BASIC INCIDENT

COMMAND SYSTEM
OVERVIEW (School Based)
Objectives
Upon completion of this Module, the participants
will be able to:
1. Explain the background and development of
ICS in the Philippines
2. Explain the overview of the ICS
3. Explain the principles and features of the ICS
Background and Development of
the ICS in the Philippines
The Philippine Disaster Risk Profile

• The Philippines is at risk of various disasters due to

the following:
- Natural hazards
- Human – induced hazards
• This necessitates the establishment of an effective
and efficient response management system
Past Major Incidents
Name of Incidents Period of Occurrence
WOWOWEE Stampede February 2006
Incidents
Tropical Storm “ONDOY” September 2009
Quirino Grandstand Hostage- August 2010
taking
WOWOWEEN Stampede, February 2006
Photo credit: Photoandscandals.net
Tropical Storm “ONDOY”, September 2009
Photo credit: typhoonondoy.org
Quirino Grandstand Hostage-taking, August 2010
Photo credit: rappler
Issues and Concerns from Past
Disasters/ Incidents
 Lack of reliable incident information
 Inadequate communications
 Too many people reporting to one supervisor
 Too many responders
 Too many response organization structures
 No check—in procedures for responders
 Lack of structures for coordinated planning between
agencies
 Unclear lines of authority
 Terminology differences between agencies
Issues and Concerns from Past
Disasters/ Incidents
 Unclear or unspecified incident objectives
 Lack of clarity on who is in charge
 Confusion arising from the catastrophic situation
 Political intervention
Republic Act 10121, 2010

In response to the challenges encountered from

past major disasters and incidents, ICS was
mandated to be established in the
Philippines through Republic Act 10121
Republic Act 10121, 2010
Section 9 (g): The Office of Civil Defense (OCD)
shall formulate standard operating procedures
for coordination

Rule 7 (h), Implementing Rules and Regulations:

The OCD shall establish ICS as part of the
Philippines’ on-scene disaster response system.
Training of ICS National Cadre, 2010 - 2011
The US Forest Service conducted the ICS Instructor Development
Program in the Philippines.

 5 day ICS Basic/ Intermediate Course (July 19-23, 2010)

 Integrated Planning Course (Oct 11-21,2010)
 Admin and Finance Section Chief Course (Feb 28 – Mar 1,
2011)
 Operations Section Chief Course (Mar 3-4, 2011)
 Logistics Section Chief Course (Mar 4-7, 2011)
 Incident Commanders’ Course (Mar 8-11, 2011)
NDRRMC Memo Circular No. 4, 2012

Signed on March 28, 2012, this provides the

implementing guidelines on the use of the ICS under
the Philippine DRRM System
Executive Order No. 82, 2012
Signed on September 4, 2012, this mandates
the activation of the ICS for human-induced
crises.
NDRRMC Memo No. 43 s 2016

Signed on August 18, 2016, this provides the

guidelines on the interoperability of the Incident
Management Teams and Response Clusters.
NDRRMC Memo No. 44 s 2016
Also signed on August 18, 2016, this provides
the guidelines on the mobilization of Incident
Management Teams
NDRRMC –NSC JMC No. s 2016
Approved on 30 August 2016, this JMC requires
the use of ICS as an integral component of
contingency plan for both natural and human-
induced hazards
Regional and Local
Institutionalization of the ICS
The regional and local DMRRCs organized their
own ICS Cadres and formulated issuance to
implement ICS in their respective areas.
INCIDENT COMMAND SYSTEM
(ICS)
INCIDENT

• An occurrence, caused by either human or natural

phenomena, that requires response actions to
prevent or minimize loss of life, or damage to
property and the environment.
Incident Command System
• Is a standard, on-scene, all-hazard incident
management concept that can be used by all
DRRMC members agencies and response
groups
• It allows users to adopt an integrated
organizational structure to match the
complexities and demands of single or multiple
incidents without being hindered by agency or
jurisdictional boundaries
Purpose of the ICS
The purpose of the ICS is to help to ensure:
 Safety of responders and others
 Achievement of tactical objectives
 Efficient use of resources
Benefits of the ICS
 Meets the needs of incidents of any kind or size
 Allows personnel from a variety of agencies to
meld rapidly into a common management
structure
 Provides accountability and a planning process
 Provides logistical and administrative support to
operational staff
 Is cost effective by avoiding duplication of efforts
Incidents/ Events managed by the ICS
Disasters caused by natural hazards such as typhoons,
floods, earthquakes, volcanic eruptions and tsunami
Human-Induced crises such as terrorism, hostage-
taking, armed conflict situations and bombing incidents.
Accidents such as fires, hazardous materials incidents,
traffic accidents
Human and animal disease outbreaks
Planned events such as fiestas, parades, sports events,
conferences, concerts
“CHECK-IN”

