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Chapter. 4 Faci Learning

The document summarizes several theories of motivation and self-efficacy: - Albert Bandura's self-efficacy theory focuses on an individual's belief in their ability to succeed. Performance experiences, vicarious experiences, social persuasion, and physical/emotional states influence self-efficacy. - Edwin Locke's goal-setting theory proposes that specific, challenging goals along with feedback lead to higher task performance. Goals provide direction and indicate effort required. - Abraham Maslow's hierarchy of needs suggests needs lower in the pyramid like physical and safety must be met before higher needs like belongingness and esteem. This impacts student motivation and learning.

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Jemjem
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18 views

Chapter. 4 Faci Learning

The document summarizes several theories of motivation and self-efficacy: - Albert Bandura's self-efficacy theory focuses on an individual's belief in their ability to succeed. Performance experiences, vicarious experiences, social persuasion, and physical/emotional states influence self-efficacy. - Edwin Locke's goal-setting theory proposes that specific, challenging goals along with feedback lead to higher task performance. Goals provide direction and indicate effort required. - Abraham Maslow's hierarchy of needs suggests needs lower in the pyramid like physical and safety must be met before higher needs like belongingness and esteem. This impacts student motivation and learning.

Uploaded by

Jemjem
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© © All Rights Reserved
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Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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SELF EFFICACY THEORY OF ALBERT

BANDURA
• The one's belief in one's ability to succeed in
specific situations or accomplish a task. One's sense
of self-efficacy can play a major role in how one
approaches goals, tasks, and challenges.
• Perceived capabilities for learning or
performing at designated levels.
FIVE INFLUENCES OF SELF - EFFICACY

• Performance experience – refers to ones previous and related


experiences, which can influence their perception of wether or
not one has the competence to perform the task at hand. This
tends to be what influences self-efficacy the most.
• Vicarious experience – refers to the observed performances and
experiences of others like oneself in similar situation.
• Social persuasion- refers to the verbal encouragement or dis
encouragement about a persons ability to perform. Typically, the
more credible the source,the more impact this source is likely to
have on a persons self- efficacy
• Physical and emotional states- refers to how one experiences
physical sensations and emotional states when facing the task
or challenge
EFFECTS OF EFFICACY ON STUDENTS
BEHAVIOR

• 1. Choice of tasks. The first effect is that self-efficacy makes


students more willing to choose tasks where they already feel
confident of succeeding.
• 2. Persistence at tasks A second effect of high self-efficacy is to
increase a persistence at relevant tasks. And
again, misperceptions of capacity make a difference.
• 3. Response to failure- high self-efficacy for a task not
only increases a person’s persistence at the task, but
also improves their ability to cope with stressful
conditions and to recover their motivation following
outright failures.
STRATEGY EXAMPLE OF WHAT THE
TEACHER MIGHT DO.
• Set goals with students, and get a commitment from them to reach the goals.
• Encourage students to compare their performance with their own previous performance,
not with other students.
• Point out links between effort and improvement.
• In giving feedback about performance, focus on information, not evaluative judgment
• Point out that increases in knowledge or skill happen gradually by sustained effort, not
because of inborn ability.
SELF-DETERMINATION THEORY (SDT) BY
EDWARD DECI & RICHARD RYAN

• is a macro theory of human motivation and personality that


concerns people's inherent growth tendencies and innate
psychological needs. It is concerned with the motivation behind
choices people make without external influence and
interference.
DECI AND RYAN CLAIM THAT THERE ARE
THREE ESSENTIAL ELEMENTS OF THE
THEORY:
• Humans are inherently proactive with their potential and
mastering their inner forces (such as drives and emotions)
• Humans have an inherent tendency toward growth
development and integrated functioning
• Optimal development and actions are inherent in humans but
they don't happen automatically
• Is based on the simple premise that every individual
only has the power to control themselves and has
limited power to control others.
• Applying Choice Theory allows one to take
responsibility for one’s own life and at the same time,
withdraw from attempting to direct other people’s
decisions and lives.
• Individuals are empowered to take responsibility for
their choices and support others in taking ownership of
their choices. Negative behaviors reduce in frequency
and intensity, relationships strengthen and satisfaction in
life increases.
• We all make choices according to basic needs that come
from within ourselves. The needs drive our choices and
influence how we behave in those choices.
5 BASIC NEEDS

