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Introduction To Computer Networks

This document provides an introduction to computer networks. It defines a computer network as a collection of interconnected devices that enable communication and data exchange. It discusses the types of networks, benefits of networks, components of networks including hardware, software and cables, different network topologies, protocols, security issues, common problems, and the future of networks including Internet of Things and 5G technology. The conclusion states that networks are becoming increasingly important as technology advances.

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RUMAN CHAPAGAI
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© © All Rights Reserved
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52 views

Introduction To Computer Networks

This document provides an introduction to computer networks. It defines a computer network as a collection of interconnected devices that enable communication and data exchange. It discusses the types of networks, benefits of networks, components of networks including hardware, software and cables, different network topologies, protocols, security issues, common problems, and the future of networks including Internet of Things and 5G technology. The conclusion states that networks are becoming increasingly important as technology advances.

Uploaded by

RUMAN CHAPAGAI
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Introduction to Computer

Networks

ruman chapagai
[email protected]
Contents

1. What is a Computer Network?


2. Types of Computer Networks
3. Benefits of Computer Networks
4. Components of a Computer Network
5. Network Topologies
6. Network Protocols
7. Network Security
8. Common Network Issues
9. Future of Computer Networks
10. Conclusion
11. Thank You
What is a Computer Network?

A computer network is a collection of interconnected devices


and systems that enable communication and data exchange
between them. It allows for the sharing of resources, such as
files and printers, and facilitates collaboration and information
sharing.
Types of Computer Networks

There are various types of computer networks, including local


area networks (LANs) which connect devices within a limited
area, wide area networks (WANs) which connect devices
across large distances, and wireless networks which use radio
waves to connect devices without physical cables.
Benefits of Computer Networks
Improved Communication

1 Increased Efficiency 2 Resource Sharing

Computer networks enable faster and more efficient Networks enable the sharing of hardware, software, and data
communication, allowing for real-time collaboration and among multiple users, reducing costs and improving
faster data transfer. efficiency.

3 Enhanced Flexibility 4 Improved Security

By enabling remote access to resources and information, Networks allow for the implementation of security measures,
computer networks provide flexibility in terms of working such as firewalls and encryption, to protect sensitive data and
location and hours. prevent unauthorized access.
Components of a Computer Network
Hardware and Software

1 Devices

Computer networks consist of devices such as computers, routers, switches, and servers, which facilitate the transmission of data.

2 Cables and Connectors

Physical cables and connectors, such as Ethernet cables and fiber optic cables, are used to connect devices in a network.

3 Network Operating System

Networks require specialized software, known as a network operating system, to manage and control network resources.
Network Topologies
Layouts of Network

Bus Topology Star Topology

In a bus topology, devices are connected to a In a star topology, devices are connected to a
central cable called a bus. Data is transmitted central hub or switch. Data is transmitted
sequentially on the bus, and all devices through the hub/switch, and only the
receive the data simultaneously. intended recipient device receives the data.
Network Protocols

Network protocols are a set of rules and standards that define


the procedures for communication and data exchange between
devices in a network. Examples of network protocols include
TCP/IP, HTTP, and FTP.
Network Security
Protecting the Network

Firewalls Encryption Access Control

Firewalls are used to monitor and Encryption is the process of Access control mechanisms, such as
filter network traffic, preventing encoding data to prevent passwords and user authentication,
unauthorized access and protecting unauthorized access. It ensures that are used to restrict access to network
against cyber threats. data can only be understood by resources and data.
authorized parties.
Common Network Issues

1 Network Congestion 2 Network Security Threats

Network congestion occurs when there is a high volume of Networks are vulnerable to various security threats, such as
data traffic, leading to reduced network performance and malware attacks and unauthorized access.
slower data transfer.

3 Hardware Failures 4 Compatibility Issues

Hardware failures, such as router or switch malfunctions, can Compatibility issues may arise when devices in a network use
disrupt network connectivity and affect overall network different protocols or configurations, leading to
performance. communication problems.
Future of Computer Networks

1 Internet of Things (IoT)

The IoT involves the interconnection of everyday objects to the


internet, enabling smart homes, automated systems, and enhanced
data collection.

2 5G Technology

5G technology promises faster data transfer speeds.


Conclusion

Computer networks play a crucial role in modern society,


facilitating communication, resource sharing, and
collaboration. As technology continues to advance, networks
will become even more integral to our daily lives, connecting
devices, systems, and people like never before.

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