SESSION -1

Frog and Pole Problem

A lazy frog is standing at bottom of 30 feet long pole
and needs to reach the top of the pole.

Being a lazy frog , it climbs for one minute and rests

for next minute and does this repeatedly till he
reaches the top of the pole.

In one minute that it climbs it climbs up 4 feet. And

in the next minute when he is resting he slips one
feet down cause of the slippery pole.

When will the frog reach the top

of the pole for the first time ?
Frog and Pole Problem Solution
In one minute the frog climbs 4 feet and in the next minute it comes
down by 1 feet.

Effectively every 2 minutes the frog climbs 3 feet .

So , in 18 minutes the frog will climb 27 feet.

In every odd minute its climbing and every even minute its resting. So
now in 19th ,minute the frog will be climbing.

It has to climb only 3 feet now and in 1 minute it can climb 4 feet. So for 3
feet it will take 3/4th minute.

So answer is 18 minutes and 45 seconds.

Pirates and the Gold Coins
5 pirates of different ages have a treasure of 100 gold coins. On their ship,
they decide to split the coins using this scheme:

The oldest pirate proposes how to share the coins, and ALL pirates
(including the oldest) vote for or against it. If 50% or more of the pirates
vote for it, then the coins will be shared that way. Otherwise, the pirate
proposing the scheme will be thrown overboard, and the process is
repeated with the pirates that remain.

As pirates tend to be a bloodthirsty bunch, if a pirate would get the same

number of coins if he voted for or against a proposal, he will vote against
so that the pirate who proposed the plan will be thrown overboard.

Assuming that all 5 pirates are intelligent, rational, greedy, and do

not wish to die, (and are rather good at math for pirates)what is
the best solution for that the oldest pirate should propose ?
Pirates and the Gold Coins – Soln.
Lets work backwards. If there were only 2 pirates D and E.
D would split as 100 for himself and zero for E. After voting since 50% is
achieved this would go through.

Lets assume there were 3 – C, D and E.

C would split as 99 , 0 and 1 respectively. C would agree to this and so
would E as if this fails in next scenario he will get no gold coin and here he
is getting atleast 1.

Now if there were four pirates – B, C , D , E.

B would split as 99,0,1,0 respectively. B would agree to this and would D
cause if this fails in next scenario he will get no gold coin and here he is
getting atleast 1 . 2 agree makes the target of 50 % which is needed.

So in our case when there are 5. Distribution will be 98,0,1,0,1.

This will make A , C and E agree.
Quantitative Aptitude Questions
QUESTION 1 :
Three runners A, B and C run a race, with runner A finishing 12
meters ahead of runner B and 18 meters ahead of runner C,
while runner B finishes 8 meters ahead of runner C. Each
runner travels the entire distance at a constant speed.
What was the length of the race ?

1. 36 meters 2. 48 meters 3. 60 meters 4. 72 meters

 C B A

.......6 m..... ...........12 m.....

___________18 m_________
Finishing Line
QUESTION 2 :
In a race, Mohan beats Sohan by 40 m and Sohan beats Rohan
by 80 m. Mohan beats Rohan by 104 m.
Find the length of the race (in m).
QUESTION 3 :
In the morning , I drive to office from home at 40 kmph speed
and in evening return at 30 kmph speed and thereby take 6
minutes more in evening.

Find the distance between my home and office.

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QUESTION 4 :
If a man walks at the rate of 10 kmph, he reaches office 5
minutes after reporting time. However, if he walks at the rate of
15 kmph, he reaches office 10 minutes before reporting time.
What is the distance covered by him ?
QUESTION 5 :
A father drops his daughter daily from his home to school by
car. He leaves home by 4 PM reaches the school picks the
daughter and comes back home by 6 PM wasting no time
(maintaining constant speed throughout). School closes at 5 PM
everyday but one day school closed one hour earlier and so the
daughter started walking towards the home . Father unaware of
this leaves home at usual time meets the daughter on way picks
her and returns home at 5.45 PM.
Find the ratio of speed of father’s car to speed of daughter ?
QUESTION 6 :
Navjivan Express from Ahmedabad to Chennai leaves
Ahmedabad at 6:30 am and travels at 50 kmph towards Baroda
situated 100 kms away. At 7:00 am, Howrah-Ahmedabad
Express leaves Baroda towards Ahmedabad and travels at 40
kmph. At 7:30 Mr. Shah, the traffic controller at Baroda realizes
that both the trains are running on the same track.
How much time does he have to avert a head-on collision
between the two trains?
QUESTION 7 :
Car A left town X for town Y at 7 am at 54 km/hr. Car B left Y for
X at 8 am at speed of 48 km/hr. Distance between them is 90
km.
Find the time when car A and B would be 19 km apart for the
first time ?
Answers :

