MULTIMEDIA TECHNOLOGIES

(UNIT-I)

U1.
© Bharati Vidyapeeth’s Institute of Computer Applications and Management, New Delhi-63, by Dr. Saumya Bansal
1
 What is Multimedia?

Representation of information in an attractive and interactive manner with

the use of combination of
 text,
 graphic art / images,
 sound,
 animation,
 video,

In other words, computerized way of presenting information

© Bharati Vidyapeeth’s Institute of Computer Applications and Management, New Delhi-63. Dr. Saumya Bansal U1. 2
 What is Multimedia?

•Text

•Graphics

•Sound

•Animation

•Video

© Bharati Vidyapeeth’s Institute of Computer Applications and Management, New Delhi-63. Dr. Saumya Bansal U1. 3
 What is Multimedia?

• As the name suggests, multi + media

•Multiple media used for communication

•Types of medium : Hardware and Software

© Bharati Vidyapeeth’s Institute of Computer Applications and Management, New Delhi-63. Dr. Saumya Bansal U1. 4
 Example of Multimedia

• E-mail

• Yahoo Messenger

• Video Conferencing

• Multimedia message service

© Bharati Vidyapeeth’s Institute of Computer Applications and Management, New Delhi-63. Dr. Saumya Bansal U1. 5
 Why Multimedia?
• Added value of visualization
 Clarify thinking
 Reinforce understanding
 Integrate new knowledge
 Identify misconceptions
• Added value of Audio
• Ear training
• Added value of video
• Quick, rich and authentic communication of
demonstration, simulation, events and stories
• Absorb and engage viewer making difficult concepts
memorable
© Bharati Vidyapeeth’s Institute of Computer Applications and Management, New Delhi-63. Dr. Saumya Bansal U1. 6
 Why Multimedia?

Multimedia enhances learning, memory and retention

 audio stimulation - 20% retention rate
 audio/visual - up to 30% retention rate
 interactive multimedia - up to 60% retention rate

© Bharati Vidyapeeth’s Institute of Computer Applications and Management, New Delhi-63. Dr. Saumya Bansal U1. 7
 Applications of Multimedia

Business
• Used for floating information in global groups.
• Voice mail, e-mail, employee training.
Marketing
• Marketing of new products can be greatly enhanced.
• PPTs with flying banners, video transitions, animations are some of the
elements used in composing a multimedia based advertisement to
appeal to the consumer in a way never used before and promote the
sale of the products.
Entertainment

© Bharati Vidyapeeth’s Institute of Computer Applications and Management, New Delhi-63. Dr. Saumya Bansal U1. 8
 Applications of Multimedia

Education
• Many computer games with focus on education are now available.
• Consider an example of an educational game which plays various
rhymes for kids.
• The child can paint the pictures, increase reduce size of various objects
etc apart from just playing the rhymes.
Bank
• Bank also displays information about its various schemes on a PC
monitor placed in the rest area for customers.
Hospital
• Multimedia best use in hospitals is for real time monitoring of conditions
of patients in critical illness or accident.

© Bharati Vidyapeeth’s Institute of Computer Applications and Management, New Delhi-63. Dr. Saumya Bansal U1. 9
 CD-ROM Technology

• Compact disc read-only memory

• Most cost-effective distribution medium for multimedia projects
• Discs can be stamped out of poly-carbonate plastic as fast as cookies
on a baker’s production line and just as cheaply.
• Many systems now come with a DVD-ROM player.
• Multilayered Digital Versatile Disk (DVD) technology increases the
capacity and multimedia capability or current optical technology to 18
GB.
• CD and DVD burners are used for reading discs and for making them,
too, in audio, video, and data formats.

© Bharati Vidyapeeth’s Institute of Computer Applications and Management, New Delhi-63. Dr. Saumya Bansal U1. 10
 Multimedia Highway

• CD-ROM and DVD discs are but interim memory technologies that will
be replaced by new devices that do not require moving parts.

• As the data highway described below becomes more and more

pervasive.

• Users become better “connected”, copper wire, glass Fiber, and

radio/cellular technologies may prevail as the most common delivery
means for interactive multimedia files, served across the broadband
internet or from dedicated computer farms and storage facilities.

