Personal

Development
Quarter 1---Module
6:
Lesson1:Brain Parts, Processes
and Functions
Lesson 2:Brain Powers for
Personal Development
The Powers of Mind
Our Brains Control Our
Thoughts, Feelings, and
Behavior
•The old brain---including the
brain stem,medulla,pons,reticular
formation,thalamus,
cerebellum,amygdala,
hypothalamus,and hippocampus-
regulates basic survival
functions,such as
breathing,moving
•The cerebral cortex,made up of billions
of neurons and glial cells,is divided into
the right and left hemispheres and into
four lobes.
•The frontal lobe is primarily
responsible for thinking, planning,
memory,and judgment.The parietal
lobe is primarily responsible for bodily
sensations and touch.The temporal
lobe is primarily responsible for
hearing and language.
•The brain changes as function of
experience and potential damage in a
process know as plasticity.the brain can
generate new neurons through
neurogenesis.
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•The motor cortex controls voluntary

movements.Body parts requiring the most
control and dexterity take up the most
space in the motor cortex.
•The left cerebral hemisphere is
primarily responsible for language
and speech in most people, whereas
the hemisphere specializer in spatial
and perceptual skills,
visualization,and the recognition of
patterns,faces,and melodies.
•The sensory cortex receives and
processes bodily sensations.Body
parts that are the most sensitive
occupy the greatest amount of
space in the sensory contex.
•The severing of the corpus
callosum,which connects the two
hemispheres,creates a "split-brain
patient,"with the effect of creating
two separate minds operating in one
person.
•Studies with split-brain patients have
been used to study brain lateralization.

•Neuroplasticity allows the brain to

adapt and change asa function of
experience or damage.
Teen Brain: Behavior,
Problem Solving,and
Decision Making
 Many parents do not understand why their
teenagers occasionally behave in an
impulsive, irrational,or dangerous way.At
times,it seems like teens don't think things
through or fully consider the consequences
of their actions.Adolescents differ from
adults in the way they behave, solve
problems,and make decisions.
 There is a biological explanation
for this difference.Studies have
shows that brains continue to
mature and develop throughout
childhood and adolescence and
well into early adulthood.
 Scientists have identified a specific
region of the brain called the amygdala
that is responsible for immediate reactions
including fear and aggressive
behaviour.This region develops
early.However,the area of the brain that
controls reasoning and helps us think
before we act, develops later.This part of
the brain is still changing and maturing well
into adulthood.
 Other changes in the brain during
adolescence include a rapid increase in
the connections between the brain cells
and making the brain pathways more
effective.Nerve cells develop myelin,an
insulating layer that helps cells
communicate. All these change are
essential for the development of
coordinated thought, action,and
Behavior.
Changing Brains Mean that
Adolescencents Act Differently
From Adults

🧠
 Pictures of the brain in action show
that Adolescencents brains work
differently than adults when they
make decisions or solve problems.
Their actions are guided more by the
emotional and reactive amygdala
and less by the thoughtful, logical
frontal contex.
Based on the stage of their brain
development, adolescence are more
likelyto:
•act on impulse
•misread or misinterpret social
cues and emotions
•get into accidents of all kinds
•get involved in fights
•engage in dangerous or risky
behavior
Adolescencents are less likely to:

•think before they act

•pause to consider the
consequences of their actions
•change their dangerous or
inappropriate behaviors
 These brain differences don't mean
that young people can't make good
decisions or tell the difference between
right and wrong.It also doesn't mean
that they shouldn't be held responsible
for their actions.
 However, an awareness of these
differences can help parents,
teachers,advocates,and policy
makers understand,anticipate,and
manage the behavior of
adolescents.And most of all,it can
help a lot to the adolescent itself to
manage his/her thoughts, behavior
 Lesson 2

Brain Powers for Personal

Development
Here are 10 simple ways to
increase your brain power and
improve your intelligence!
1) Do something new

When you experience something

"new" that actually "stimulate"
your brain! Don't get stuck in a rut
doing the same old things the only
way to work to change the structure
of your brain is to do something
 2.)Ditch
2.) the
Ditch the GPS
GPS
Gone are the days of map
reading! Sat Nav (Satellite
Navigation)may have made our
lives easier ;it has also made
our brains and less efficient at
the same time!
3)Ban the calculator
Remember back at school when
we were taught to use our brains
to do simple sums like times
tables? It's incredible how we not
rely on devices like smartphone
and laptop to calculate
reallsimple equations.
4)Be curious
Instead of taking everything at
face value,get into the habit of
questioning everyday
things/products, services that
you come into contact with.
By being "curious"and
questioning everything,you
force your brain to innovate
and create new ideas.
5) Think positive
Stress and anxiety kill existing brain
neurons and also stop new neurons from
being created.Research has shown that
positive thinking, especially in the future
tense, spreeds up the creation of cell and
dramatically reduces stress and anxiety.
6) Exercise regularly
It's been proven that regular
exercise helps to Increase brain
function and enhance neurogenesis.
This means that every time you
exercise ,you are creating new brain
cells! Your brain will thank you for it.
7)Train your memory
How often do you hear people say"I
wish I had a better memory!" Yet no
one does anything about this! If you
discipline yourself to memorize phone
number and other important numbers
(passport,credit card, insurance,driving
license)you will start to see a marked
improvement in your memory.
8)Eat healthy
Our diets have a huge impact on
brain function.Our Brains consume
over 20% of the nutrients and oxygen
that we consumed so remember to
feed your brain with the good stuff
(eat and drink healthy, avoid junk and
processes foods)
9)Read a book
Reading relieves tension and
stress, which is "brain-cell
killers"because it's a form of
escapism. Research had also
shows that using your imagination
is a great way to train your brain.
 10)Get enough sleep
Sleep is like a mini detox for the
brain. This is when your body
regenerates cell and removes all the
toxins that have built up during the
day. Get to bed between the hours of
9pm and midnight to benefit from the
most effective hours of sleep!
Final thoughts
More than anything else,improving your
brain power is about habits ,and habits
take time to build. The best approach is to
focus on one or two things at a
time.Giving your life a complete makeover
is going to prove much more
challenging,and the habits you attempt to
develop may not stick.
This is counter productive. Not only is
balance hard to achieve, often it never
is in the life of an adolescent.

However, constant experimentation

and tweaking will allow you to test
things out and see what best for you.
 THANKS
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