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3 Lecture 3 25102021

The total derivative of a function f of three variables x, y, z is the sum of the partial derivatives of f with respect to x, y, and z, multiplied by the rates of change of x, y, and z with respect to a single independent variable. This accounts for cases where x, y, and/or z may depend on each other or another independent variable. The chain rule is used to calculate total derivatives in these situations.

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10 views

3 Lecture 3 25102021

The total derivative of a function f of three variables x, y, z is the sum of the partial derivatives of f with respect to x, y, and z, multiplied by the rates of change of x, y, and z with respect to a single independent variable. This accounts for cases where x, y, and/or z may depend on each other or another independent variable. The chain rule is used to calculate total derivatives in these situations.

Uploaded by

jaiswalgoldi08
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Total Derivative

Total Derivative
• Total derivative of a function f of three variables x, y, z is defined by
df and is defined as

f f f
df  dx  dy  dz
x y z

• Where or not x,y and z are independent of each other.


• Several types of dependence among x,y and z are considered.
2
Total Derivative – 1: Chain Rule

Let and are themselves functions of a single independent variable .


Then the dependent variable may be considered as truly a function of
the one independent variable t via the intermediate variable x, y.
Now the derivative of w.r.t. is written as

3
Total Derivative – 1: Chain Rule

Let
.. u 𝒅𝒙
and
x x 𝒅𝒕
Are themselves
functions of a u t
u
single independent
y
y 𝒅𝒚
variable . 𝒅𝒕

𝒅𝒖 𝝏 𝒖 𝒅𝒙 𝝏 𝒖 𝒅 𝒚
= . + .
𝒅𝒕 𝝏 𝒙 𝒅𝒕 𝝏 𝒚 𝒅𝒕
Total Derivative – 1: Chain Rule

Let 𝒅𝒙
.. u x
x
𝒅𝒕
and
u
𝒅𝒚
are themselves y 𝒅𝒕 t
u y
functions of a 𝒅𝒛
single independent u 𝒅𝒕
z
variable .

z
𝒅𝒖 𝝏 𝒖 𝒅𝒙 𝝏 𝒖 𝒅 𝒚 𝝏 𝒖 𝒅 𝒛
= . + . + .
𝒅𝒕 𝝏 𝒙 𝒅𝒕 𝝏 𝒚 𝒅𝒕 𝝏 𝒛 𝒅𝒕
Total Derivative – 2: Chain Rule

Let y and z are functions of x.


Then the dependent variable f may be considered as truly a function of the
one independent variable x
Now the derivative of f w.r.t. x is written as

Where

6
Total Derivative – 1: Chain Rule

Let 𝒅𝒙
.. u x
x
𝒅𝒙
and
u
𝒅𝒚
are themselves y 𝒅𝒙 x
u y
functions of a 𝒅𝒛
single independent u 𝒅𝒙
z
variable .

z
𝒅𝒖 𝝏 𝒖 𝒅𝒙 𝝏 𝒖 𝒅𝒚 𝝏 𝒖 𝒅 𝒛
= . + . + .
𝒅𝒙 𝝏 𝒙 𝒅𝒙 𝝏 𝒚 𝒅 𝒙 𝝏 𝒛 𝒅 𝒙
Thank You

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