© Bharati Vidyapeeth’s Institute of Computer Applications and Management, New Delhi-63. Dr. Saumya Bansal U1. 11
 Multimedia Highway

• Glass Fiber cables that makes up much of the physical backbone of the data
highway are, in many cases.

• Railroad and pipelines companies who simply buried the cables on existing
rights of way where no special permits and environmental reports are necessary.

• Full-text content from books and magazines is accessible by modem and

electronic link

• Features movies are played at home

• Real-time new reports from anywhere on earth are available

• Lectures from participating universities are monitored for education credits

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 Types of Multimedia

Non-linear and interactive multimedia

• users are given navigational control and can wander through the
content. Ex-Hypertext, games, e-book
• Interactive Multimedia which provides a structure of linked
elements through which the user can navigate.
• Allows the user to control
 what and
 when the elements are delivered
• Non-linear content is also known as hypermedia content. ex
www, power point links
Linear multimedia
• Linear or non Interactive- users watch from beginning to end.
Ex- movie

© Bharati Vidyapeeth’s Institute of Computer Applications and Management, New Delhi-63. Dr. Saumya Bansal U1. 13
© Bharati Vidyapeeth’s Institute of Computer Applications and Management, New Delhi-63. Dr. Saumya Bansal U1. 14
© Bharati Vidyapeeth’s Institute of Computer Applications and Management, New Delhi-63. Dr. Saumya Bansal U1. 15
 Text
• imposes strict linear progression on the reader
• the author’s ideas of what is best
page 1 page 2 page 3 page 4

this is text this is text this is text this is text

this is text or is it or is it or is it or is it
hypertext hypertext hypertext hypertext
or is it only links only links only links only links
can tell can tell can tell can tell
hypertext
only links
can tell

• often good :-)

… but not always!

© Bharati Vidyapeeth’s Institute of Computer Applications and Management, New Delhi-63. Dr. Saumya Bansal U1. 16
 Hypertext - not just linear
• Non-linear structure
 blocks of text (pages)
 links between pages create a mesh or network
 users follow their own path through information

bookmark

home
this is text this is text
or is it or is it
this is text this is text
this is text or is it or is it
hypertext hypertext
or is it hypertext hypertext
only links only links
can tell can tell
only links only links
hypertext can tell can tell
only links
can tell
back link

this is text this is text this is text

or is it or is it or is it
hypertext hypertext hypertext
only links only links only links
external link can tell can tell can tell

© Bharati Vidyapeeth’s Institute of Computer Applications and Management, New Delhi-63. Dr. Saumya Bansal U1. 17
 Hypermedia – not just text
• hypertext systems + additional media
 picture, photographs, video and sound,diagram

• links/hotspots may be in media

 areas of pictures
 times and locations in video

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 Characteristics of a Multimedia System

A Multimedia system has four basic characteristics:

• Multimedia systems must be computer controlled.

• Multimedia systems are integrated.
• The information they handle must be represented
digitally.
• The interface to the final presentation of media is usually
interactive

© Bharati Vidyapeeth’s Institute of Computer Applications and Management, New Delhi-63. Dr. Saumya Bansal U1. 19
 Components of a Multimedia System
Capture devices
 Video Camera, Video Recorder, Audio Microphone,
Keyboards, mice, graphics tablets, 3D input devices,
sensors, VR devices.
Storage Devices
 Hard disks, CD-ROMs, Jaz/Zip drives, DVD, Flash
drives etc
Communication Networks
 Ethernet, Token Ring, FDDI, ATM, Intranets, Internets.
Computer Systems
 Multimedia Desktop machines, Workstations,
MPEG/VIDEO Hardware
Display Devices
 CD-quality speakers, HDTV, Hi-Res monitors, Colour
printers etc.

© Bharati Vidyapeeth’s Institute of Computer Applications and Management, New Delhi-63. Dr. Saumya Bansal U1. 20
 Features for a Multimedia System
Very High Processing Power
 needed to deal with large data processing and real time
delivery of media. RAM,HDD,CPU etc.
Network Support
 Client-server systems common as distributed systems
common.
Software Tools
 user friendly tools needed to handle media, design and
develop applications, deliver media.
Storage and Memory
 large storage units (of the order of 50 -100 Gb or more)
and large memory (1-2 Gb or more). Large Caches also
required for efficient management.

