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01 Introduction To Engineering Design

The document provides an introduction to engineering design, including definitions, different design levels, the importance of design, reasons for design failures, and an overview of the systematic design process. It discusses the key steps of identifying customer needs and problem definition, conceptual design, and embodiment design.

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Antony Njoroge
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7 views

01 Introduction To Engineering Design

The document provides an introduction to engineering design, including definitions, different design levels, the importance of design, reasons for design failures, and an overview of the systematic design process. It discusses the key steps of identifying customer needs and problem definition, conceptual design, and embodiment design.

Uploaded by

Antony Njoroge
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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INTRODUCTION TO

ENGINEERING DESIGN
Definition
 Engineering Design is the process of devising a
system, component, or process to meet desired
needs.

 “Imagination is more important than knowledge,


for knowledge is finite whereas imagination is
infinite” ~ Albert Einstein
Design Levels
 Adaptive design
 adaptation of existing designs.
 Development design
 The designer starts from an existing design, but the
final outcome may differ markedly from the initial
product
 New design
 generating a new concept
 involves mastering all the previous skills in addition to
creativity and imagination, insight, and foresight.
Importance of Design
 Design does not start with an engineering drawing
made on a computer package such as AutoCAD™.
 Design is most important steps in the development
of a product
 No matter how good the manufacturing, production,
sales, etc. are, if a product is poorly designed, the end
product still will be a bad idea and will ultimately fail,
as no one likes to purchase a bad idea.
Case Studies of Poor Design
Reasons for Engineering Design Failures – Walton
List

 Incorrect or overextended assumptions


 Poor understanding of the problem to be solved
 Incorrect design specifications
 Faulty manufacturing and assembly
 Error in design calculations
 Incomplete experimentation and inadequate data
collection
 Errors in drawings
 Faulty reasoning from good assumptions
Other types of Design Failure
 However, even if a design is a technical success and
no faults occur, many designs still fail to achieve
their desired goals, and many achieve them but are
not adopted by the users. So why do many people
fail at design?

 Designers not only have to have the creative and


technical skills to develop an idea to become a
reality, but they also need to predict the future in
some ways.
Systematic Design
 It was introduced to help guide the design process
 Requirements
 Product concept
 Solution concept
 Embodiment design
 Detailed design
Most Important Step – Needs and Customer
Identification

 The most important step of the design process is


identifying the needs of the customer or the
‘Requirements’ stage.
 However, before this is done, it is important to
establish who the customers are.
 A vital concept to grasp here is that customers are
not only the end users. Customers of a product are
everyone who will deal with the product at some
stage during its lifetime.
Example – Customers of an Airplane
 • Passengers
 • Crew
 • Pilot
 • Airport
 • Engineers and service crew
 • Fueling companies
 • Airlines
 • Manufacturing and production departments
 • Baggage handlers
 • Cleaning and catering companies
 • Sales and marketing
 • Accounts and finance departments
 • Military/Courier/Cargo/etc
 • Authorities and official bodies
 • Companies involved with the items that will be outsourced
A Brief Overview of the Design Process

 Need Identification and Problem Definition


 Interviewing with customers
 An active team should constantly meet current and potential customers to identify
the strength and weakness of a product so as to examine if there is any need to
upgrade.
 Focus group
 A focus group refers to a small sub-set of existing customers or potential
customers. A discussion is usually facilitated in many such groups separately to
identify more closely the merits and demerits of the product.
 Customer survey
 A written questionnaire is possibly the best way to know the pubic opinions for
redesigning an existing product or developing a new product.
 Customer complaints
 Complaints from customers provide a significant premise to identify the requisite
improvement for an existing product.
A Brief Overview of the Design Process

 Conceptual Design
 Identification of customer needs:
 Problem definition:
 Gathering Information:
 Conceptualization:
 Concept selection
 Embodiment Design
 Product architecture: It is concerned with dividing the
overall design system into small subsystems and modules
 Configuration design: In this process we determine what all
features are required in the various parts / components and
how these features are to be arranged in space relative to
each other.
 Parametric design: It starts with information from the
configuration design process and aims to establish the exact
dimensions and tolerances of the product. Also, final
decisions on the material and manufacturing processes are
done if it has not been fixed in the previous process.

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