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Plastc Processing

Sheet metal is metal formed into thin, flat pieces that is cut and bent into various shapes. Common sheet metal processes include shearing, bending, blanking, punching, and drawing. Shearing cuts metal along a straight line, blanking and punching cut outlines, and bending strains metal around edges. Drawing makes hollow parts from sheet blanks using dies and presses. Sheet metal working has applications in roofing, ductwork, vehicle and transportation manufacturing, and more.

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28 views

Plastc Processing

Sheet metal is metal formed into thin, flat pieces that is cut and bent into various shapes. Common sheet metal processes include shearing, bending, blanking, punching, and drawing. Shearing cuts metal along a straight line, blanking and punching cut outlines, and bending strains metal around edges. Drawing makes hollow parts from sheet blanks using dies and presses. Sheet metal working has applications in roofing, ductwork, vehicle and transportation manufacturing, and more.

Uploaded by

hodmech scenashik
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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SHEET METAL WORKING

Introduction

Sheet metal is simply metal formed into thin and flat


pieces. It is one of the fundamental forms used in
metalworking, and can be cut and bent into a variety of
different shapes. Countless everyday objects are constructed
of the material. Thicknesses can vary significantly, although
extremely thin thicknesses are considered foil or leaf, and
pieces thicker than 6 mm (0.25 in) are considered plate.
Sheet metal processing

The raw material for sheet metal manufacturing


processes is the output of the rolling process. Typically,
sheets of metal are sold as flat, rectangular sheets of
standard size. If the sheets are thin and very long, they may
be in the form of rolls. Therefore the first step in any
sheet metal process is to cut the correct shape and sized
‘blank’ from larger sheet.
Sheet Metal Forming processes
Introduction

1. Sheet metal processes involve plane stress loadings


and lower forces than bulk forming
2. Almost all sheet metal forming is considered to be
secondary processing
3. The main categories of sheet metal forming are
• Shearing
• Bending
• Drawing
Shearing
Shearing is a sheet metal cutting operation along a
straight line between two cut-ting edges by means of a
power shear.
Blanking and punching
Blanking and punching are similar sheet metal cutting operations that
involve cutting the sheet metal along a closed outline. If the part that is cut out is
the desired product, the operation is called blanking and the product is called
blank. If the remaining stock is the desired part, the operation is called
punching. Both operations are illustrated on the example of producing a washer
Bending
Bending is defined as the straining of the sheet metal
around a straight edge
Drawing
Drawing is a sheet-metal operation to make hollow-shaped parts
from a sheet blank
Equipments
Mechanical Press - The ram is actuated using a flywheel.
Stroke motion is not uniform.
Hydraulic Press - Longer strokes than mechanical
presses, and develop full force throughout the stroke.
Stroke motion is of uniform speed, especially adapted
to deep drawing operations
Dies and Punches

Simple- single operation with a single stroke

Compound- two operations with a single stroke

Combination- two operations at two stations

Progressive- two or more operations at two or more


stations with each press stroke, creates what is called
a strip development
Progressive dies & Punches
Tools and Accessories

Marking and measuring tools


Steel Rule : It is used to set out dimensions.

Try Square: Try square is used for making and testing angles of 90degree

Scriber : It used to scribe or mark lines on metal work pieces.

Divider : This is used for marking circles, arcs, laying out


perpendicular lines, bisecting lines, etc
Marking and measuring tools
Cutting Tools

Straight snip - They have straight jaws and used for straight line cutting.

Curved snip - They have curved blades for making circular cuts.

Straight snip
Curved snip
Striking Tools

Mallet - It is wooden-headed hammer of round or rectangular


cross section. The striking face is made flat to the work. A mallet
is used to give light blows to the Sheet metal in bending and
finishing.

Types of Mallets
Merits
•High strength
•Good dimensional accuracy and surface finish
•Relatively low cost

Demerits
•Wrinkling and tearing are typical limits to drawing operations
•Different techniques can be used to overcome these limitations
•Draw beads
•Vertical projections and matching grooves in the die and blank hold
•Trimming may be used to reach final dimensions
Applications
•Roofings
•Ductings
•Vehicles body buildings like 3 wheelers, 4 wheelers, ships,
aircrafts etc.
•Furnitures, House hold articles and Railway equipment
References

Book
•Manufacturing Technology by Hajra choudry
•Sheet metal working by Robert cook

Website
•www.efunda.com
•www.esnips.com

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