© Bharati Vidyapeeth’s Institute of Computer Applications and Management, New Delhi-63. Dr. Saumya Bansal U1. 21
 Features for a Multimedia System
Efficient and High I/O
 input and output to the file subsystem needs to be
efficient and fast. Needs to allow for real-time recording
as well as playback of data. e.g. Direct to Disk
recording systems
Multimedia Capable File System
 needed to deliver real-time media - e.g. Video/Audio
Streaming. Special Hardware/Software needed e.g.
RAID technology.

Data Representations/File Formats that support

multimedia
 Data representations/file formats should be easy to
handle yet allow for compression/decompression in
real-time.

© Bharati Vidyapeeth’s Institute of Computer Applications and Management, New Delhi-63. Dr. Saumya Bansal U1. 22
 Introduction to Making Multimedia
Projects

© Bharati Vidyapeeth’s Institute of Computer Applications and Management, New Delhi-63. Dr. Saumya Bansal U1. 23
 Multimedia Project
• Multimedia project is a classic software project which is developed
using multimedia technology with the specific aim of distributing
information in an entertaining and compelling manner.

• Multimedia projects require creativity, artistic as well as programming

skills.

• While developing the multimedia application, the professionals have to

choose the hardware and software equipment and components a
variety of software tools are available.

• Examples of multimedia projects: a Web page with links and images, a

PowerPoint presentation with photographs and music, a slide show with
sound, a video with sound, an animation with sound, etc.

© Bharati Vidyapeeth’s Institute of Computer Applications and Management, New Delhi-63. Dr. Saumya Bansal U1. 24
 Introduction to Making Multimedia
Developing Multimedia

1. To make multimedia, you need hardware, software,

good ideas.
2. To make GOOD multimedia you also need talent and skill,
organization, time, money and the help of others.
3. Teamwork is essential
• Knowledge of hardware and software, as well as
creativity and organizational skills are essential for
creating a high-quality multimedia project.

© Bharati Vidyapeeth’s Institute of Computer Applications and Management, New Delhi-63. Dr. Saumya Bansal U1. 25
 Introduction to Making Multimedia
Stages of a Project
• A Multimedia application is developed in stages as all
other software are being developed.
• In multimedia application development a few stages have to
complete before other stages being, and some stages may
be skipped or combined with other stages.
• Following are the four basic stages of multimedia project
development :
1. Planning and costing,
2. Design and production,
3. Testing and
4. Delivery.

© Bharati Vidyapeeth’s Institute of Computer Applications and Management, New Delhi-63. Dr. Saumya Bansal U1. 26
 Making Multimedia cont..

Stages of a Project
1. Planning and costing- should include: with an idea
 Identify objectives
 Develop a prototype
 plan text, graphics, music, video
 develop graphic layout (“look and feel”)
 develop a structure and navigation system
 Estimate time and cost
 estimate time needed to complete
 prepare budget ( if necessary)

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 Making Multimedia cont..

 A flow chart or timeline showing the basic flow of the

project
 A list of hardware and software resources that will be
required
 A list of skills that will be required

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 Making Multimedia cont..
2. Designing and Producing : The next stage is to execute
each of the planned tasks and create a finished product.

3. Testing : Testing a project ensure the product to be free

from bugs.
• Another aspect of testing is to ensure that the multimedia
application meets the objectives of the project.
• It is also necessary to test whether the multimedia project
works properly on the intended deliver platforms and they
meet the needs of the clients.

© Bharati Vidyapeeth’s Institute of Computer Applications and Management, New Delhi-63. Dr. Saumya Bansal U1. 29
 Making Multimedia cont..
4. Delivering : The final stage of the multimedia application
development is to pack the project and deliver the
completed project to the end user.
• This stage has several steps such as maintenance, shipping
and marketing the product.