• 1. Fun
• 2. Freedom
• 3. Power
• 4. Belonging
• 5. Survival
• all behavior is purposeful. Everything you do is your
best attempt to get what you want, at that point in time
with the information available to you. Getting what you
want ultimately satisfies one or more of your five basic
needs, which provides the motivation for all you do.
• Freedom-The need for freedom is about having
choices, being independent and autonomous. Freedom
is about being able to move freely without restriction.
Creativity is a part of this need, too.
• Fun-This need encompasses pleasure, play, humor,
relaxation and relevant learning.
• Survival-This is a physiological need encompassing
everything you need to sustain life, such as health,
shelter and nourishment. Reproductive sex includes
survival of the species. The psychological component to
this need involves feeling safe and secure.
• Love & Belonging- The need for Love & Belonging
includes the drive to be connected with others, such as
friends, family, intimate partners, co-workers, pets and
the groups you affiliate with.
• Power - This need involves the desire to matter, make a
difference, achieve, be competent, recognized and
respected. It includes self-esteem and a desire to leave a
legacy.
ABRAHAM MASLOW
HIERARCHY OF NEEDS
• Maslow's hierarchy of needs is a motivational theory in
psychology comprising a five-tier model of human needs, often
depicted as hierarchical levels within a pyramid.Needs lower down
in the hierarchy must be satisfied before individuals can attend to
needs higher up. From the bottom of the hierarchy upwards, the
needs are: physiological, safety, love and belonging, esteem and
self-actualization.
EDUCATIONAL APPLICATIONS

• Maslow's (1962) hierarchy of needs theory has made a major


contribution to teaching and classroom management in schools.
• Rather than reducing behavior to a
response in the environment, Maslow adopts a holistic approach to educ
ation and learning.Maslow looks at the complete physical, emotional, so
cial, and intellectual qualities of an individual and how they impact on le
arning.
• Applications of Maslow's hierarchy theory to the work of the classroo
m teacher are obvious. Before a student's cognitive needs can be met,
they must first fulfill their basic physiological needs.
• Students need to feel emotionally and physically safe and accepted wi
thin the classroom to progress and reach their full potential.Maslow s
uggests students must be shown that they are valued and respected i
n the classroom, and the teacher should create a supportive environ
ment. Students with a
low self-esteem will not progress academically at an optimum rate un
til their self-esteem is strengthened.
GOAL SETTING THEORY OF MOTIVATION
EDWIN LOCKE

• It states that specific and challenging goals along with


appropriate feedback contribute to higher and better task
performance. In simple words, goals indicate and give
direction to an employee about what needs to be done and
how much efforts are required to be put in.
FEATURES OF GOAL-SETTING THEORY

• Specific and clear goals lead to greater output and better performance.
Unambiguous, measurable and clear goals accompanied by a deadline for
completion avoids misunderstanding.
• Goals should be realistic and challenging. This gives an individual a
feeling of pride and triumph when he attains them, and sets him up for
attainment of next goal. The more challenging the goal, the greater is the
reward generally and the more is the passion for achieving it.
• Better and appropriate feedback of results directs the employee
behaviour and contributes to higher performance than absence of
feedback. Feedback is a means of gaining reputation, making
clarifications and regulating goal difficulties. It helps employees to
work with more involvement and leads to greater job satisfaction.
ADVANTAGES OF GOAL SETTING THEORY

• Goal setting theory is a technique used to raise incentives for


employees to complete work quickly and effectively.
• Goal setting leads to better performance by increasing
motivation and efforts, but also through increasing and
improving the feedback quality.

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