Essential to confirm commonality between sender and


receiver
● Can be: written, spoken, or acted out (verbal or nonverbal)
Environment

● Can be: place, the feeling, emotion, mood, or mindset of the


sender and receiver
● Can be both physical or internal set-up
Context

● Expectations of both participants


● Shared understanding through the environmental signals
● Puts meaning to the message
Interference

● Barrier or noise that prevents effective communication to take


place
Kinds of Interference:
a. Psychological
b. Physical
c. Linguistic and cultural barriers
d. Mechanical
CLASS REPORTING

1. Group yourselves to form a group for oral reporting


2. Make a research about your topic.
3. Discuss its functions and usage
4. Give specific examples
TOPICS FOR REPORTING:
Models of Communication

1. Aristotle Model of Communication (300 B.C.)


2. Shannon - Weaver Model of Communication (1948)
3. Osgood - Schramm Model of Communication (1954)
4. Dance’s Helical Model of Communication (1967)
5. Berlo’s Model of Communication (1960’s)
Aristotle’s Model of Communication

● Greek Philosopher
● Focused on speaker and speech
● Public speaking
Aristotle’s Model of Communication
Shannon - Weaver Model of Communication (1948)

Claude Shannon

● Mathematician
● Cryptographer
● Electrical Engineer
Shannon - Weaver Model of Communication (1948)

Warren Weaver

● scientist
● mathematician
● science administrator
Shannon - Weaver Model of Communication (1948)
Osgood - Schramm Model of Communication (1954)

Charles E. Osgood

● psychologist
● specializes in semantics and
psycholinguistic theory
Osgood - Schramm Model of Communication (1954)

Wilbur Schramm
● Authority on mass communication
● Communication scholar
Osgood - Schramm Model of Communication (1954)
Dance’s Helical Model of Communication (1967)

Frank E. X. Dance
● Communication Professor
Dance’s Helical Model of Communication (1967)
Berlo’s Model of Communication (1960’s)

David Berlo
● Communications Theorist
Berlo’s Model of Communication (1960’s)
BRAIN TIME FREEZE

1. Who is your top 1 national hero except for Dr Jose


Rizal and Andres Bonifacio?
2. Would you rather live in Neptune or Uranus?
3. Choose one. Smartphone or Internet?
Misconceptions About Human Communication

“What we need is more communication.”

Quality is better than quantity, is also correct in


communication process. Knowing the limits of
communication will make us maximize its
effectiveness.
Misconceptions About Human Communication

“Speakers is the only responsible for effective


communication.”

Obviously not. As same as the speaker, the receiver


also have an equal responsibility in decoding and
encoding the message to complete the process
(effective) communication.
Misconceptions About Human Communication

“Communication is only consists of words.”

Non verbal communication is also important. Verbal


and nonverbal communication goes hand in hand to
produce an effective communication.
Misconceptions About Human Communication

“Meanings are in words.”

We cannot recreate a context, which means, we


actively assign meaning to words.

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