• package and deliver to end user

 create CD-ROM, labels, etc.
 prepare user manual

© Bharati Vidyapeeth’s Institute of Computer Applications and Management, New Delhi-63. Dr. Saumya Bansal U1. 30
 Making Good Multimedia

multimedia systems should be interactive -users click and

watch For fully interactive systems, Designers need clear
picture of what happens as user interacts

• More GUI
• More interactive
• More user friendly
• Easy navigation
• Max client satisfaction

© Bharati Vidyapeeth’s Institute of Computer Applications and Management, New Delhi-63. Dr. Saumya Bansal U1. 31
 Making Multimedia (What you need)
What you need to make a good multimedia product is
1. Hardware
2. Software
3. Creativity / Good ideas
4. Time & money
5. Organization
6. Teamwork

© Bharati Vidyapeeth’s Institute of Computer Applications and Management, New Delhi-63. Dr. Saumya Bansal U1. 32
 Multimedia Skills and Training
Multimedia Skill set and Multimedia Project Team
• Project Manager
• Multimedia Designer
• Interface Designer
• Writer
• Video Specialist
• Audio Specialist
• Multimedia Programmer
• Producer of Multimedia for Web

© Bharati Vidyapeeth’s Institute of Computer Applications and Management, New Delhi-63. Dr. Saumya Bansal U1. 33
 Multimedia Skills and Training

Project Manager
Responsibilities
 Overall project
 Day to day operations and budget
 Put together good core team
 Maintain the “big picture” – the vision
Background/skills
 Understand hardware & software
 Communication skills
 Good “people” skills- a good listener

© Bharati Vidyapeeth’s Institute of Computer Applications and Management, New Delhi-63. Dr. Saumya Bansal U1. 34
 Multimedia Skills and Training

Multimedia Designer
Responsibilities:
 Overall content and structure
 Prepares design for project: content, media, interaction
 Sometime overlaps with Interface Designer
 Coordinates team
A) Graphic Designers
B) Instructional Designers
C) Information Designers

© Bharati Vidyapeeth’s Institute of Computer Applications and Management, New Delhi-63. Dr. Saumya Bansal U1. 35
 Multimedia Skills and Training

Multimedia Designer
Background/skills
 Ability to analyze content structurally and match it with
effective presentation
 Expert with different media types
 Ability to look at information from different points of view
 Interpersonal skills
 Understand resources- both technological and human
 Solid organizational skills, attention to detail

© Bharati Vidyapeeth’s Institute of Computer Applications and Management, New Delhi-63. Dr. Saumya Bansal U1. 36
 Multimedia Skills and Training

Multimedia Designer
A) Graphic designer – deals with visuals
Animators ( Flash)
Image processing specialists ( Photoshop)
B) Instructional Designers – creates engaging
learning activities and develops course content to
facilitate effective knowledge acquisition.
•Clear and proper presentation
•Knowledge of content
C) Information Designers – deal with contents and
navigation structure content
•Determine user feedback
© Bharati Vidyapeeth’s Institute of Computer Applications and Management, New Delhi-63. Dr. Saumya Bansal U1. 37
 Multimedia Skills and Training
Interface Designer
Responsibilities:
 Provides access to media and guide the people who use
it
 Makes clear interface “transparent” to users ( effective
use of windows, icons, backgrounds, controls, etc.)
Background/skills
 Familiar with different multimedia interfaces
 Knows authoring system, user testing
 Basic drawing skills

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 Multimedia Skills and Training

Video Specialist
Responsibilities:
 Coordinate videographers, sound technicians, lighting
designers, set designers, script supervisors, production
assistants, actors
Background/skills:
 Skilled with QuickTime or MS Video for editing
 Macromedia Premiere for special effects

© Bharati Vidyapeeth’s Institute of Computer Applications and Management, New Delhi-63. Dr. Saumya Bansal U1. 39
 Multimedia Skills and Training

Audio Specialist
Responsibilities:
 Locating and selecting suitable music and talent
 Scheduling recording sessions
 Digitizing, editing recorded materials
Background/skills:
 Skilled in studio recording

© Bharati Vidyapeeth’s Institute of Computer Applications and Management, New Delhi-63. Dr. Saumya Bansal U1. 40
 Multimedia Skills and Training

Multimedia Programmer
Responsibilities:
 Integrates multimedia elements as complete project
using programming language or authoring system
(Authorware)
 Coding displays to controlling devices
Background/skills:
 Multimedia languages (C++, Java, Lingo)
 HTML, VRML, XML
 Ability to quickly learn new languages.