Q1 – 48 meters
Q2 – 200 meters
Q3 – 12 kms
Q4 – 7.5 kms
Q5 – 7:1
Q6 – 20 mins
Q7 – 8.10 AM
Word Game !!
A five letter word :

Hint 1 : It means a “Chopped Tree”

Hint 2 : Synomym for “PUZZLE or BEWILDER”
STUMP
There was a fairly tall tree where you see that stump. Why don’t
people switch to cooking on natural gas instead of firewood?
(part of a chopped tree )

In today’s Times of India, page three, there is a brainteaser that

could stump you if you are not in the habit of solving
mathematical problems. (PUZZLE or BEWILDER)
A five letter word that means :

Hint 1 : “LOSE CONSCIOUSNESS”

Hint 2 : “DIM”
FAINT
The National Cadet Corps (NCC) commander of our college unit, put off
parades this week since he feared that many cadets would faint if made
to march in this blazing heat. (lose consciousness)

His mother died when he was so young that he has only faint memories
of her. (dim or obscure)
A seven letter word that means :

Hint 1 : Far Away

Hint 2 : Unfriendly
DISTANT
Towards Sam, formerly his dear friend, Fred was now distant, moody,
cold. (unfriendly)

In order to film the snow leopard in the distant mountain range, I used the
zoom lens in my Nikon camera and got some amazing photographs. (far
away)
Verbal Aptitude Questions
Choose most appropriate option based on grammar and usage.

Q1. Khatamband is a art of making ceilings by fitting small pieces

of wood in each other in geometrical patterns.

(1) Khatamband is a art of making ceilings by fitting small pieces of

wood in each other in geometrical patterns.
(2) Khatamband is art of making ceilings by fitting small pieces of
wood to each other in geometrical patterns.
(3) Khatamband is the art of making a ceiling with fitting small
pieces of wood into each other through geometrical patterns.
(4) Khatamband is the art of making ceilings by fitting small pieces
of wood into each other in geometrical patterns.
Solution : Option 4

Choice 1 has the indefinite article ‘a’ before the word ‘art’. Since
‘art’ begins with a vowel, the indefinite article should be ‘an’. But,
the sentence speaks of a specific art and must have the definite
article before the word ‘art’.

Choice 2 leaves out the article before the word ‘art’. Since it is a
singular, countable noun used specifically, there must be an article
before it.

Choice 3 also uses the definite article, but incorrectly uses the
indefinite article before ‘ceiling’, which changes the meaning of the
sentence. Also, Choices 1 and 2 use wrong prepositions. The
correct preposition is ‘into’ but 1 uses ‘in’ and 2 uses ‘to’.
Choose most appropriate option based on grammar and usage.

Q2. All my friends railed around when I needed them most.

(1) railed around when I needed them most

(2) rallied around when I needed them most
(3) railed at when I needed them most
(4) rallied over when I needed them most
Solution : Option 2

Sentences 1 and 3 use the wrong verb ‘railed’.

Rail means ‘shouted’ or ‘ranted’, and so, does not suit the context
of the sentence.

Sentence 4 is also incorrect because ‘rallied over’ is an erroneous

expression.
Q3. Choose most appropriate option based on grammar and
usage.

(1) I’ll see you on Monday morning.

(2) I’ll be seeing you on Monday morning.
(3) I’ll see you Monday morning.
(4) I’ll see you at Monday morning.
Solution : Option 1

Sentence 2 uses the continuous tense unnecessarily.