Accomplish the
ICS Form 211
Principles and Features of the ICS
1. Primary ICS Management Functions
2. Management by Objectives
3. Unity of Command and Chain of Command
4. Organizational Flexibility
5. Span of Control
6. Common Terminology
7. Accountability
8. Integrated Communications
9. Resources Management
10. Incident Action Plan
11. ICS Tools and Forms
I. Primary Management Functions
FUNCTIONS DESCRIPTION
Command Overall responsibility
Operations Direct tactical actions
Planning Collect data, prepare action
plan
Logistics Provide logistical support
Finance/ Procure resources, maintain
Administration accountability
II. Management by Objectives
 ICS is managed by objectives
 Objectives are communicated throughout the
entire ICS organization
III. Unity of Command and Chain of Command

Chain of Command
Orderly ranking of management positions in line of
authority

Unity of Command
Establishes a clear line of supervision; every
individual has a designated supervisor
IV. Organizational Flexibility
 The ICS organization is flexibility and modular
 Organization develops in a top-down fashion,
beginning with the Incident Commander (IC)
 The IC establishes organization based on
incident, size, complexity, and specific
hazards.
 “Form follows function” Only functions/
positions necessary for the incident are filled or
activated.
The ICS Organization
Incident Commander
The ICS organization begins with the IC (as the
first responder or as designated by the
Responsible Official)
FUNCTIONS OF IC
• Responsible for overall management of response
operations.
• Selected by the Responsible Official (RO) based on
qualifications and experience
• Acts as First Responders to the incident
• Assesses the situation / receives briefing from RO
or outgoing IC
• Determines objectives
• Establishes Incident Command Post
• Establishes appropriate ICS organization based on
the situation
• Establishes response priorities in consultation with
the Command and General Staff
• Coordinates activities for all Command and General
Staff
• Ensures planning meeting are scheduled as
required
• Keeps the Responsible Official informed of the
incident status
Command Staff
The Incident Commander may designated the
Command Staff who will provide information,
liaison and safety services for the entire
organization.
Public Information Officer

• Focal person for information dissemination

• Works closely with all other information
• One PIO per incident and may have assistant (s)
Liaison Officer

• Contact point for representatives of assisting and

cooperating agencies
Safety Officer

• Works with Operations Section on tactics

• Anticipates, detects, and corrects unsafe situations
• Has emergency authority to stop unsafe acts / operations
• One SOFR per incident and may have assistant (s)
General Staff
As the incident expands in complexity, the
Incident Commander may add General Staff
Sections to maintain span of control.
Who does what?
Incident Complexity and
Resource Needs
Large Disaster: All Units Activated
“Incident Management Team”
FACILITIES
• Incident Command Post
• Location where primary command functions are performed
• Staging Area
• Temporary location for resources awaiting assignments
• Base
• Location for primary support activities
• Camp
• Temporary location to provide services to ICS personnel
• Helibase
• Location where helicopters may be parked, maintained, fueled and loaded
• Helispot
• Temporary locations where helicopters can safely landed and take off.
ORGANIZING AND
MANAGING INCIDENTS
AND EVENTS
• Managing Planned Events
• Planned events are organized gatherings such as
parades, fiestas, concerts, conferences and other events
usually characterized by having high - density
population of audiences or attendees requiring security
services.
• Examples of Planned
• Field simulation exercises and drills
• Local festivals
• National celebrations / gatherings
• Special visits
• International conferences
• Considerations for Planned Events
• Type of event
• Disaster / incident scenarios that may occur
• Location, size, and expected duration
• Single or multi – agency participation
• Command staff needs
• Restrictions / limitations
FACTORS IN DETERMINING
THE SIZE OF THE ICS
ORGANIZATION
• Administrative and jurisdictional complexity
• Geographical areas involved
• Span of control considerations
• Functional specialties required
• Logistical, planning and other support needs
• Potential for growth
• Political importance
MAJOR INCIDENTS