© Bharati Vidyapeeth’s Institute of Computer Applications and Management, New Delhi-63. Dr. Saumya Bansal U1. 41
 Multimedia Skills and Training

Writers
Responsibilities:
 Create character, action, point of view, interactivity
 Write proposals, script actor’s narration, write text
screen( content writers)
Background/skills:
 Background in marketing
 Ability to work within tight deadlines

© Bharati Vidyapeeth’s Institute of Computer Applications and Management, New Delhi-63. Dr. Saumya Bansal U1. 42
 Multimedia Skills and Training

Multimedia Producer for the Web

Responsibilities:
 Coordinates set of pages for the web
 Web content uploading
Background/skills:
 Knowledge of HTML, CGI scripts, Photoshop, etc.

© Bharati Vidyapeeth’s Institute of Computer Applications and Management, New Delhi-63. Dr. Saumya Bansal U1. 43
 Virtual Reality

• Virtual reality is a simulated 3D environment that enables users to

explore and interact with a virtual surrounding in a way that
approximates reality, as it is perceived through the users' senses.

• The environment is created with computer hardware and software,

although users might also need to wear devices such as helmets or
goggles to interact with the environment.

• The more deeply users can immerse themselves in a VR environment --

and block out their physical surroundings -- the more they are able to
suspend their belief and accept it as real, even if it is fantastical in
nature.

© Bharati Vidyapeeth’s Institute of Computer Applications and Management, New Delhi-63. Dr. Saumya Bansal U1. 44
 Virtual Reality

VR generally fall into one of the following three categories:

•Non-immersive:
This type of VR typically refers to a 3D simulated
environment that's accessed through a computer screen.
The environment might also generate sound, depending on
the program.
The user has some control over the virtual environment
using a keyboard, mouse or other device, but the environment
does not directly interact with the user.
A video game is a good example

© Bharati Vidyapeeth’s Institute of Computer Applications and Management, New Delhi-63. Dr. Saumya Bansal U1. 45
 Virtual Reality

•Semi-immersive:
This type of VR offers a partial virtual experience that's
accessed through a computer screen or some type of glasses
or headset.
It focuses primarily on the visual 3D aspect of virtual reality
and does not incorporate physical movement in the way that
full immersion does.
A common example of semi-immersive VR is the flight
simulator, which is used by airlines and militaries to train their
pilots.

© Bharati Vidyapeeth’s Institute of Computer Applications and Management, New Delhi-63. Dr. Saumya Bansal U1. 46
 Virtual Reality

• Fully immersive:
 This type of VR delivers the greatest level of virtual reality, completely
immersing the user in the simulated 3D world.
 It incorporates sight, sound and, in some cases, touch. There have even
been some experiments with the addition of smell.
 Users wear special equipment such as helmets, goggles or gloves and
are able to fully interact with the environment.
 The environment might also incorporate such equipment as treadmills or
stationary bicycles to provide users with the experience of moving
through the 3D space.
 Fully immersive VR technology is a field still in its infancy, but it has
made important inroads into the gaming industry and to some extent the
healthcare industry, and it's generating a great deal of interest in others.

© Bharati Vidyapeeth’s Institute of Computer Applications and Management, New Delhi-63. Dr. Saumya Bansal U1. 47
 Challenges in Multimedia Technologies

1. Synchronisation
Playing frames in right order

2. Cost
•Production of multimedia is more expensive than others because it is
made up of more than one medium.
•It requires an electronic device, which may be relatively expensive.

3. Equipment Failure
•Multimedia often requires more equipment to deliver a message than more
traditional mediums.
•Whenever equipment is invoked, there is always the chance of equipment
failure.

© Bharati Vidyapeeth’s Institute of Computer Applications and Management, New Delhi-63. Dr. Saumya Bansal U1. 48
 Challenges in Multimedia Technologies

4. Technical Barriers
•Personal computers or workstations that can support multimedia data.
•Latest file servers that can handle the volumes of data.
•Upgraded software tools that can control the quality of different forms of information.
•Local and wide area networks for the transmission of multimedia information.

5. Social and Psychological Barriers

•The typical environment of the office does not support multimedia interaction due to
the background noise.
•Sometimes during videoconferencing, the participants get distracted by the
movements in the background, which is responsible for the low quality of the picture.

