LECTURE # 02

Contents
 Characteristics of Construction Industry
 Project
 Project Life Cycle and its Phases
 Project Management
 Project Management Objectives
 Project Manager
 PMBOK
 Project Life Cycle
 What is Construction ?
 Construction is the process of building some facility
physically.
 Construction is the process of preparing and forming
buildings and building systems. Construction starts with
planning, design and financing and continues until the
structure is ready for occupancy
 What is Construction ?
 Building
 Roads / Highway
 Airport
 Harbor
 Dam
 Tunnel
 Bridge
Distribution of Construction Sector
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 Construction Industry
 Nature of Construction Industry
 Fragmented
 3 D (Difficult , Dirty, Dangerous)
 Scope of Civil Engineering Works
 The main scope of civil engineering or the task of civil engineering
is
 Planning
 Designing
 Estimating
 Supervising construction
 Managing construction
 Execution
 Maintenance of structures
Characteristics of the Construction
Industry
 Physical characteristics
 Dependent upon the physical nature of projects
 Complex and expensive
 Requires geographical area
 Customer tailored
 Scattered
Characteristics of the Construction
Industry
 Incorporates small to giant international, multibillion-dollar
contracts.
 Highly competitive.
 Unfixed profit margins.
 Dependent upon
 Government policy
 Economic cycles
Characteristics of the Construction
Industry
 Discrete process of the price determination and depends upon
 Project characteristics
 Bidding process adopted
 Negotiations
 Human resources issues
 Growing shortage of skilled workers due to:
 4D Industry Perception (dull, dirty, demanding, and dangerous)
 Aging workforce
 Slow adoption of technological advancements
 Traveling involved
 Quality control concerns
 Safety issues
 Characteristics of the Construction
Industry
 “Any group or individual who can affect or is affected by the
achievement of the organization's objectives.” R. Edward Freeman
 Multiple Stakeholders
 Owner
 Architect
 Contractor
 Subcontractors
 Materials and equipment suppliers
 Regulatory agencies etc
 Key Stakeholders
There are three principal contracting stakeholders / parties
involved in any construction projects

 Client (s)

 Consultant (s)

 Contractor (s) Client Contractor

Consultant
 Project
 According to PMI ( Project Management Institute), Project is

“a temporary endeavor undertaken to create a unique

product or service.”
 Project
 Temporary means that every project has a definite end.
• The end is reached:
• When the project’s objectives have been achieved, or
• When it becomes clear that the project objectives will not or cannot be
met and the project is terminated.
• Temporary does not necessarily mean short in duration:
• Many projects last for several years.
 Unique means that the product or service is different in some
distinguishing way from all similar products or services.
 Project
 Major Characteristics of a Project
A Project has …

Established objectives

Specific budget

Defined life span

definite beginning and end
 Project
 Major Characteristics of a Project
A Project has …

Owner/ Sponsor Unique Specific time, cost and

performance
requirements
 Project
 Major Characteristics of a Project
A Project has …

