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1 DB Intro

This document provides an overview of a lecture on database systems. It introduces database definitions, compares database and file processing systems, and outlines the advantages of a database approach. It also discusses database users such as application programmers, end users, and database administrators. The lecture will cover data and information, database schema, applications, and management systems.

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faisal shahzad
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19 views34 pages

1 DB Intro

This document provides an overview of a lecture on database systems. It introduces database definitions, compares database and file processing systems, and outlines the advantages of a database approach. It also discusses database users such as application programmers, end users, and database administrators. The lecture will cover data and information, database schema, applications, and management systems.

Uploaded by

faisal shahzad
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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In the name of

ALLAH
Introduction to
Database Systems
Lecture 1
(11-10-10)

Fall 2010
Course Objectives

Introduction to Very basics


Guides through Different
design stages
 Familiarize with a tool
 Emphasis on
Design stages of Databases

Department of Computer Science


Reference Material

• The primary text book for the course is


• “Database Systems, A practical approach to
design, implementation and management”, Fourth
Edition, Thomas Connolly, Carolyn Begg, Addison
Wesley (Don’t panic, not all of it)
• Reference books:
• “Modern Database Management”, Fred
McFadden, Jeffrey Hoffer, Benjamin/ Cummings
• “Database Systems Principles, Design and
Implementation” by Catherine Ricardo, Maxwell
Macmillan.

Department of Computer Science


Evaluation Strategy

Mid Term Exam 20%


Final Exam 30%
Quizzes 15%
Assignments 10%
Presentations 10%
Semester Project 10%
Class Participation 05%

Department of Computer Science


Importance of Course

Department of Computer Science


Lecture Overview

 Database Definition
 Comparison with the prior
Data Processing approach
 Pros & Cons of Databases

Department of Computer Science


What is a
Database

Department of Computer Science


Database Def-1

A database is a shared
collection of logically related
data that is stored to meet
the requirements of different
users of an organization

Department of Computer Science


Database Def-2

A database is a self-describing
collection of integrated records

Department of Computer Science


Database Def-3

A database models a
particular real world system in
the computer in the form of
data

Department of Computer Science


The concept of a shared
organizational database
Management Marketing

Product
Planning Control Sales
Development

Corporate
Database

Accounting Manufacturing

Accounts Accounts
Scheduling Production
Receivable Payable
Department of Computer Science
A bit of History

 Computer initially used for


computational/ engineering purposes
 Commercial applications introduced
File Processing System

Department of Computer Science


File Processing System

A collection of programs that


perform services for the end-users
such as production of reports

Department of Computer Science


File Processing Systems
Library Examination Registration

Library Examination Registration


Applications Applications Applications

Library Examination Registration


Data Data Data
Files Files Files

Program and Data Interdependence


Department of Computer Science
File Processing
Systems

Library Exam Registration

Reg_Number Reg_Number Reg_Number


Name Name Name
Father Name Address Father Name
Books Issued Class Phone
Fine Semester Address
Grade Class

Duplication of Data Incompatible Formats


Vulnerable to Inconsistency
Department of Computer Science
Database Approach

Department of Computer Science


Advantages of Database Approach
Library Examination Registration

Library Examination Registration


Applications Applications Applications

Database
Management
System

- Data Sharing University


- Data Independence
Students
- Controlled Redundancy Database - Better Data Integrity

Department of Computer Science


Thanks

Department of Computer Science


In the name of
ALLAH
Introduction to
Database Systems
Lecture 2
(14-10-10)
Fall 2010
Data & Information

Company: Super Soft Dept: Sales


Emp Name Age Salary
Malik Sharif 23 55

Sh. M. Akmal 24 55
M. A. Butt 20 40

Malik Junaid 19 20
Department of Computer Science
 Schema

Database Applications

Database Management
System (DBMS)

Department of Computer Science


Other Advantages

Data consistency
Better data security
Faster development of new
applications

Department of Computer Science


They also provide

Economy of scale
Better concurrency control
Better backup and recovery
procedures

Department of Computer Science


BUT

Its not always just the

SUGAR

Department of Computer Science


Disadvantages

Higher costs

Conversion cost

More difficult recovery

Department of Computer Science


Levels of Data

Real World Data


Entity, Record type,
Attribute Data item type
e.g. A student, e.g. Student
A class name Metadata record type

Data Occurrences

Student record, Data


item occurrence e.g.
‘s001’, ’Amir’, ‘CS101’

Department of Computer Science


Employee name, age,
qual, sal
Emp
Name text
Age number
Sal number
Malik Sharif 23 55
Sh. M. Akmal 24 55
M. A. Butt 20 40
Malik Junaid 19 20
Department of Computer Science
Levels of Data

Real-world data

Metadata

Data Occurrence

Department of Computer Science


Database Users

Application Programmers
End Users
– Naïve
– Sophisticated

Department of Computer Science


Database Users

Database Administrator (DBA)


A person who has central
control over data and programs
that access this data

Department of Computer Science


Functions of DBA

Schema definition
Granting data access
Routine Maintenance
 Backups
 Monitoring disk space
 Monitoring jobs running
Department of Computer Science
Thanks

Department of Computer Science

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