© Bharati Vidyapeeth’s Institute of Computer Applications and Management, New Delhi-63. Dr. Saumya Bansal U1. 49
 Challenges in Multimedia Technologies

6. Legal Problems
• One of the biggest problems regarding the growth of multimedia
applications is "ownership of content".
• It will be legal if someone reproduces some copyright work without the
copyright owner's permission.
• In such a case, the copyright owner can sue for damages.

© Bharati Vidyapeeth’s Institute of Computer Applications and Management, New Delhi-63. Dr. Saumya Bansal U1. 50
 Multimedia Hardware
Peripherals

© Bharati Vidyapeeth’s Institute of Computer Applications and Management, New Delhi-63. Dr. Saumya Bansal U1. 51
 Multimedia Hardware Peripherals

• Input devices

• Output devices

• Storage devices

• Communication devices
--Modems
--Network Interfaces

© Bharati Vidyapeeth’s Institute of Computer Applications and Management, New Delhi-63. Dr. Saumya Bansal U1. 52
 Input Devices

• Keyboards
• Mouse and Trackballs
• Touch screens
• Magnetic Card Encoders and Readers
• Graphic Tablets
• Scanners
• Optical Code Recognition (OCR) Devices
• Infrared remotes
• Voice Recognition Systems
• Digital Cameras
• Lightpens

© Bharati Vidyapeeth’s Institute of Computer Applications and Management, New Delhi-63. Dr. Saumya Bansal U1. 53
 Output Devices

• Audio Devices
• Amplifiers and Speakers
• Monitors
• Video Devices
• Projectors
CRT – cathode ray tube
LCD – liquid crystal display
• Printers
 Injet
 laser

© Bharati Vidyapeeth’s Institute of Computer Applications and Management, New Delhi-63. Dr. Saumya Bansal U1. 54
 Output Devices

VR helmet and VR immersive display

Video Devices

55
© Bharati Vidyapeeth’s Institute of Computer Applications and Management, New Delhi-63. Dr. Saumya Bansal U1. 55
 Output Devices

VR helmet

© Bharati Vidyapeeth’s Institute of Computer Applications and Management, New Delhi-63. Dr. Saumya Bansal U1. 56
 Output Devices
Immersive Environments and
Display Systems
• We create dynamic, audio visual
displays which immerse users into a
virtual world.
• Using single lens or multi-projector
technology, we are able to create
immersive digital signage, interactive
museum exhibits, flight simulators,
3D immersive user and gaming
experiences.

© Bharati Vidyapeeth’s Institute of Computer Applications and Management, New Delhi-63. Dr. Saumya Bansal U1. 57
 Memory and Storage devices
• Sufficient memory must be allocated for storing and
archiving files.
• Memory requirements of a multimedia project depend
on the project's content and scope.
• RAM, ROM
• Floppy and Hard Disks
• Zip, Jaz and Syquest
 Zip – 100MB
 Jaz – 1 GB
• Optical Storage CD, CD-R,WORM etc.
• RAID(redundant array of inexpensive drives)
• DVD (Digital Versatile Disk) upto 1GB
 DVD-video,DVD-ROM etc.
© Bharati Vidyapeeth’s Institute of Computer Applications and Management, New Delhi-63. Dr. Saumya Bansal U1. 58
 Memory and Storage devices cont..
• Magneto-optical drives -MO discs were WORM
(write once, read many) drives, but later read/write
MO drives became available.
• The disc consists of a ferromagnetic material sealed
under a plastic coating.
• the older type of magnetic diskette can store 1.44
megabytes (MB) of data, an MO diskette can store
many times that amount, ranging from 100 MB up to
several gigabytes (GB).