Sentence 3 leaves out the proposition ‘on’.

Sentence 4 uses the incorrect preposition.

Q4. Choose most appropriate option based on grammar and
usage.

(1) Students can gain better understanding of sentence structure by

understanding these components.
(2) Students could gain a better understanding of sentence
structure by understanding these components.
(3) Student can gain better understanding of sentence structuring
by understanding these components.
(4) Students can gain a better understanding of the sentence
structure by understanding these components.
Solution : Option 2

Sentences 1 and 3 leave out the indefinite article ‘a’ before the
adjective ‘better’.

Sentence 3 also has the gerund ‘structuring’. The sentence lacks

grace because of the two gerunds and the participle (‘ing’ words)
used one after the other.

Sentence 4 incorrectly uses the definite article ‘the’ before

‘sentence structure’. Since it is not a specific sentence structure
that is being discussed, there is no need for an article before it.
Q5. Choose most appropriate option based on grammar and
usage.

(1) We got back home late at night but didn’t go to sleep

immediately.
(2) We got back home late night and didn’t go to sleep
immediately.
(3) We came home late at night however didn’t go to sleep
immediately.
(4) We arrived home late at night, didn’t go to sleep immediately.
Solution : Option 1

Sentence 2 leaves out the preposition at.

Sentence 3 uses the adverb ‘however’ as a conjunction, but leaves

the subject out in the second part of the sentence.

Sentence 4 also leaves out the subject and lacks a conjunction.

Q6. Choose most appropriate option based on grammar and
usage.

(1) Science has made enormous contribution to relief of human

suffering.
(2) Science has made an enormous contribution to the relief of
human suffering.
(3) Science had made an enormous contributing to the relieving of
human suffering.
(4) Science has made enormity of contribution to the relief of
human suffering.
Solution : Option 2

Sentence 1 leaves out the indefinite article ‘an’ before the adjective
‘enormous’. The noun ‘contribution’ is a singular countable noun
used in general in this sentence, so, it requires the indefinite
article.

Sentence 3 contains the gerund ‘contributing ‘instead’ of the noun

‘contribution’.

Sentence 4 changes the meaning by changing ‘enormous’ to

enormity’.
Q7.Five sentences or parts of sentences that form a paragraph are
given. Identify the sentence(s) or part(s) of sentence(s) that is/are
incorrect in terms of grammar and usage. Then choose the most
appropriate option.

A. For too many, for long,

B. cure for cancer has felt like wishing on
C. a lucky star. If we are to believe
D. published reports, however,
E. cure is eminent.

(1) A, B & E (2) A & B

(3) B, C, D & E (4) Only A
Solution : Option 1

(A, B & E) Part A is incorrect because the preposition ‘too’ has to be

left out of the phrase.

Part B is incorrect because the word cure is a single countable noun

used in general and should be preceded by the indefinite article ‘a’.

Part E has two errors. The article ‘a’ should be present before the
word cure. The word ‘eminent’ is incorrect here as it means
‘renowned’. The correct word would be ‘imminent’.
Q8.Five sentences or parts of sentences that form a paragraph are
given. Identify the sentence(s) or part(s) of sentence(s) that is/are
incorrect in terms of grammar and usage. Then choose the most
appropriate option.

A. The Trump disruption is now full flow and

B. the tectonic plates are shifting under our feet.
C. The fault lines run the issues of trade,
D. immigration, relations with China and Iran.
E. In Trumps America, there are no friends or enemies.

(1) Only A (2) A, B, D & E

(3) B & C (4) A, C, D & E
Solution : Option 4

(A, C, D & E) Part A is incorrect because of an error in the

prepositional phrase. The correct version is ‘in full flow’.

Part C is incorrect because of an error in the use of a preposition.

The correct usage is ‘the fault lines run along the issues…’, because
it implies that there are various issues.

Part D is incorrect because there should be the conjunction ‘and’

before ‘relations with….’

Sentence E is incorrect because there is an apostrophe missing in

the word ‘Trumps’.
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