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Earth and Life Science Week 1

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Loren Marie Lemana Acebo
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22 views

Earth and Life Science Week 1

Uploaded by

Loren Marie Lemana Acebo
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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EARTH

AND
LIFE SCIENCE
PREPARED BY:
LOREN MARIE L. ACEBO
LESSON 1

THE UNIVERSE
AND
ITS ORIGIN
OBJECTIVES:
At the end of the lesson, the students are expected to:

a. describe the structure and composition of the universe;

b. state the different theories explaining the origin of the


universe; and

c. understand the different theories on the origin of the


universe.
UNIVERSE
 The term “the Universe” is
derived from the Latin
word “universum”, which
was used by Roman
statesman Cicero and later
Roman authors to refer to
the world and the cosmos
as they knew it.

COSMOLOGY- According to National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA), it


is the study of the evolution and the large-scale properties of the universe as a whole.
ASTRONOMY
It is the study that deals with the celestial objects and
phenomena happening on it.

It is the oldest natural science being studied that is


recorded on human history.

OPTICAL ASTRONOMY
Is the oldest branch of astronomy and it uses telescopes
and other observing devices to describe and observe the
universe.
UNIVERSE - is made up of
 74% DARK ENERGY ( a
source of anti-gravity.)

 4% VISIBLE MATTER (atoms,


stars, planets, galaxies and hot
intergalactic gas.)

 22% DARK MATTER (matter


that has gravity but does not
emit light.)
UNIVERSE
 Stars - the building block of galaxies born out of clouds of gas
and dust in galaxies.
UNIVERSE
 A star's energy comes from combining light elements into
heavier elements by fusion, or “nuclear
burning”(nucleosynthesis).

 Nucleosynthesis leads to the formation of chemicals such as


hydrogen and helium.
UNIVERSE
 It is the sum total of
all existence. It is the
entirety of time, space,
matter and energy that
began expanding 13.8
billion years ago and
has continued to
expand.
THEORIES ON
BIG BANG THEORY

 Georges Lemaître, a Belgian priest, is


considered as the first proponent of the
Big Bang Theory. The theory was
supported by other scientists such
as Edwin Hubble, Arno Penzias,
and Robert Wilson who presented
pieces of evidences to support it.
BIG BANG THEORY
 It states that there was a time that was a
singularity, a size of an atom, expanded faster
than the speed of light due to high density,
ending up with an incredible high temperature
and as it cools down, it forms the universe we
know today.

Evidences that prove the BIG BANG THEORY

 Cosmic Microwave Background Radiation

 Quasars
STEADY STATE THEORY

 proposed by Hermann
Bondi, Thomas Gold, and Fred
Hoyle, suggests that the universe has
always been there and will always be
present. It also conveys that the
universe always looks the same in
any time or space but continuously
expands while simultaneously
creating matter, maintaining the
density of the universe.
OSCILLATING UNIVERSE THEORY

 It also referred to as
the Pulsating Theory.
 It discusses that the universe is
expanding and will contract
once all the energy after the Big
Bang is used up.
 This theory proposed
by Richard Tolman, can be
described as the combination of
the Big Bang and the Big
Crunch.
Summary
1. The term “the Universe” is derived from the Latin word “universum”,
which was used by Roman statesman Cicero and later Roman authors to
refer to the world and the cosmos as they knew it.

2. According to National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA),


Cosmology is the study of the evolution and the large-scale properties of
the universe as a whole.

3. Universe is the sum total of existence including dark matter, visible matter,
and dark energy.

4. Star is the building block of galaxies.

5. There are three theories on the origin of universe: Steady State , Big Bang,
and Oscillating Theory.
Activity No.1: Identification
1. What is an unknown kind of energy responsible for the acceleration of the
expansion of the universe?

2. What is the building block of galaxies born out of clouds of gas


and dust in galaxies?

3. What theory suggests that the universe has always been there
and will always be present?

4. How many percent of dark matter in the universe?

5. Who proposed the oscillating theory?


NOTE!

All activities must be sent thru my gmail account.

Gmail account:lorenmarieacebo@gmail .com


Thank you!

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