© Bharati Vidyapeeth’s Institute of Computer Applications and Management, New Delhi-63. Dr. Saumya Bansal U1. 59
 Multimedia Software

Familiar Tools

Multimedia Authoring Tools

Elemental Tools

© Bharati Vidyapeeth’s Institute of Computer Applications and Management, New Delhi-63. Dr. Saumya Bansal U1. 60
 Familiar Tools

Word Processors
-Microsoft Word

Spreadsheets
-Excel

Databases

Presentation Tools
-PowerPoint

© Bharati Vidyapeeth’s Institute of Computer Applications and Management, New Delhi-63. Dr. Saumya Bansal U1. 61
 Elemental Tools
Elemental tools help us work with the important basic
elements of your project: its graphics, images, sound, text
and moving pictures.
Elemental tools includes:
• Painting And Drawing Tools(Ex-DeskDraw, DeskPaint,
Designer, paint)
• Cad And 3-D Drawing Tools(Ex- AutoCAD)
• Image Editing Tools(-photonova,photowings,funnyface)
• OCR Software
• Sound Editing Programs
• Tools For Creating Animations And Digital Movies
• Helpful Accessories
• Convertors

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 Painting And Drawing Tools
• Painting and drawing tools are the most
important items in your toolkit because the impact
of the graphics in your project will likely have the
greatest influence on the end user.

• Painting software is dedicated to producing

excellent bitmapped images .

• Drawing software is dedicated to producing line

art that is easily printed to paper.
• Drawing packages include powerful and
expensive computer-aided design (CAD)
software.
• Ex: DeskDraw, DeskPaint, Designer
63
© Bharati Vidyapeeth’s Institute of Computer Applications and Management, New Delhi-63. Dr. Saumya Bansal U1. 63
 Good Drawing Programs Contain Tools for:

 Creating different shapes (rectangles, circles, ellipses,

polygons, etc.)
 Drawing different lines (varying thickness, different dashes,
different arrowheads, etc.)
 Cutting and pasting regular and irregular shapes
 Support different fonts, sizes, styles, shapes, and
orientations, such as sloped or along a curve, varying the
font and color.

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 Good Drawing Programs Contain Tools for:

• Erasing, restoring, and saving all or portions of images

• Performing geometric transformations of images
(rotations, stretches, shrinking, etc.)
• Creating layers of objects within an image, so that those
in the foreground mask either wholly or partially those at
lower layers
• Controlling the colors and gray scales of all or portions of
an image

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 Good Drawing Programs Contain
Tools for:

• Modify and control brightness, contrast, and color balance.

• Facilitate retouching, sharpening, blurring, smoothing, and
so on.
• Simulate painting with different implements such as brushes,
sponges, pencils, and so on.
• Accept input from keyboard, mouse, and tablet

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 CAD And 3-D Drawing Tools
• C
‍ AD (computer-aided design) is a software used by
architects, engineers, drafters, artists and others to create
precision drawings or technical design.
• It can be used to create two-dimensional (2-D) drawings or
three dimensional modules.
• The CAD images can spin about in space, with lighting
conditions exactly simulated and shadows properly drawn.
• With CAD software you can stand in front of your work and
view it from any angle, making judgments about its design.
Ex: AutoCAD

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© Bharati Vidyapeeth’s Institute of Computer Applications and Management, New Delhi-63. Dr. Saumya Bansal U1. 68
 Image Editing Tools

• Image editing applications are

specialized and powerful tools for
enhancing and retouching existing
bitmapped images.
• can be used to create images from
scratch as well as images digitized
from scanners, digital cameras or
artwork files created by painting or
drawing packages.
Ex: Photoshop, Picasa, Paint.net ,
Adobe Lightroom

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 OCR Software
• Optical character recognition (OCR)
is a system of converting scanned
printed/handwritten image files into
its machine readable text format.

• Often you will have printed matter

and other text to incorporate into your
project, but no electronic text file.

• With Optical Character Recognition

(OCR) software, a flat-bed scanner
and your computer you can save
many hours of typing printed words
and get the job done faster and
more accurately.

Ex: Perceive
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 OCR Software
• Hardware — scans the text, image
• Software — systematically checks the entire image
for patterns of light and dark that it recognizes as alphabetic,
numeric, or special characters.
• OCR software requires pattern recognition, a complicated
logic problem.

E e E Ee e E E e E
e e E EE e e E e e
-- It is relatively easy for a human to recognize each of
these characters as the letter “e.”
-For the pattern recognition logic in OCR software, this is
very difficult.

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 Sound Editing Programs

• You can cut, copy, paste and

edit segments of the sound
with great precision and making
your own sound effects.