Involves a cross-the-organizational Produces specific deliverables

participation
 Phases of Project
 Business Planning
 Conceptual Design
 Detailed Design
 Procurement
 Construction
 Testing, Start-up & Implementation
 Operations & Utilization
 Decommissioning
Introduction:
Project Life Cycle
 Project Management
The application of knowledge, skills, tools and techniques to project
activities in order to meet or exceed stakeholder needs and expectations
from a project
The act of directing and coordinating human and material resources
throughout the life of a project to achieve predetermined objectives of
 Scope
 Quality
 Effort
 Time
Project Management
 Objectives of Project Management
• The objectives of Project Management are
– To foresee or predict as many dangers and problems as possible
– To plan, organize and control activities so that the project is
completed as successfully as possible in spite of all the risks.
– To ensure performance and Quality
– Remain within the allocated budget
– Ensure completion of project within stipulated time frame.
 Project Management Triangle
 The Project Management Triangle (called also the Triple
Constraint, Iron Triangle and "Project Triangle") is a
model of the constraints of project management.
Who is Project Manager ?
 Project Manager
 A person responsible for accomplishing the project objectives which
includes:
 defining and communicating project objectives and make sure that they are
clear, useful and attainable
 procuring the project requirements like workforce, required information,
various agreements and material or technology needed
 managing the constraints of the project management triangle, which
are cost, time, scope and quality
 Project managers have the responsibility of the planning, procurement
and execution of a project, in any undertaking that has a defined scope,
defined start and a defined finish; regardless of industry.
 What is Construction Management?
 Construction Management is process of the planning,
coordinating, and building of a project from conception to
completion.
 Is a technique to oversee the planning, design, and
construction of a project, from its beginning to its end.
 Construction management is the overall planning,
coordination, and control of a construction process from
beginning to completion.
 What is Construction Management?
 The purpose of CM is to
 Control a project's time, cost and quality.
 Meet the client's requirement in order to produce a
functionally and financially viable project .
Objectives of Construction Management
 To specifying project objectives and plans
 Including delineation of scope, budgeting, scheduling, setting
performance requirements, and selecting project participants.
 Maximizing the resource efficiency through procurement of
labor, materials and equipment.
Objectives of Construction Management
 Implementing various operations through proper coordination and
control of
 Planning,
 Design,
 Estimating,
 Contracting And Construction In The Entire Process.
 Developing effective communications and mechanisms for
resolving conflicts.
Who is Construction Manager
 Who is Construction Manager
 A construction manager is person who
 Plans
 Coordinates
 Budgets/ estimates
 Supervises
 A construction projects from early development to
completion.
What does a Construction Manager Do
 Prepare and negotiate cost estimates, budgets, and work timetables
 Select appropriate construction methods and strategies
 Interpret and explain contracts and technical information to workers and
other professionals
 Report on work progress and budget matters to clients
 Collaborate with architect, engineers and other construction and building
specialists
 Instruct and supervise construction personnel and activities onsite
 Respond to work delays and other problems and emergencies
 Select, hire, and instruct laborers and subcontractors
 Comply with legal requirements, building and safety codes, and other
regulations
Responsibilities of a Construction Manager
 There are certain tasks that are performed by construction
managers. These include:
 Quality management. Construction projects quite often involve a
number of contractors and subcontractors.
 One of the most important jobs of the construction manager is
making certain everyone is doing quality work and not cutting any
corners along the way.
 Cost management. A good construction manager is constantly on top
of costs and makes the necessary adjustments when unexpected
complications or issues arise.
 Safety management. Construction managers need to be able to
identify and eliminate possible safety hazards for the good of everyone
on the job site.
Responsibilities of a Construction Manager
Contract administration. It is the job of the construction manager to
ensure that every provision of the contract is being met and that all parties
involved are happy.
Contractual Communication . Construction managers need to keep all
parties involved well informed throughout the whole project. It includes the
 client,

 the architect
 any contractor or subcontractor involved.
 Ifissues arrive, the manager must be in the position to deal with them
immediately.
 PMBOK (Project Management Body of
Knowledge)
 Knowledge Areas - 10
 Project Management Process Groups – 05
 THE 10 PMBOK AREAS & 5 PROCESS GROUPS
Integration Management
4 Initiation
Project Management Knowledge Areas (PMBOK)

Scope Management 7
Time Management P Planning

Cost Management R

Quality Management O Implementation

Human Resource Management C

E Closur
Communication Management
e
S
Risk Management
Monitoring,
S
Procurement Management Evaluation &
E Control
Stakeholder Management
S
Project Management Process
Groups
Project Management Process
Groups
Overall View Of Knowledge Areas
 Project Life Cycle

Monitoring, Evaluation & Control

Initiation

Planning

Implementation

Closure
 Project Life Cycle
 Defines different phases of a project life

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Project Life Cycle:

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Be the change that you wish to
see in the world.

Mahatma Gandhi