• Is an occurrence or event, natural or human –

induced, that requires an emergency response to
protect life or property.
• Major incidents generally result to massive
casualties and damages to properties.
• Examples of Major Incidents:
• Earthquakes
• Floods
• Civil disturbance
• Typhoons
• Chemical spill
• Terrorist activities
• Disease outbreaks
ISSUES IN MAJOR
INCIDENTS
• More casualties
• More number of affected population
• Massive damages
• Longer duration
• Involves more than one agency / organization
• More than one political jurisdiction
• Require extensive mitigation, recovery and
rehabilitation
• Have a greater media interest
CHALLENGES IN
RESPONDING TO MAJOR
INCIDENTS
• Time is critically important
• The situation is unstable
• Incident has the potential to expand rapidly
• Communications and information may be
incomplete
INCIDENT / EVENT ASSESSMENT AND
MANAGEMENT BY OBJECTIVES
Assessment and Safety
• Size up the situation
• Determine if life is at risk
• Ensure personnel safety
• Identify environmental issues to address
Planning and Resource
Management
• Assume command and establish ICP
• Establish immediate incident objectives
• Strategies and tactics
• Determine rescue needs
• Establish initial organization that maintain span of
control
Situation Awareness
• Situation awareness is the perception of:
• What the current status of the incident, and
• What you are doing in relation to the incident and your
objectives.
• Situation awareness involves the ability to predict:
• Changes in the status of the incident, and
• Your future actions.
Management by Objectives

• ICS is manage by objectives.

• Objectives are communicated throughout the
entire ICS organization through the incident
planning process
 O
R
M
G
T O
AA
C L
T
I
C
A
SE
LE
CT
A
P
L
P
R
O
P
RI

D
AT
E
ST
R
AT
E

I
G
Y

R
E
S
T
A
B

E
LI
S
H
O
B

C
J
E
C
TI
V

T
E
S

I
U
N
D
ER
ST
A
N

O
D
P
O
LI
CY
A
N

N
D
DI
RE
CT
IO
N
ORGANIZING AND
MANAGING INCIDENT
RESPURCES
ORGANIZING INCIDENT
RESOURCES
• Incident resources
• Include personnel and major equipment that are
available or potentially available for assignment
• Personnel resources
• Assigned functional areas within ICS Sections based on
experience, training and past performance
• Equipment resources
• Consist of the equipment and personnel assigned to
operate the said equipment. These also include aviation
resources.
Why is Resource Management
Important?

• The job gets done.

• The job gets done SAFELY.
• The job gets done COST – EFFECTIVELY.
INCIDENT AND EVENT
PLANNING
• Results of Poor Planning
• Inefficient use of resources
• Inappropriate strategies and tactics
• Safety problems
• High incident cost
• Low effectiveness
• High incident costs
• Low effectiveness
• Lack of documentation
TRANSFER OF COMMAND,
DEMOBILIZATION
When to Transfer Command?

• A jurisdiction is legally required to take charge

• Personal emergencies
• The responsible official direct a change in command
• There is a need to relieve personnel on incidents o
extended duration
Transfer of Command Briefing
Agenda
• Situation status
• Incident objectives and priorities based on the IAP
• Current organization
• Resource assignments
• Resources ordered and en route
• Incident facilities
• Incident communications plan
• Incident prognosis, concerns, and other issues
• Introduction of Command and General Staff members
DEMOBILIZATION

This refers to the release and return of

resources that are no longer required
for the support of the incident / event.
Planning for Demobilization
helps to:

• Eliminate waste
• Eliminate potential fiscal and legal impacts
• Ensure a controlled, safe, efficient, and cost
effective release process.
Basic Parts of a Demobilization
Plan
• Demobilization Process
• Responsibilities
• Release Priorities
• Release Procedures
• Directories
CLOSE OUT
• Close out is the formal meeting that shall take place
with the RO and the IMT members.
• The IC will stay with the incident until its conclusion
and the close out meeting

• Things to discuss during the Close Out Meeting:

• Incident summary an actions taken
• Major events that may have lasting ramifications
• Documentation, including components for finalization
• Opportunity for the officials to bring up concerns
• Evaluation of incident management by the officials
• Preparations for Close Out Meeting
• PCS prepares the agenda and accompanying handouts /
supporting documents.
• IC approves the agenda.
• Team Clos Out Meeting
• IMT’s may hold a closeout meeting to discuss team
performance.
• The results of the close out meeting can form part of the
“after action review” or “lessons learned” summary
report.
SAMPLE OPERATIONAL
PERIOD BRIEFING AGENDA
OPERATIONAL PERIOD BRIEFING AGENDA
Incident Objectives (Brief Overview of Incident) PSC
Current Situation Update OCS
Weather Forecast (Maps) Meteorologist / PSC
Operational Assignments (org chart) OSC
Safety Briefing SOFR
Logistical Concerns LSC
Financial Concerns FSC
Information Plan and Updates PIO
Cooperating Agencies LO
Closing Comments IC
Next Briefing Schedule PSC
INCIDENT ACTION PLAN
• Name of Incident / Nature
• Date
• Overview of the Incident
• Objectives
• Maps / Location of Resources
• Weather Forecast
• Organizational Structure
• Safety Briefing
• Logistical Concerns
• Financial Concerns
• Information Plan and Updates
• Cooperating Agencies
• Closing Comments
• Next Briefing Schedule
SCENARIO
THANK YOU