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Chapter 11 Part 2

Here are the key steps to solve this problem: 1) Given: Vapor pressure of pure CCl4 = 504 mmHg 2) Vapor pressure of solution = 483 mmHg 3) Decrease in vapor pressure = 504 - 483 = 21 mmHg 4) Molar mass of CCl4 = 153.82 g/mol 5) Molar mass of naphthalene = 128.17 g/mol 6) Use Raoult's law equation: ΔP = P°Xb 7) Substitute the values and solve for Xb to get moles of naphthalene 8) Convert moles of naphthalene to grams The number of

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24 views

Chapter 11 Part 2

Here are the key steps to solve this problem: 1) Given: Vapor pressure of pure CCl4 = 504 mmHg 2) Vapor pressure of solution = 483 mmHg 3) Decrease in vapor pressure = 504 - 483 = 21 mmHg 4) Molar mass of CCl4 = 153.82 g/mol 5) Molar mass of naphthalene = 128.17 g/mol 6) Use Raoult's law equation: ΔP = P°Xb 7) Substitute the values and solve for Xb to get moles of naphthalene 8) Convert moles of naphthalene to grams The number of

Uploaded by

4lia7med
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Colligative properties

 Properties that depends only on the number of solute particle in solution


and not on the nature of the particles
Examples
• Vapor pressure lowering
• Boiling point elevation
• Freezing point depression
• Osmotic pressure
Colligative properties of non electrolyte solution
( dilute solution whose concentration ≤0.2M)

Vapor pressure lowering

Vapor pressure : Pressure exerted by the vapors on the surface of the liquid is called vapor pressure

V.P of pure solvent =PA0


V.P of solution
PA < PA0
 Vapor pressure of solution is always less than that of the pure solvent

 The relationship between solution vapor pressure and solvent vapor pressure is given by RAOULT’S LAW
 RAOULT’S LAW

The vapor pressure of a solvent over a solution (PA) is given by vapor pressure of the pure solvent (Po A) times mole fraction of
the solute in the solution.
PA = PAo X A

PA = P o (1-X )
A
B

PA = PAo -PAoX B

P o - P =
P
A X
A
o B
A

 Decrease in vapor pressure α mole fraction of solute

Δ𝑃 = 𝐷𝑒𝑐𝑟𝑒𝑎𝑠𝑒 𝑖𝑛 𝑉. 𝑃 𝑜𝑓 𝑠𝑜𝑙𝑣𝑒𝑛𝑡 𝑖𝑛 𝑠𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛


Q12.13) Vapor pressure of pure water at a particular temperature is 700mmHg. Find
the vapor pressure of the solution obtained by dissolving 45g of glucose (M.M =
180g/mol) in 360g of water.
Q12.13) Vapor pressure of pure water at a particular temperature is 700mmHg. Find the vapor pressure
of the solution obtained by dissolving 45g of glucose (M.M = 180g/mol) in 360g of water.
Q12.14 100g of an aqueous solution has 20g of a solute (MM=46g/mol). Find :a) Vapor
pressure of the solution. b) Lowering of vapor pressure.(Vapor pressure of pure H2O is
700mmHg).
Q12.14 100g of an aqueous solution has 20g of of a solute (MM=46g/mol). Find :a) Vapor pressure of the solution. b)
Lowering of vapor pressure.(Vapor pressure of pure H2O is 700mmHg).
Q12.15 Vapor pressure of a solution containing 322g of water and 82g of solute is
20.589mmHg. Find the M.M. of the solute.(V.P of H2O = 23.76mmHg).
Q12.15 Vapor pressure of a solution containing 322g of water and 82g of solute is 20.589mmHg. Find the M.M. of the
solute.(V.P of H2O = 23.76mmHg).
Q12.16 )V.P. of pure CCl4 is 504mmHg. How many grams of naphthalene (C10H8) should be
added to 25g of CCl4 so that vapor pressure of CCl4 over the solution is 483mmHg.
Q12.16 )V.P. of pure CCl4 is 504mmHg. How many grams of naphthalene (C10H8) should be added to 25g of CCl4 so that
vapor pressure of CCl4 over the solution is 483mmHg.

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