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 Sound Editing Programs
•A digital audio editor is defined as a computer
application for manipulating digital audio.

•As a multimedia creator, we normally use audio

editor for recording audio, edit the duration and
timeline, mix multiple sound tracks, apply simple
effects for audio enhancement and create
conversion between different audio file formats.

•Sound editing functions include cut, copy, paste,

delete, insert, silence, auto-trim and more

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 Sound Editing Programs

•Audio effects include amplify, normalize, equalizer,

envelope, reverb, echo, reverse and many more
•Supports almost all audio and music file formats
including mp3, wav, vox, gsm, wma, au, aif, flac,
real audio, ogg, aac, m4a, mid, amr, and many
more
Examples-
•Audacity is free, open source software for
recording and editing sounds.
•Power Sound Editor
•Music Editor
•SoundEdit Pro
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 Tools For 3D Modeling ,Creating Animations
And Digital Movies
• 3D animation is playing a larger role in today's film,
games, and television projects.
• 3D Animation Software - Autodesk MAYA, Autodesk
MotionBuilder

• Blender is a free and open-source 3D computer graphics

software product used for creating animated films, visual
effects, interactive 3D applications or video games.
• Blender's features include 3D modeling, UV unwrapping,
texturing, rigging and skinning, fluid and smoke simulation,
particle simulation, animating, match moving, camera
tracking, rendering, video editing and compositing.

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 Movie-making tools

• Movie-making tools let you edit and assemble video clips

captured from camera, animations, scanned images, other
digitized movie segments.
• The completed clip, often with added transition and visual
effects can be played back.

Ex: Animator Pro and SuperVideo Windows

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 •Animations and digital movies are sequences of
bitmapped graphic scenes (frames), rapidly
played back.
•But animations can also be made within an
authoring system by rapidly changing the location
of objects to generate an appearance of motion.

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 Helpful Accessories

No multimedia toolkit is
complete without a few
indispensable utilities to
perform some odd, but
repeated tasks. These are
the accessories.

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 Helpful Accessories

For example a screen-grabber is essential, because bitmap

images are so common in multimedia, it is important to have a
tool for grabbing all or part of the screen display so you can
import it into your authoring system or copy it into an image
editing application.

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 Multimedia Authoring Tools

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 Authoring versus Programming
 Two types of tools that can be used to create multimedia
applications:
 Authoring tools
 Programming tools
 Authoring tools are what we call high level tools
 A lot of the technical details of how things are done is hidden
from the developer.
 The developer can concentrate on the functionality instead of
how to make the hardware work

Can be used by non-programmers for assembling
multimedia elements into a single cohesive project.
 Authoring software provides an integrated environment for
binding together the content and functions of your project.

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 Authoring versus Programming
 Programming tools are low level tools
 They provide access to the low level hardware features for
those who want to get the most out of the computer
 Are used by programmers or software engineers

 Each has their own set of pros and cons:

 Authoring tools are generally quicker to learn and can be
used by non-programmers but may have limited flexibility
 Programming tools are more difficult to use and require
good programming knowledge but can be much more
flexible

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 The Components of an Authoring Tool

Most authoring systems provide facilities for:

 Loading and saving media assets (graphics, sounds,
videos, text, etc.)
 Creating or editing audio and graphic images
 Page or slide building (layering multimedia data to create
a single page)
 Animation / transition effects
 Specifying the sequence of the application
 Adding interactive controls for navigation and actions at
run-time

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 Features of Authoring Tools or S/W
• Editing and organizing features.
• Programming features.
• Interactivity features.
• Performance tuning and playback features.
• Delivery, cross-platform, and Internet playability
features.
• Script language programs
• Hypertext

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 Multimedia Building Blocks

Multimedia building blocks –

Text
Sound
Images
Animation and
Video

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 Multimedia Building Blocks

Text
Overview:
Importance of text in a multimedia presentation.
Understanding fonts and typefaces.
Using text elements in a multimedia presentation.
Computers and text.
Font editing and design tools.
Multimedia and hypertext.

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 Using Text in Multimedia

Type terminology
•Typeface
Arial
Courier
Times
•Fonts
•Points
•Styles
•Leading
•Kerning
Regular
Condensed
Expanded

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